Carbon density and distribution characteristics of two typical shrublands in Dongling Mountain, Beijing

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0300

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Shrublands is an indispensable part of estimating carbon density in terrestrial ecosystems, and the expansion of shrublands is considered as one of the key drivers leading to the increase of carbon density in terrestrial ecosystems in China, but there are great uncertainties in the carbon sink capacities of shrublands. We aimed to estimate the carbon density and distribution characteristics of common shrublands in North China.
Methods The carbon density and distribution characteristics of two typical shrublands (Caragana jubata and Carpinus turczaninowii shrublands) in Dongling Mountain, Beijing, were measured based on the field investigation data and by employing allometric approach.
Important findings The results showed that the carbon density (427.59 t·hm^-2) of Caragana jubata shrubland was significantly higher than that of the Carpinus turczaninowii shrubland (178.19 t·hm^-2), in which the carbon storage of soil layer was the largest (98.53% and 81.31%), and the carbon storage were 421.29 t·hm^-2 and 144.89 t·hm^-2, respectively. Soil organic carbon was enriched in the 0-50 cm soil layer, and showed a decreasing trend with increasing soil depth. The organic carbon density in different soil layers of the Caragana jubata shrubland is higher than that of the Carpinus turczaninowii shrubland, mainly due to the lower temperature and smaller slope in the distribution area of Caragana jubata shrubland, which is conducive to the accumulation of organic matter. The contribution of the shrub layer and the arbor-shrub layer to the carbon density of the entire ecosystem were relatively small (1.27% and 17.77%), with values of 5.44 and 31.69 t·hm^-2, respectively. The carbon density of different organs in the arbor layer was in the order of trunk > root > branch > leaf, while the order of carbon density in the shrub layer was branch > root > leaf in both shrublands. Moreover, the carbon density of each organ in the shrub layer of Caragana jubata shrubland was significantly lower than that in the Carpinus turczaninowii shrubland. The herbaceous layer and litter layer contributed the least to the total carbon density of Caragana jubata and Carpinus turczaninowii shrublands (0.20% and 0.91%), with values of 0.86 and 1.62 t·hm^-2, respectively. The carbon density of the herbaceous layer (0.55 t·hm^-2) in Caragana jubata shrubland was significantly higher than that (0.35 t·hm^-2) in Carpinus turczaninowii shrublands. Moreover, carbon density of the aboveground and underground parts of the herbaceous layer in Caragana jubata shrubland was similar, while in Carpinus turczaninowii shrubland, the aboveground carbon density was significantly lower than that of the underground part. The carbon density of the litter layer (1.27 t·hm^-2) in Carpinus turczaninowii shrubland was significantly higher than that (0.31 t·hm^-2) in Caragana jubata shrubland.

Key words: shrubland, carbon density, ecosystem, carbon sink, Dongling Mountain

ZHANG Jian-Hua, ZHOU Xiao-Yang, DUAN Shan-Shan, BAI Jia-Ni, XU Long-Chao. Carbon density and distribution characteristics of two typical shrublands in Dongling Mountain, Beijing[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2025, 49(10): 1721-1732.

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Figures/Tables 7

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项目 Item	鬼箭锦鸡儿灌丛 Caragana jubata shrubland	鹅耳枥灌丛 Carpinus turczaninowii shrubland
地形特征 Topography character
海拔 Altitude (m)	2 300	1 170
坡向 Aspect	北坡 North	北坡 North
坡度 Slope (°)	9	30
表层土壤养分含量 Topsoil nutrient content
总碳含量 Total carbon content (mg·g^-1)	73.86 ± 2.15	27.79 ± 2.20
总氮含量 Total nitrogen content (mg·g^-1)	6.89 ± 0.10	2.32 ± 0.30
总磷含量 Total phosphorous content (mg·g^-1)	0.97 ± 0.04	0.42 ± 0.05
无机氮含量 Inorganic nitrogen content (mg·kg^-1)	18.90 ± 0.22	13.15 ± 2.08
速效磷含量 Available phosphorous content (mg·kg^-1)	1.22 ± 0.09	4.62 ± 0.19
群落特征 Community character
灌木高度 Shrub height (cm)	44.05 ± 7.03	382.76 ± 5.74
平均基径 Average base diameter (cm)	-	36.28 ± 0.98
灌木密度 Shrub density (stems·hm^-2)	1.7 × 10⁴	1.8 × 10⁴
灌木层优势种 Dominant species in shrub layer	鬼箭锦鸡儿 Caragana jubata	鹅耳枥 Carpinus turczaninowii
草本层优势种 Dominant species of herbaceous layer	丝柄薹草 Carex filipes var. sparsinux 返顾马先蒿 Pedicularis resupinata 橐吾 Ligularia sibirica	细叶薹草 Carex duriuscula subsp. stenophylloides

项目 Item	鬼箭锦鸡儿灌丛 Caragana jubata shrubland	鹅耳枥灌丛 Carpinus turczaninowii shrubland
地形特征 Topography character
海拔 Altitude (m)	2 300	1 170
坡向 Aspect	北坡 North	北坡 North
坡度 Slope (°)	9	30
表层土壤养分含量 Topsoil nutrient content
总碳含量 Total carbon content (mg·g^-1)	73.86 ± 2.15	27.79 ± 2.20
总氮含量 Total nitrogen content (mg·g^-1)	6.89 ± 0.10	2.32 ± 0.30
总磷含量 Total phosphorous content (mg·g^-1)	0.97 ± 0.04	0.42 ± 0.05
无机氮含量 Inorganic nitrogen content (mg·kg^-1)	18.90 ± 0.22	13.15 ± 2.08
速效磷含量 Available phosphorous content (mg·kg^-1)	1.22 ± 0.09	4.62 ± 0.19
群落特征 Community character
灌木高度 Shrub height (cm)	44.05 ± 7.03	382.76 ± 5.74
平均基径 Average base diameter (cm)	-	36.28 ± 0.98
灌木密度 Shrub density (stems·hm^-2)	1.7 × 10⁴	1.8 × 10⁴
灌木层优势种 Dominant species in shrub layer	鬼箭锦鸡儿 Caragana jubata	鹅耳枥 Carpinus turczaninowii
草本层优势种 Dominant species of herbaceous layer	丝柄薹草 Carex filipes var. sparsinux 返顾马先蒿 Pedicularis resupinata 橐吾 Ligularia sibirica	细叶薹草 Carex duriuscula subsp. stenophylloides

物种 Species	器官 Organ	方程 Equation	变量 Variable	a	b	R²	F	p
鬼箭锦鸡儿 Caragana jubata	根 Root	y = ax^b	A_c	0.000 2	1.493 7	0.89	100.51	<0.000 1
	茎 Stem	y = ax + b	A_c	0.030 0	1.808 2	0.95	254.07	<0.000 1
	叶 Leaf	y = ax + b	A_c	0.005 8	2.116 8	0.95	260.62	<0.000 1
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	A_c	0.016	1.141 6	0.95	257.80	<0.000 1
鹅耳枥 Carpinus turczaninowii	根 Root	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.070	1.02	0.99	970.63	<0.000 1
	茎 Stem	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.050	1.14	0.99	965.96	<0.000 1
	叶 Leaf	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.009	1.09	0.98	724.70	<0.000 1
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.110	1.11	0.99	1 369.18	<0.000 1
山葡萄 Vitis amurensis	根 Root	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.29	0.87	0.76	33.94	0.000 1
	茎 Stem	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.52	0.92	0.52	13.11	0.004
	叶 Leaf	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	1.31	0.71	0.27	3.98	0.07
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	1.99	0.82	0.47	9.63	0.01
照山白 Rhododendron micranthum	根 Root	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.40	0.90	0.60	40.80	<0.000 1
	茎 Stem	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.07	1.24	0.89	217.52	<0.000 1
	叶 Leaf	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.09	0.81	0.54	31.63	<0.000 1
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.37	1.07	0.82	126.64	<0.000 1
小花溲疏 Deutzia parviflora	根 Root	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.19	0.98	0.74	62.55	<0.000 1
	茎 Stem	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.30	1.04	0.93	303.82	<0.000 1
	叶 Leaf	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.54	0.71	0.62	35.54	<0.000 1
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.79	0.97	0.94	322.34	<0.000 1
暴马丁香 Syringa reticulata	根 Root	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.10	1.08	0.81	117.10	<0.000 1
	茎 Stem	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.33	1.02	0.92	311.34	<0.000 1
	叶 Leaf	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.43	0.75	0.80	114.20	<0.000 1
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.71	0.98	0.92	324.16	<0.000 1
六道木 Abelia biflora	根 Root	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.26	0.93	0.97	345.81	<0.000 1
	茎 Stem	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.32	0.98	0.97	364.20	<0.000 1
	叶 Leaf	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.56	0.59	0.82	44.26	<0.000 1
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.74	0.94	0.98	428.95	<0.000 1
大叶白蜡 Fraxinus rhynchophylla	根 Root	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	10.956 0	0.538	0.89	50.43	0.005 7
	茎 Stem	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.236 7	0.995	0.99	2 227.54	<0.000 1
	叶 Leaf	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.000 7	1.353	0.98	388.54	0.000 3
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	2.490 4	0.805	0.98	414.18	0.000 3

物种 Species	器官 Organ	方程 Equation	变量 Variable	a	b	R²	F	p
鬼箭锦鸡儿 Caragana jubata	根 Root	y = ax^b	A_c	0.000 2	1.493 7	0.89	100.51	<0.000 1
	茎 Stem	y = ax + b	A_c	0.030 0	1.808 2	0.95	254.07	<0.000 1
	叶 Leaf	y = ax + b	A_c	0.005 8	2.116 8	0.95	260.62	<0.000 1
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	A_c	0.016	1.141 6	0.95	257.80	<0.000 1
鹅耳枥 Carpinus turczaninowii	根 Root	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.070	1.02	0.99	970.63	<0.000 1
	茎 Stem	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.050	1.14	0.99	965.96	<0.000 1
	叶 Leaf	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.009	1.09	0.98	724.70	<0.000 1
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.110	1.11	0.99	1 369.18	<0.000 1
山葡萄 Vitis amurensis	根 Root	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.29	0.87	0.76	33.94	0.000 1
	茎 Stem	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.52	0.92	0.52	13.11	0.004
	叶 Leaf	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	1.31	0.71	0.27	3.98	0.07
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	1.99	0.82	0.47	9.63	0.01
照山白 Rhododendron micranthum	根 Root	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.40	0.90	0.60	40.80	<0.000 1
	茎 Stem	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.07	1.24	0.89	217.52	<0.000 1
	叶 Leaf	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.09	0.81	0.54	31.63	<0.000 1
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.37	1.07	0.82	126.64	<0.000 1
小花溲疏 Deutzia parviflora	根 Root	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.19	0.98	0.74	62.55	<0.000 1
	茎 Stem	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.30	1.04	0.93	303.82	<0.000 1
	叶 Leaf	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.54	0.71	0.62	35.54	<0.000 1
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.79	0.97	0.94	322.34	<0.000 1
暴马丁香 Syringa reticulata	根 Root	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.10	1.08	0.81	117.10	<0.000 1
	茎 Stem	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.33	1.02	0.92	311.34	<0.000 1
	叶 Leaf	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.43	0.75	0.80	114.20	<0.000 1
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.71	0.98	0.92	324.16	<0.000 1
六道木 Abelia biflora	根 Root	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.26	0.93	0.97	345.81	<0.000 1
	茎 Stem	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.32	0.98	0.97	364.20	<0.000 1
	叶 Leaf	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.56	0.59	0.82	44.26	<0.000 1
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.74	0.94	0.98	428.95	<0.000 1
大叶白蜡 Fraxinus rhynchophylla	根 Root	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	10.956 0	0.538	0.89	50.43	0.005 7
	茎 Stem	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.236 7	0.995	0.99	2 227.54	<0.000 1
	叶 Leaf	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	0.000 7	1.353	0.98	388.54	0.000 3
	整体 Total	y = ax^b	(BD)²H	2.490 4	0.805	0.98	414.18	0.000 3

组分 Component	鬼箭锦鸡儿灌丛 Caragana jubata shrubland		鹅耳枥灌丛 Carpinus turczaninowii shrubland
组分 Component	碳密度 Carbon density (t·hm^-2)	比例 Proportion (%)	碳密度 Carbon density (t·hm^-2)	比例 Proportion (%)
乔木层 Overstory layer	-	-	7.57 ± 3.25	4.23
灌木层 Shrub layer	5.44 ± 0.33^b	1.27	24.12 ± 2.58^a	13.54
草本层 Herb layer	0.55 ± 0.10^a	0.13	0.35 ± 0.06^b	0.20
凋落物层 Litterfall layer	0.31 ± 0.03^b	0.07	1.27 ± 0.34^a	0.71
土壤层 Soil layer	421.29 ± 21.50^a	98.53	144.89 ± 7.54^b	81.31
总计 Total	427.59^a	100.00	178.19^b	100.00