Reproductive traits associated with invasiveness in Coreopsis lanceolata

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.08.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims The invasive plant Coreopsis lanceolata can reproduce sexually and clonally, but the relative importance of these remains largely unknown. Our objective was to determine if reproductive characteristics affect the invasiveness of C. lanceolata.

Methods We observed the flowering dynamics of inflorescence, self-compatibility, germination traits of seed and clonal reproductive traits of C. lanceolata.

Important findings Most C. lanceolata flowered and fruited between April and November. The florescence of a single capitulum persisted approximately 5 to 6 days, and the fruits matured after 18 days. Bagged capitula showed there were no seed set in single capitulum, and they were geitonogamous, which indicated self-incompatibility. The pollen-ovule (P/O) ratio was 103 549.40 ± 7 162.44. There was high pollen viability during flowering, and pollinator movement ensured endogamy, which improved the rate of out-crossing. Under natural conditions, the germination percentage is >50%, and germination occurs within 2-3 days. Coreopsis lanceolata has strong asexual capacity; there were many phalanx ramets from roots during the growing season, and the guerrilla ramets only occurred beginning in the last ten days of August, which is beneficial to C. lanceolata in excluding other species and forming mono-culture populations. These results suggest that the invasiveness of C. lanceolata is closely related to its reproductive traits.

Key words: alien invasive plant, breeding system, Coreopsis lanceolata, reproductive traits

ZENG Jian-Jun, XIAO Yi-An, SUN Min. Reproductive traits associated with invasiveness in Coreopsis lanceolata[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2010, 34(8): 966-972.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.08.009

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2010/V34/I8/966

Figures/Tables 6

References 31

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观测项目 Observation item	观测结果 Observation result	观测项目 Observation item	观测结果 Observation result
始花期(5%个体开花) First flower date (5% individuals flowering)	4月20日 20 April	小花数量 Numbers of florets	241.40 ± 17.52
盛花期(50%及以上个体开花) Peak flowering date (50% or more individuals flowering)	4月29日 29 April	小花长度 Length of florets (mm)	8.85 ± 0.69
花期持续时间 Duration of flowering phase (month)	8	小花宽度 Width of florets (mm)	1.16 ± 0.13
终花期(仅5%个体开花) End of flowering date (only 5% individuals flowering)	5月11日 11 May	管状花每天开花轮数 Numbers of tubular flowers bloom every day (rounds)	1-2
小花类型 Type of florets	管状花 Tubiform floret	花序完全开放需要的时间 Duration of inflorescence (d)	5-6
花序长度 Length of inflorescence (mm)	56.01 ± 4.38	种子成熟时间 Time of seed mature (d)	8
花序宽度 Width of inflorescence (mm)	11.65 ± 0.83	从开花到果实成熟开裂需要的时间 Duration of blooming to fruit mature (d)	18

观测项目 Observation item	观测结果 Observation result	观测项目 Observation item	观测结果 Observation result
始花期(5%个体开花) First flower date (5% individuals flowering)	4月20日 20 April	小花数量 Numbers of florets	241.40 ± 17.52
盛花期(50%及以上个体开花) Peak flowering date (50% or more individuals flowering)	4月29日 29 April	小花长度 Length of florets (mm)	8.85 ± 0.69
花期持续时间 Duration of flowering phase (month)	8	小花宽度 Width of florets (mm)	1.16 ± 0.13
终花期(仅5%个体开花) End of flowering date (only 5% individuals flowering)	5月11日 11 May	管状花每天开花轮数 Numbers of tubular flowers bloom every day (rounds)	1-2
小花类型 Type of florets	管状花 Tubiform floret	花序完全开放需要的时间 Duration of inflorescence (d)	5-6
花序长度 Length of inflorescence (mm)	56.01 ± 4.38	种子成熟时间 Time of seed mature (d)	8
花序宽度 Width of inflorescence (mm)	11.65 ± 0.83	从开花到果实成熟开裂需要的时间 Duration of blooming to fruit mature (d)	18

	开花时间 Time after blooming (h)
	24	48	72	96	120	144	168
花粉活力 Pollen viability (%)	95.51 ± 2.04	94.36 ± 3.57	94.51 ± 3.44	94.24 ± 5.88	81.37 ± 27.70	50.55 ± 19.56	-

	开花时间 Time after blooming (h)
	24	48	72	96	120	144	168
花粉活力 Pollen viability (%)	95.51 ± 2.04	94.36 ± 3.57	94.51 ± 3.44	94.24 ± 5.88	81.37 ± 27.70	50.55 ± 19.56	-

变异来源 Variable source	土壤 Soil					播种深度 Sowing depth
变异来源 Variable source	df	SS	F	p		df	SS	F	p
种子萌发率 Seed germination	2	17 797.00	297.01	*		4	4 074.47	15.56	*