Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (12): 1168-1178.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0196
Special Issue: 植物功能性状
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ZHU Hong,ZHU Shu-Xia,LI Yong-Fu,YI Xian-Gui,DUAN Yi-Fan,WANG Xian-Rong()
Received:
2018-08-10
Revised:
2018-11-02
Online:
2018-12-20
Published:
2019-04-04
Contact:
WANG Xian-Rong ORCID: 0000-0003-4048-2748
ZHU Hong, ZHU Shu-Xia, LI Yong-Fu, YI Xian-Gui, DUAN Yi-Fan, WANG Xian-Rong. Leaf phenotypic variation in natural populations of Cerasus dielsiana[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2018, 42(12): 1168-1178.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2018.0196
代码 Code | 气候变量 Climatic variables | 特征值 Eigenvalue | 作为第1主成分的贡献率 Variance contribution rate as first principal component (%) |
---|---|---|---|
bio4 | 气温季节变化 Temperature seasonality (SD × 100) | -0.151 | 97.459% |
bio12 | 年降水量 Annual precipitation (mm) | 0.784 | |
bio16 | 最湿季降水量 Precipitation of wettest quarter (mm) | 0.420 | |
bio18 | 最暖季降水量 Precipitation of warmest quarter (mm) | 0.403 |
Table 1 Four dominant climatic variables that affect Cerasus dielsiana after principal component analysis (PCA) screening and its contributions
代码 Code | 气候变量 Climatic variables | 特征值 Eigenvalue | 作为第1主成分的贡献率 Variance contribution rate as first principal component (%) |
---|---|---|---|
bio4 | 气温季节变化 Temperature seasonality (SD × 100) | -0.151 | 97.459% |
bio12 | 年降水量 Annual precipitation (mm) | 0.784 | |
bio16 | 最湿季降水量 Precipitation of wettest quarter (mm) | 0.420 | |
bio18 | 最暖季降水量 Precipitation of warmest quarter (mm) | 0.403 |
种群 Population | 纬度 Latitude (N) | 经度 Longitude (E) | 平均海拔 Mean altitude (m) | 气温季节变化 Temperature Seasonality bio4 (SD × 100) | 年降水量 Annual precipitation bio12 (mm) | 最湿季降水量 Precipitation of wettest quarter bio16 (mm) | 最暖季降水量 Precipitation of warmest quarter bio18 (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
四川峨眉山 Mt. Emei, Sichuan (EMS) | 29.57° | 103.37° | 1 365 | 7.53 | 1 264.00 | 92.13 | 710.00 |
湖北神农架 Shennongjia, Hubei (SNJ) | 31.45° | 110.25° | 860 | 8.15 | 1 696.00 | 51.61 | 557.00 |
湖北星斗山 Mt. Xingdou, Hubei (XDS) | 30.02° | 109.12° | 839 | 8.19 | 1 772.00 | 60.22 | 568.00 |
湖南莽山 Mt. Mangshan, Hunan (MS) | 24.97° | 112.88° | 1 228 | 7.66 | 1 492.00 | 56.44 | 601.00 |
湖南张家界 Zhangjiajie, Hunan (ZJJ) | 29.32° | 110.42° | 1 118 | 7.91 | 1 591.00 | 62.14 | 556.00 |
江西金竹飞瀑 Jinzhufeipu, Jiangxi (JZFP) | 27.00° | 115.92° | 966 | 7.20 | 1 508.00 | 60.26 | 609.00 |
江西仙姑坛 Xiangutan, Jiangxi (XGT) | 28.45° | 114.38° | 1 364 | 6.86 | 1 405.00 | 62.72 | 591.00 |
台湾阿里山 Mt. Ali, Taiwan (ALS) | 23.50° | 120.80° | 1 182 | 8.20 | 3 747.00 | 80.66 | 1 780.00 |
Table 2 Geographical locations of the eight natural populations of Cerasus dielsiana and characters of dominant climatic factors
种群 Population | 纬度 Latitude (N) | 经度 Longitude (E) | 平均海拔 Mean altitude (m) | 气温季节变化 Temperature Seasonality bio4 (SD × 100) | 年降水量 Annual precipitation bio12 (mm) | 最湿季降水量 Precipitation of wettest quarter bio16 (mm) | 最暖季降水量 Precipitation of warmest quarter bio18 (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
四川峨眉山 Mt. Emei, Sichuan (EMS) | 29.57° | 103.37° | 1 365 | 7.53 | 1 264.00 | 92.13 | 710.00 |
湖北神农架 Shennongjia, Hubei (SNJ) | 31.45° | 110.25° | 860 | 8.15 | 1 696.00 | 51.61 | 557.00 |
湖北星斗山 Mt. Xingdou, Hubei (XDS) | 30.02° | 109.12° | 839 | 8.19 | 1 772.00 | 60.22 | 568.00 |
湖南莽山 Mt. Mangshan, Hunan (MS) | 24.97° | 112.88° | 1 228 | 7.66 | 1 492.00 | 56.44 | 601.00 |
湖南张家界 Zhangjiajie, Hunan (ZJJ) | 29.32° | 110.42° | 1 118 | 7.91 | 1 591.00 | 62.14 | 556.00 |
江西金竹飞瀑 Jinzhufeipu, Jiangxi (JZFP) | 27.00° | 115.92° | 966 | 7.20 | 1 508.00 | 60.26 | 609.00 |
江西仙姑坛 Xiangutan, Jiangxi (XGT) | 28.45° | 114.38° | 1 364 | 6.86 | 1 405.00 | 62.72 | 591.00 |
台湾阿里山 Mt. Ali, Taiwan (ALS) | 23.50° | 120.80° | 1 182 | 8.20 | 3 747.00 | 80.66 | 1 780.00 |
叶表型性状 Leaf phenotypic trait | 种群 Population | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EMS | SNJ | XDS | MS | ZJJ | JZFP | XGT | ALS | 平均值 Mean | 变异系数 CV (%) | |
叶长 LL (mm) | 88.80 ± 22.85a | 79.08 ± 8.62b | 83.40 ± 17.18ab | 87.48 ± 11.27a | 89.63 ± 12.56a | 54.57 ± 12.41d | 62.87 ± 8.19c | 69.17 ± 9.14c | 76.94 | 23.61 |
叶宽 LW (mm) | 43.95 ± 8.73a | 37.15 ± 5.44bc | 33.90 ± 9.02c | 34.93 ± 4.96bc | 38.92 ± 8.12b | 22.64 ± 6.34e | 26.68 ± 4.44d | 37.43 ± 3.93bc | 34.45 | 26.39 |
叶长宽比 LWR | 2.01 ± 0.21c | 2.15 ± 0.19c | 2.50 ± 0.27ab | 2.53 ± 0.35a | 2.36 ± 0.38b | 2.44 ± 0.27ab | 2.37 ± 0.19b | 1.86 ± 0.14d | 2.28 | 14.93 |
叶柄长 PL (mm) | 11.84 ± 3.86a | 8.86 ± 1.49b | 7.59 ± 2.46cd | 11.10 ± 2.11a | 8.25 ± 1.60bc | 6.63 ± 1.35d | 8.53 ± 0.89bc | 7.54 ± 0.89cd | 8.80 | 29.92 |
叶面积 LA (mm2) | 2 746.99 ± 1 337.93a | 1 870.77 ± 476.40bc | 2 045.84 ± 1 040.24bc | 2 020.51 ± 516.34bc | 2 306.43 ± 829.25a | 890.91 ± 463.20f | 1 095.62 ± 295.07e | 1 826.66 ± 482.46d | 1 846.13 | 50.83 |
叶周长 LP (mm) | 213.94 ± 50.90a | 183.08 ± 21.64cd | 191.98 ± 44.07bc | 198.99 ± 24.00abc | 207.05 ± 32.44ab | 127.23 ± 29.26e | 146.15 ± 18.91d | 171.85 ± 22.61c | 179.81 | 23.77 |
叶形指数 LI | 0.73 ± 0.04b | 0.69 ± 0.05c | 0.65 ± 0.05d | 0.63 ± 0.06d | 0.65 ± 0.07d | 0.64 ± 0.06d | 0.63 ± 0.03d | 0.77 ± 0.03a | 0.67 | 8.90 |
一级侧脉数 PLV | 11.00 ± 0.46c | 12.00 ± 0.71b | 12.00 ± 1.32b | 12.00 ± 0.44b | 12.00 ± 0.70b | 12.00 ± 0.77b | 13.00 ± 0.46a | 13.00 ± 0.34a | 11.88 | 7.96 |
叶脉密度 VD | 0.06 ± 0.01d | 0.07 ± 0.01c | 0.07 ± 0.01c | 0.07 ± 0.01cd | 0.07 ± 0.03cd | 0.11 ± 0.01a | 0.10 ± 0.01b | 0.10 ± 0.01b | 0.08 | 24.42 |
叶尖夹角 AA (°) | 27.57 ± 3.42cd | 28.99 ± 3.5bc | 28.54 ± 4.36bc | 24.56 ± 2.79e | 31.02 ± 5.67b | 25.22 ± 7.02de | 22.99 ± 2.64e | 40.24 ± 4.46a | 28.64 | 22.87 |
叶基夹角 BA (°) | 114.47 ± 14.05b | 114.88 ± 11.04b | 113.87 ± 14.78b | 128.34 ± 8.24a | 103.60 ± 9.34c | 121.53 ± 17.54b | 116.68 ± 15.03b | 130.67 ± 13.33a | 116.72 | 13.31 |
平均值 Mean | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.44 |
Table 3 Variations of eleven leaf phenotypic traits among eight natural populations of Cerasus dielsiana
叶表型性状 Leaf phenotypic trait | 种群 Population | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EMS | SNJ | XDS | MS | ZJJ | JZFP | XGT | ALS | 平均值 Mean | 变异系数 CV (%) | |
叶长 LL (mm) | 88.80 ± 22.85a | 79.08 ± 8.62b | 83.40 ± 17.18ab | 87.48 ± 11.27a | 89.63 ± 12.56a | 54.57 ± 12.41d | 62.87 ± 8.19c | 69.17 ± 9.14c | 76.94 | 23.61 |
叶宽 LW (mm) | 43.95 ± 8.73a | 37.15 ± 5.44bc | 33.90 ± 9.02c | 34.93 ± 4.96bc | 38.92 ± 8.12b | 22.64 ± 6.34e | 26.68 ± 4.44d | 37.43 ± 3.93bc | 34.45 | 26.39 |
叶长宽比 LWR | 2.01 ± 0.21c | 2.15 ± 0.19c | 2.50 ± 0.27ab | 2.53 ± 0.35a | 2.36 ± 0.38b | 2.44 ± 0.27ab | 2.37 ± 0.19b | 1.86 ± 0.14d | 2.28 | 14.93 |
叶柄长 PL (mm) | 11.84 ± 3.86a | 8.86 ± 1.49b | 7.59 ± 2.46cd | 11.10 ± 2.11a | 8.25 ± 1.60bc | 6.63 ± 1.35d | 8.53 ± 0.89bc | 7.54 ± 0.89cd | 8.80 | 29.92 |
叶面积 LA (mm2) | 2 746.99 ± 1 337.93a | 1 870.77 ± 476.40bc | 2 045.84 ± 1 040.24bc | 2 020.51 ± 516.34bc | 2 306.43 ± 829.25a | 890.91 ± 463.20f | 1 095.62 ± 295.07e | 1 826.66 ± 482.46d | 1 846.13 | 50.83 |
叶周长 LP (mm) | 213.94 ± 50.90a | 183.08 ± 21.64cd | 191.98 ± 44.07bc | 198.99 ± 24.00abc | 207.05 ± 32.44ab | 127.23 ± 29.26e | 146.15 ± 18.91d | 171.85 ± 22.61c | 179.81 | 23.77 |
叶形指数 LI | 0.73 ± 0.04b | 0.69 ± 0.05c | 0.65 ± 0.05d | 0.63 ± 0.06d | 0.65 ± 0.07d | 0.64 ± 0.06d | 0.63 ± 0.03d | 0.77 ± 0.03a | 0.67 | 8.90 |
一级侧脉数 PLV | 11.00 ± 0.46c | 12.00 ± 0.71b | 12.00 ± 1.32b | 12.00 ± 0.44b | 12.00 ± 0.70b | 12.00 ± 0.77b | 13.00 ± 0.46a | 13.00 ± 0.34a | 11.88 | 7.96 |
叶脉密度 VD | 0.06 ± 0.01d | 0.07 ± 0.01c | 0.07 ± 0.01c | 0.07 ± 0.01cd | 0.07 ± 0.03cd | 0.11 ± 0.01a | 0.10 ± 0.01b | 0.10 ± 0.01b | 0.08 | 24.42 |
叶尖夹角 AA (°) | 27.57 ± 3.42cd | 28.99 ± 3.5bc | 28.54 ± 4.36bc | 24.56 ± 2.79e | 31.02 ± 5.67b | 25.22 ± 7.02de | 22.99 ± 2.64e | 40.24 ± 4.46a | 28.64 | 22.87 |
叶基夹角 BA (°) | 114.47 ± 14.05b | 114.88 ± 11.04b | 113.87 ± 14.78b | 128.34 ± 8.24a | 103.60 ± 9.34c | 121.53 ± 17.54b | 116.68 ± 15.03b | 130.67 ± 13.33a | 116.72 | 13.31 |
平均值 Mean | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.44 |
叶表型性状 Leaf phenotypic trait | 均方 Mean square | F值 F value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
种群间 Among polulations | 种群内 Within polulations | 随机误差 Random errors | 种群间 Among polulations | 种群内 Within polulations | |
LL (mm) | 174.11 | 333.09 | 203.98 | 23.41** | 44.79** |
LW (mm) | 41.10 | 83.58 | 47.29 | 27.00** | 54.91** |
LWR | 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.07 | 21.94** | 16.46** |
PL (mm) | 6.80 | 18.95 | 4.21 | 19.45** | 54.20** |
LA (mm2) | 442 870.00 | 889 674.00 | 636 437.00 | 16.55** | 33.25** |
LP (mm) | 262.46 | 1 858.26 | 1 160.49 | 22.60** | 117.18** |
LI | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 24.74** | 11.63** |
PLV | 3.46 | 0.84 | 0.47 | 23.06** | 5.60 |
VD | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 43.74** | 55.25** |
AA (°) | 30.31 | 42.98 | 19.13 | 39.61** | 56.17** |
BA (°) | 905.20 | 227.54 | 159.85 | 10.97** | 2.76 |
Table 4 Nested variance analysis of eleven leaf phenotypic traits among eight natural populations of Cerasus dielsiana
叶表型性状 Leaf phenotypic trait | 均方 Mean square | F值 F value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
种群间 Among polulations | 种群内 Within polulations | 随机误差 Random errors | 种群间 Among polulations | 种群内 Within polulations | |
LL (mm) | 174.11 | 333.09 | 203.98 | 23.41** | 44.79** |
LW (mm) | 41.10 | 83.58 | 47.29 | 27.00** | 54.91** |
LWR | 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.07 | 21.94** | 16.46** |
PL (mm) | 6.80 | 18.95 | 4.21 | 19.45** | 54.20** |
LA (mm2) | 442 870.00 | 889 674.00 | 636 437.00 | 16.55** | 33.25** |
LP (mm) | 262.46 | 1 858.26 | 1 160.49 | 22.60** | 117.18** |
LI | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 24.74** | 11.63** |
PLV | 3.46 | 0.84 | 0.47 | 23.06** | 5.60 |
VD | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 43.74** | 55.25** |
AA (°) | 30.31 | 42.98 | 19.13 | 39.61** | 56.17** |
BA (°) | 905.20 | 227.54 | 159.85 | 10.97** | 2.76 |
叶表型性状 Leaf phenotypic trait | 方差分量 Variance component | 方差分量百分比 Percentage of variance component (%) | 表型分化系数 Phenotype differentiation coefficient (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
种群间 Among populations | 种群内 Within populations | 随机误差 Random errors | 种群间 Among populations | 种群内 Within populations | 随机误差 Random Errors | ||
LL (mm) | 6.359 | 25.822 | 13.324 | 13.98 | 56.75 | 29.28 | 19.76 |
LW (mm) | 1.699 | 7.259 | 3.343 | 13.81 | 59.01 | 27.18 | 18.97 |
LWR | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.005 | 29.27 | 60.67 | 29.27 | 14.22 |
PL (mm) | 0.486 | 0.517 | 0.272 | 38.13 | 40.54 | 21.33 | 48.47 |
LA (mm2) | 17 872.160 | 50 647.400 | 35 586.960 | 17.17 | 48.65 | 34.18 | 26.08 |
LP (mm) | 63.832 | 139.554 | 74.330 | 22.98 | 50.25 | 26.76 | 31.38 |
LI | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.000 | 22.49 | 55.32 | 22.19 | 28.91 |
PLV | 0.105 | 0.075 | 0.034 | 15.74 | 35.19 | 15.74 | 58.23 |
VD | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 12.69 | 65.29 | 22.02 | 16.27 |
AA (°) | 0.507 | 4.771 | 1.719 | 7.25 | 68.18 | 24.57 | 9.61 |
BA (°) | 22.105 | 13.537 | 9.101 | 54.49 | 27.21 | 18.30 | 66.69 |
平均值 Mean | - | - | - | 22.55 | 51.55 | 24.62 | 30.78 |
Table 5 Variance component and phenotypic differentiation coefficient of leaf phenotypic traits among Cerasus dielsiana populations
叶表型性状 Leaf phenotypic trait | 方差分量 Variance component | 方差分量百分比 Percentage of variance component (%) | 表型分化系数 Phenotype differentiation coefficient (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
种群间 Among populations | 种群内 Within populations | 随机误差 Random errors | 种群间 Among populations | 种群内 Within populations | 随机误差 Random Errors | ||
LL (mm) | 6.359 | 25.822 | 13.324 | 13.98 | 56.75 | 29.28 | 19.76 |
LW (mm) | 1.699 | 7.259 | 3.343 | 13.81 | 59.01 | 27.18 | 18.97 |
LWR | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.005 | 29.27 | 60.67 | 29.27 | 14.22 |
PL (mm) | 0.486 | 0.517 | 0.272 | 38.13 | 40.54 | 21.33 | 48.47 |
LA (mm2) | 17 872.160 | 50 647.400 | 35 586.960 | 17.17 | 48.65 | 34.18 | 26.08 |
LP (mm) | 63.832 | 139.554 | 74.330 | 22.98 | 50.25 | 26.76 | 31.38 |
LI | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.000 | 22.49 | 55.32 | 22.19 | 28.91 |
PLV | 0.105 | 0.075 | 0.034 | 15.74 | 35.19 | 15.74 | 58.23 |
VD | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 12.69 | 65.29 | 22.02 | 16.27 |
AA (°) | 0.507 | 4.771 | 1.719 | 7.25 | 68.18 | 24.57 | 9.61 |
BA (°) | 22.105 | 13.537 | 9.101 | 54.49 | 27.21 | 18.30 | 66.69 |
平均值 Mean | - | - | - | 22.55 | 51.55 | 24.62 | 30.78 |
叶表型性状 Leaf phenotypic trait | 主成分 Main components | 叶表型性状 Leaf phenotypic trait | 主成分 Main components | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PC1 | PC2 | PC3 | PC1 | PC2 | PC3 | ||
LL (mm) | 0.312 | -0.093 | -0.268 | PLV | -0.020 | 0.071 | 0.021 |
LW (mm) | 0.367 | 0.149 | 0.163 | VD | -0.332 | 0.182 | 0.302 |
LWR | -0.055 | -0.242 | -0.431 | AA (°) | 0.109 | 0.604 | 0.244 |
PL (mm) | 0.186 | -0.667 | 0.650 | BA (°) | 0.022 | 0.102 | 0.242 |
LA (mm2) | 0.706 | 0.117 | -0.027 | 特征值 Eigenvalue | 0.092 | 0.015 | 0.011 |
LP (mm) | 0.327 | -0.039 | -0.139 | 贡献率 Variance contribution rate (%) | 73.242 | 11.319 | 7.839 |
LI | 0.051 | 0.195 | 0.251 | 累计贡献率 Cumulative Contribution rate (%) | 73.242 | 84.561 | 92.400 |
Table 6 Principal component analysis of leaf phenotypic traits of Cerasus dielsiana
叶表型性状 Leaf phenotypic trait | 主成分 Main components | 叶表型性状 Leaf phenotypic trait | 主成分 Main components | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PC1 | PC2 | PC3 | PC1 | PC2 | PC3 | ||
LL (mm) | 0.312 | -0.093 | -0.268 | PLV | -0.020 | 0.071 | 0.021 |
LW (mm) | 0.367 | 0.149 | 0.163 | VD | -0.332 | 0.182 | 0.302 |
LWR | -0.055 | -0.242 | -0.431 | AA (°) | 0.109 | 0.604 | 0.244 |
PL (mm) | 0.186 | -0.667 | 0.650 | BA (°) | 0.022 | 0.102 | 0.242 |
LA (mm2) | 0.706 | 0.117 | -0.027 | 特征值 Eigenvalue | 0.092 | 0.015 | 0.011 |
LP (mm) | 0.327 | -0.039 | -0.139 | 贡献率 Variance contribution rate (%) | 73.242 | 11.319 | 7.839 |
LI | 0.051 | 0.195 | 0.251 | 累计贡献率 Cumulative Contribution rate (%) | 73.242 | 84.561 | 92.400 |
叶表型性状 Leaf phenotypic trait | 纬度 Latitude (N) | 经度 Longitude (E) | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 气温季节变化Temperature seasonality bio4 (SD × 100) | 年降水量 Annual precipitation bio12 (mm) | 最湿季降水量 Precipitation of wettest quarter bio16 (mm) | 最暖季降水量 Precipitation of warmest quarter bio18 (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LL (mm) | 0.163 | -0.554 | 0.091 | -0.613* | -0.008 | 0.221 | -0.017 |
LW (mm) | 0.284 | -0.641* | 0.176 | 0.545 | 0.002 | 0.443 | 0.057 |
LWR | -0.363 | 0.431 | -0.260 | -0.098 | -0.028 | -0.600* | -0.175 |
PL (mm) | -0.094 | -0.469 | 0.430 | 0.006 | -0.151 | 0.482 | 0.040 |
LA (mm2) | 0.227 | -0.658* | 0.162 | 0.551 | -0.016 | 0.459 | 0.037 |
LP (mm) | 0.184 | -0.593 | 0.141 | 0.585 | -0.009 | 0.315 | 0.008 |
LI | 0.347 | -0.535 | 0.093 | 0.340 | 0.084 | 0.651* | 0.206 |
PLV | -0.248 | 0.659* | 0.087 | -0.395 | 0.118 | -0.499 | 0.017 |
VD | -0.220 | 0.590 | -0.035 | 0.651* | 0.007 | -0.222 | 0.018 |
AA (°) | 0.324 | -0.249 | -0.429 | 0.809** | 0.303 | 0.127 | 0.181 |
BA (°) | -0.478 | 0.168 | 0.277 | -0.090 | 0.059 | -0.075 | 0.121 |
Table 7 Person correlation analysis among leaf phenotypic traits and geographic-climatic factors of Cerasus dielsiana
叶表型性状 Leaf phenotypic trait | 纬度 Latitude (N) | 经度 Longitude (E) | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 气温季节变化Temperature seasonality bio4 (SD × 100) | 年降水量 Annual precipitation bio12 (mm) | 最湿季降水量 Precipitation of wettest quarter bio16 (mm) | 最暖季降水量 Precipitation of warmest quarter bio18 (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LL (mm) | 0.163 | -0.554 | 0.091 | -0.613* | -0.008 | 0.221 | -0.017 |
LW (mm) | 0.284 | -0.641* | 0.176 | 0.545 | 0.002 | 0.443 | 0.057 |
LWR | -0.363 | 0.431 | -0.260 | -0.098 | -0.028 | -0.600* | -0.175 |
PL (mm) | -0.094 | -0.469 | 0.430 | 0.006 | -0.151 | 0.482 | 0.040 |
LA (mm2) | 0.227 | -0.658* | 0.162 | 0.551 | -0.016 | 0.459 | 0.037 |
LP (mm) | 0.184 | -0.593 | 0.141 | 0.585 | -0.009 | 0.315 | 0.008 |
LI | 0.347 | -0.535 | 0.093 | 0.340 | 0.084 | 0.651* | 0.206 |
PLV | -0.248 | 0.659* | 0.087 | -0.395 | 0.118 | -0.499 | 0.017 |
VD | -0.220 | 0.590 | -0.035 | 0.651* | 0.007 | -0.222 | 0.018 |
AA (°) | 0.324 | -0.249 | -0.429 | 0.809** | 0.303 | 0.127 | 0.181 |
BA (°) | -0.478 | 0.168 | 0.277 | -0.090 | 0.059 | -0.075 | 0.121 |
Fig. 1 Relationships between leaf phenotypic traits and geographic-climatic factors of the eight natural populations of Cerasus dielsiana. A, Output from principal coordinate analysis. B, Output from unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean cluster analysis. ALS, Mt. Ali, Taiwan. EMS, Mt. Emei, Sichuan; JZFP, Jinzhufeipu, Jiangxi; MS, Mt. Mangshan, Hunan; SNJ, Shennongjia, Hubei; XDS, Mt. Xingdou; Hubei; XGT, Xiangutan, Jiangxi; ZJJ, Zhangjiajie, Hunan.
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