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Table of Content
    Volume 24 Issue 6
    10 June 2000
      
    Research Articles
    Effects of Long-Term Variability of Plant Species and Functional Groups on Stability of a Leymus chinensis Community in the Xilin River Basin, Inner Mongolia
    BAI Yong-Fei, CHEN Zuo-Zhong
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  641-647. 
    Abstract ( 2327 )   PDF (573KB) ( 1664 )   Save
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    The long-term variability of plant species, functional groups and compensatory effects between functional groups within a Leymus chinensis community were studied during 1980-1999 in the Xilin River Basin of Inner Mongolia. The results showed that long-term variability of aboveground biomass decreased from the plant species level to the functional group and community levels. Plant species and functional composition were the principal factors explaining the long-term variation in production of the community. There were obvious compensatory effects in the dynamics of biomass between perennial bunch grasses and perennial rhizome grasses and forbs, between xerads and intermediate xerads, and between intermediate mesophytes and mesophytes. Longterm variability in the biomass of populations seems to depend on the sensitivity of species to environmental fluctuations and amplification of environmental fluctuations by interactions among species. Biodiversity may increase community stability by promoting diversity among species due to their differentiated responses to environmental fluctuations, and by compensatory effects among plant functional groups.
    Responses of d13c Value and Water Use Effieicency of Plant Species to Environmental Gradients Along the Grassland Zone of Northeast China Transect
    Su Bo, Han Xing-Guo, Li Ling-Hao, Huang Jian-Hui, Bai Yong-Fei, Qu Chun-Mei
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  648-655. 
    Abstract ( 3162 )   PDF (642KB) ( 1205 )   Save
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    Leaf δ13C values were measured in fifteen plant species along the grassland zone of the Northeast China Transect (NECT). The responses of δ13C values and long-term water use efficiency (WUE) as indicated by δ13C value of these species to environmental factors (annual average precipitation, annual average air temperature and altitude) were investigated. The δ13C value and WUE of many plant species decreased with increasing annual average precipitation and air temperature. Examples of such species include :Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. , Ulmus pumila L. , Caragana microphylla Lam. , Astragalus adsurgens Pall. , Sanguisorba officinalis L. and Potentila tanacetifolia Willd. ex Schlecht. Other species show an increase in δ13C and WUE with increasing altitude (Melissitus ruthenicus (L.) Peschkova, Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. , Ulmus pumila L. , Caragana microphylla Lam. , Astragalus adsurgens Pall. and Sanguisorba officinalis L. , for instance). By contrast, a few plant species (Lespedeza davurica(Laxm. ) Schindl. and Serratula centauroides L. ) showed an opposite trend. Finally several species showed no change in δ13C value or WUE with these environmental factors (e. g. Astragalus dahuricus (Pall.) DC. , Caragana intermedia Kuang et H. C. Fu, Caragana stenophylla Pojark. , Artemisia frigida Willd. , Astragalus scaberrimus Bunge, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch .). These results demonstrate strong differences in the responses of water use status to environmental gradients among different plant species and that each species has its own adaptive strategy to environmental change. When considering restoration of degraded grassland it is important to consider variation between plant species in their potential to adapt to dry habitats.

    Patch Dynamics of Alkaline leymus chinensis Grassland Under Grazed and Ungrazed Conditions
    XIN Xiao-Ping, YANG Zheng-Yu, TIAN Xin-Zhi, GAO Qiong
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  656-661. 
    Abstract ( 2377 )   PDF (569KB) ( 1017 )   Save
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    Modeling the Spatial Pattern of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Under a Post- Nomadic Sedentary Grazing System
    LIU Xian-Hua, CHEN Zuo-Zhong, Tsuyoshi Akiyama, MO Wen-hong, Ayumi Fukuo
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  662-666. 
    Abstract ( 2521 )   PDF (385KB) ( 1478 )   Save
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    Changes in Plant Species Diversity and Productivity Along Gradients of Precipitation and Elevation in the Xilin River Basin, Inner Mongolia
    Bai Yong-Fei, LI Ling-Hao, WANG Qi-Bing, ZHANG Li-Xia, ZHANG Yan, CHEN Zuo-Zhong
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  667-673. 
    Abstract ( 2379 )   PDF (578KB) ( 1346 )   Save
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    Changes in plant species diversity and productivity along gradients of precipitation and elevation were studied in the Xilin River Basin, Inner Mongolia using a transect approach. Species richness ,diversity, productivity were negatively correlated with mean annual temperature, ≥10℃ cumulative temperature, and aridity. Inverse relationships were also found between species richness ,diversity, productivity and precipitation, elevation, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content. The species richness ,Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and productivity of the communities declined with a decreasing elevation, precipitation, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content, and with increasing mean annual temperature and aridity. The effects of the land use type and intensity were also very strong.
    Effects of Simulated Climate Change on the Decomposition of Mixed Litter in Three Steppe Communities
    WANG Qi-Bing, LI Ling-Hao, BAI Yong-Fei, LI Xin
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  674-679. 
    Abstract ( 2126 )   PDF (479KB) ( 1139 )   Save
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    The objectives of this study were to assess the potential effects of climate change on the decomposition of mixed litter from three steppe communities dominated by Stipa baicalensis, Leymus chinensis,and S. grandis, respectively. We applied the buried bag method along an altitudinal temperature gradient to investigate the potential effect of climate change on litter decomposition. Under current climatic conditions, if the mean air temperature rises 2.7℃ and no change occurs in precipitation, the decomposition rates of the three litter mixtures will increase 15.4%, 35.8% and 6.7%, respectively. If mean air temperature increases by 2.2℃ or more in combination with a 20% or more fall in precipitation, then the decomposition rates of these litter mixtures will decrease. Different responses of decomposition to simulated climate change were observed among the three litter mixtures used in the study. The results contrasted to those reported by other researchers who found close relationships between decomposition rates, the C, N content and C/N ratio of litter mixtures.
    Soil Respiration of a Leymus chinensis Grassland Stand in the Xilin River Basin as Affected by Over-Grazing and Climate
    LI Ling-Hao, WANG Qi-Bing, BAI Yong-Fei, ZHOU Guang-Sheng
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  680-686. 
    Abstract ( 2594 )   PDF (575KB) ( 1677 )   Save
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    Field Experimental Studies on the Effects of Climate Change on Nitrogen Mineralization of Meadow Steppe Soil
    WANG Qi-Bing, LI Ling-Hao, BAI Yong-Fei
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  687-692. 
    Abstract ( 2135 )   PDF (486KB) ( 1688 )   Save
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    We assessed the potential impact of global warming on rates of net ammonification, net nitrification and net mineralization of soil nitrogen by transferring intact soil cores (0-15 cm) from 1469 m higher-elevation meadow steppe to 1187 m and 960 m lower-elevation sites respectively in the Xilin River Basin of Inner Mongolia. After incubation for one growing season, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen (including nitrite nitrogen) of the soil samples were determined. The annual mean air temperature at the three selected study sites during the field study was, from higher-to lower-elevation, -0.5℃, 2.2℃ and 4.4℃ respectively. Affected by these different air temperature regimes, the net ammonification rate was 0.05 mgN·kg-1·m-1, 0.13 mgN·kg-1·m-1, 1.09mgN·kg-1·m-1. Correspondingly,the net nitrification rate was respectively 0.05mgN·kg-1·m-1, 0.76 mgN·kg-1·m-1 and 0.26mgN·kg-1·m-1,and the net mineralization rate was 0.10mgN·kg-1·m-1, 0.89mgN ·kg-1·m-1 and 1.35 mg N·kg-1·m-1 in the soil transferred to the three sites. Hence we conclude that increasing air temperature will enhance soil N mineralization.

    Preliminary Results of a Study on CH4 Flux in Xilin River Basin Steppe Under Different Grazing Intensities
    WANG Yan-Fen, JI Bao-Ming, CHEN Zuo-Zhong, Dennis Ojima
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  693-696. 
    Abstract ( 1928 )   PDF (282KB) ( 932 )   Save
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    Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Study of Local Breeds in Chinese lfalfa
    HU Bao-Zhong, LIU Di, HU Guo-Fu, ZHANG A-Ying, JIANG Shu-Jun
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  697-701. 
    Abstract ( 2006 )   PDF (731KB) ( 851 )   Save
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    Fifteen-Year Changes of Tree Layer in Secondary Castanopsis Schima Humid Evergreen Broad Leaved Forest in Central Subtropics of Western China
    BAO Wei-Kai, LIU Zhao-Guang, LIU Chao-Lu, YUAN Ya-Fu, LIU Ren-Dong
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  702-709. 
    Abstract ( 2202 )   PDF (699KB) ( 1012 )   Save
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    Tree Population Mortality, Recruitment and Growth During a 15-Year Period of Secondary Succession in Tropical Montane Rainforests at Jianfengling, Hainan Island, China
    HUANG Shi-Neng, LI Yi-De, WANG Bo-Sun
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  710-717. 
    Abstract ( 2070 )   PDF (592KB) ( 1075 )   Save
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    Trees greater than 7.0 cm DBH were censused from 1984 to 1999 in two permanent plots in secondary-growth tropical montane rainforests to determine tree mortality, recruitment, and basal area growth. The two plots are regrowth from large-(Plot 8401) and small-scale cuts (Plot 8402). The 248 trees tagged in 1984 were grouped into two species types: common (≥5 trees/0.2 hm2) and uncommon, and were sorted according to DBH into three size groups: small, medium and large. Plot 8401, which suffered greater damage from typhoons and disturbance from human activities, showed higher species diversity than did Plot 8402. Tree density decreased by 0.3 % per year in Plot 8401, but increased by 0.9% in Plot 8402. The common species contributed to 10.7% and 10. 6% of recruitment, but accounted for 82.4% and 90.0% of mortality in Plot 8401 and Plot 8402, respectively. Tree mortality tended to decrease with tree size. Mortality of large trees (≥17.7 cm DBH) was significantly lower than for the all other trees. When different census periods were considered, there was a positive and significant relationship between the number of trees recruited and the number of trees that died, suggesting that tree recruitment was more frequent at times of greater tree mortality. Growth in total basal area was mainly affected by mortality of the common species and the rate of replacement that took place in the plots. The annual growth rate of total basal area was higher in Plot 8402 than in Plot 8401. We conclude that tree mortality, recruitment, and growth appeared to be dependent on the species type as defined. Population studies confined only to trees of dominant or pioneer species would probably fail to detect some important successional effects, such as we found in this study.
    Characteristics and Comparison of Spatial Heterogeneity of the Main Species of Korean Pine Old Growth Forests
    WANG Zheng-Quan, WANG Qing-Cheng, LI Ha-Bin
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  718-723. 
    Abstract ( 1998 )   PDF (508KB) ( 1428 )   Save
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    Spatial heterogeneity is important in the function and processes of ecological system at a variety of scales. In this paper we use geostatistical theory and methods, to study the degree, composition, scale and pattern of spatial heterogeneity in old growth forest of korean pine (Pinus koraiensis), spruce (Picea koraiensis), fir(Abies nephrolepis), birch (Betula costata) and linden (Tilia amurensis) in Northeastern China. The results show that there are high levels of variation in spatial heterogeneity and pattern between species even when the five species are growing in a single stand. Korean pine, for which autocorrelated spatial heterogeneity is a main component, has a high degree of spatial heterogeneity, with a low fractal pattern and strongest spatial pattern at the scale of 450 m. Birch, with small degrees of spatial heterogeneity and high fractal pattern, has no spatial pattern beyond the scale of 100 m due to its random spatial heterogeneity and and constant variation over all scales. Spruce and fir are typically found growing together and show similar spatial heterogeneity and patterns. Linden is an important company species of korean pine and its spatial heterogeneity and pattern are close to that of korean pine.
    Spatial and Temporal Holocene Vegetation Change From Alluvium Pollen Analysis in the Yinma River Basin of Hebei Province
    KONG Zhao-Chen, XU Qing-Hai, YANG Xiao-Lan, SUN Li-Ming, LIANG Wen-Dong
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  724-730. 
    Abstract ( 2256 )   PDF (572KB) ( 818 )   Save
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    Spatial and temporal changes in vegetation patterns of the Yinma River Basin were reconstructed using analysis of modern pollen-vegetation type relationships and a pollen core. This 4. 6 m alluvial section was collected Yanshen Port in Lulong county, Hebei province. Forest coverage in 11000-9000 aBP was about 10% and this increased to 20%-40% in 9000-4000 aBP. During 3000~2500 aBP the forest coverage decreased to 10%~20%. The large quantity of Picea and Abies pollen found about 9000 aBP, indicates that movement in the altitudinal zonation of vegetation occurred in Yinma River Basin at around this time.

    Phosphorus Uptake and Utilization Efficiency in Seedlings of Different Wheat Genotypes as Influenced by Water Supply at Low Soil Phosphorus Availability
    CAO Jing, ZHANG Fu-Suo
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  731-735. 
    Abstract ( 2168 )   PDF (422KB) ( 1054 )   Save
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    A 3 factorial pot experiment, with 2 phosphorus levels, 3 soil water contents and 4 winter wheat cultivars was designed to compare the P efficiency, P uptake efficiency and P use efficiency of different cultivars at Olsen-P 3.2 mg ·kg-1 of soil, and as influenced by soil water content. The results indicated that two cultivars, Xiaoyan54 and 81 (85), had high P-efficiency in Olsen-P 5~7 mg·kg-1 soil and did not show higher P efficiency (relative biomass of -P/+P condition) in lower available P soil at the seedling stage. Although P uptake efficiency in these two wheat cultivars were significantly higher than those in cultivars NC37 and Jing411, there was relatively lower P use efficiency in the Xiaoyan54 and 81(85) than that in Jing411. Therefore, no significant difference was observed among the four wheat cultivars. Soil water content had a substantial impact on P uptake and P use efficiency in all 4 cultivars.
    Toxic Effects of Anthracene on Three Species of Marine Microalgae
    HUANG Jian, LIU Xiang-Dong, TANG Xue-Xi, WANG Ren-Qing, LI Yong-Qi
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 2000, 24 (6):  736-738. 
    Abstract ( 2055 )   PDF (225KB) ( 818 )   Save
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    Analysis and Quantitative Simulation of Stomatal Conductance of Aneurolepidium chinense
    WANG Yu-Hui
    Chin J Plant Ecol. 2000, 24 (6):  739-743. 
    Abstract ( 1957 )   PDF (414KB) ( 1122 )   Save
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    The Effects of Increasing CO2, Temperature and Drought on the Chemical Composition of Wheat Leaves
    LAO Jian-Xiong, WANG Gen-Xuan
    Chin J Plant Ecol. 2000, 24 (6):  744-747. 
    Abstract ( 1962 )   PDF (347KB) ( 961 )   Save
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    A Contribution to the Reproductive Ecology of Dysosma veitchii
    MA Shao-Bin
    Chin J Plant Ecol. 2000, 24 (6):  748-753. 
    Abstract ( 2118 )   PDF (507KB) ( 924 )   Save
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    Dysosma veitchii most commonly occurs in a randomly, or patchy pattern in ever-green broad-leaved forests of shaded mountain slopes. This study investigated the reproductive ecology of three populations of this species under natural conditions. Reproduction in D. veitchii is restricted to a sexual strategy and sexual maturity is reached about 5-6 years after germination. Flower initiation occurs in the early August of the year prior to blossoming. By November, when vegetative growth ends, the mature morphology of the flower has formed: flowers pass winter and early spring in a dormant bud stage. While D. veitchii is autogamous, most plants do not produce fruit due to improper pollination and nutrition competition. Both gravity and ants act as short distance dispersal agents, while birds and rodents are long distance dispersal agents. In its natural environment, D. veitchii cannot propagate vegetatively, though attempts at vegetative propagation under artificial condition from root sections have been successful.

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