A set of methodologies for urban vegetation classification and mapping are suggested. The urban vegetation classification system was established based on the acquirement method of urban vegetation information and eco-physiognomy classification principle.

Quantitative classification(TWINSPAN) and ordination (DCA) methods were used to study the distribution patterns of 60 species of bryophytes occurring in 60 sites in Bogda Mountain, Xinjiang. TWINSPAN results showed that the bryophyte communities of Bogda

The Kunluns, the Karakorums and the Himalayas converge and form a great group of mountains to the north-west of the Tibetan Plateau. The Sino-Pakistan Highway crosses these mountains. The vegetation along the highway shows remarkable variation. Shrub dese

The agro_system of a semi-arid belt is characterized by strong fluctuation. Based on the power spectra, precipitation and number of livestock only cycle in phase in three-year and six-year quasi-periods in the study area. The Cυ for the protein and calorie yield decreases east, north and west from the highest region of upland, which reflects the spatial fluctuation of the agro-system. The transfer of fluctuation of factors driven by rain is as follows: in the whole area the Cυ of yield for grain, calorie and protein is 1.5 times higher than 23％ of rain, that for livestock accounts for only 60% of the rain, but the Cυ for the output value of agriculture maintaining the same level as rain is lower than that of the yields above. There is a spatial difference in Cυ between the north and the south. The Cυ of the output value of agriculture in the pastoral zone is only half that of the rain, but in the agro-pastoral interleaving zone it is 1.6 times higher than that of rain. The correlation analysis also shows that precipitation and grain output influence the change in livestock during both this and next year.

The contribution of root respiration to total soil respiration was examined in a grazed steppe grassland in Inner Mongolia. From respiration data based on CO2 uptake by NaOH and corresponding root biomass values for each of 10 plots, a linear regression o

We compared internode length, nodes per spacer, spacer length, branching intensity, branching angle, frequency distribution of internode length, frequency distribution of spacer length, ramet population density and ramet height of Leymus chinensis among t

A comparative study of the reproductive allocation of above ground biomass, nutrient elements (total C, total N, total P) and energy (calorific value) in mutual species such as Stipa grandis, Leymus chinensis, Cleistogenes squarrosa, Lespedeza dahurica an

The size_dependent reproductive allocation of the perennial natural populations of Ligularia virgaurea in different habitats and population densities was studied in the present paper. The results, not only at a population level but also at an individual l

Seed dispersal plays an important role in subsequent spatial patterns of seed banks and seedlings. The spatial variation of seed dispersal of Manchurian ash (Fraxinus mandshurica), mainly from seed rain, was estimated using geostatistical methods in two p

Ectomycorrhizal formations on the roots of Quercus liaotungensis were studied on seedlings germinated and grown in pots in a greenhouse environment. Ectomycorrhizal fungi observed were Gomphidius viscidus, Russula foetens, Suillus grevillei, S. luteus, Pi

It was investigated for the responses of morphology and growth of Artemisia ordosica Krasch.， Salix psammophila C. Wang et Ch. Y. Yang， Hedysarum mongolicum Turcz.， and Caragana intermedia Kuang et H.C.Fu, four dominant plants in Maowusu sandland, to simu

Measured radiation within the canopy of a Chinese fir plantation was used to validate an established canopy radiation model for even-aged plantations. Uncertainties and the impacts of leaf area density （LAD） distribution and scattered radiation were also

The concentrations, accumulation, distribution and biological cycling of 5 nutrient elements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) in Pinus massoniana stands of different age classes were studied. The results show that nutrient concentrations were the highest in needles and

In this paper the species composition, community structure, biomass and species biodiversity of a Typha latifolia wetland at Shaoguan in Guangdong Province (South China) was investigated. The major results are as follows: 1) nintyeight species belonging t

The extent to which a community was invaded by alien species is often evaluated by invasibility, which can be affected by the mortality of exotic species, climate, the properties of the native species, the level of disturbance, and the ecosystem's resista

The “Natural forest resource protection” and “Return farmland to forestry” projects are two ecological projects launched by Chinese government to greatly adjust the production scale of both afforestation and the forest industry within the whole land area

The solo economic structure in collective forest areas and the high tax policy on wood processing causes the reliance of local financial and forestry development on wood processing. Economic development in collective forest area faces challenges in implem