植物生态学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 255-263.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0260
李荣1, 党维1, 蔡靖1,3, 张硕新1,3, 姜在民2,*()
收稿日期:
2015-07-08
修回日期:
2016-01-17
出版日期:
2016-03-10
发布日期:
2016-03-25
通讯作者:
姜在民
基金资助:
Rong LI1, Wei DANG1, Jing CAI1,3, Shuo-Xin ZHANG1,3, Zai-Min JIANG2,*()
Received:
2015-07-08
Revised:
2016-01-17
Online:
2016-03-10
Published:
2016-03-25
Contact:
Zai-Min JIANG
摘要:
木质部栓塞脆弱性对干旱响应的研究已成为全球气候变化背景下的热点和重要内容。该文以6个耐旱树种刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)、沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)、榆树(Ulmus pumila)、元宝枫(Acer truncatum)、旱柳(Salix matsudana)、榛(Corylus heterophylla)为研究对象, 采用Cochard Cavitron离心机技术建立木质部栓塞脆弱曲线, 计算木质部栓塞脆弱性, 利用染色法、硅胶注射法等测定木质部导管直径、导管内径跨度、导管连接度、导管密度、导管长度和木质部密度, 探究木质部结构与栓塞脆弱性的关系, 区分6个耐旱树种木质部结构在抗栓塞性上的差异, 以期建立6个耐旱树种在木质部结构方面的抗栓塞性指标。结果表明: 6个耐旱树种木质部栓塞脆弱性大小为刺槐>榆树>沙棘>旱柳>元宝枫>榛, 其中, 刺槐、沙棘和榆树的栓塞脆弱曲线为“r”形, 而元宝枫、旱柳和榛的栓塞脆弱曲线为“s”形, 脆弱曲线为“r”形的树种与脆弱曲线为“s”形的树种栓塞脆弱性差异极显著(p < 0.01)。线性分析表明: 木质部结构影响各树种的栓塞脆弱性, 其中, 木质部密度影响最大(t = 0.702), 导管直径次之(t = 0.532), 导管长度影响最小(t = 0.010)。
李荣, 党维, 蔡靖, 张硕新, 姜在民. 6个耐旱树种木质部结构与栓塞脆弱性的关系. 植物生态学报, 2016, 40(3): 255-263. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0260
Rong LI, Wei DANG, Jing CAI, Shuo-Xin ZHANG, Zai-Min JIANG. Relationships between xylem structure and embolism vulnerability in six species of drought tolerance trees. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2016, 40(3): 255-263. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0260
图1 耐旱树种沙棘(*)、刺槐(○)、榆树(△)的栓塞脆弱曲线(“r”形)。
Fig. 1 The vulnerability curves of Hippophae rhamnoides (*), Robinia pseudoacacia (○) and Ulmus pumila (△) (“r” shape).
图2 耐旱树种元宝枫(△)、旱柳(◇)、榛(○)的栓塞脆弱曲线(“s”形)。
Fig. 2 The vulnerability curves of Acer truncatum (△), Salix matsudana (◇) and Corylus heterophylla (○) (“s” shape).
因子 Parameter | 耐旱树种 Drought tolerance trees | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
沙棘 Hippophae rhamnoides | 刺槐 Robinia pseudoacacia | 榆树 Ulmus pumila | 元宝枫 Acer truncatum | 旱柳 Salix matsudana | 榛 Corylus heterophylla | |
P50 (MPa) | -1.31 ± 0.183Ab | -0.22 ± 0.026Ac | -0.55 ± 0.064Ac | -2.64 ± 0.214Ba | -1.55 ± 0.103Bb | -2.84 ± 0.054Ba |
导管直径 Vessel diameter (μm) | 23.57 ± 0.579Ac | 56.96 ± 1.913Aa | 49.48 ± 1.206Aa | 31.26 ± 0.405Bb | 32.11 ± 0.415Bb | 26.81 ± 0.319Bc |
导管内径跨度 Conduit wall span (μm) | 40.10 ± 1.651Aa | 62.20 ± 0.905Ab | 58.07 ± 2.414Aa | 34.29 ± 0.729Bb | 36.19 ± 0.583Bc | 27.04 ± 0.749Bb |
导管密度 Number of vessels per unit area | 216.52 ± 0.006Ab | 32.22 ± 2.588Aa | 53.64 ± 0.011Aa | 143.55 ± 3.874Bb | 284.37 ± 0.015Bb | 270.11 ± 0.013Bb |
导管连接度 Contact fraction | 0.03 ± 0.006Aa | 0.02 ± 0.002Aa | 0.04 ± 0.004Aa | 0.13 ± 0.008Bb | 0.07 ± 0.007Bb | 0.10 ± 0.008Bb |
导管长度 Vessel length (cm) | 13.35 ± 0.827Ab | 20.55 ± 1.913Aa | 17.23 ± 0.834Aa | 3.08 ± 0.253Bc | 4.10 ± 0.397Bc | 3.23 ± 0.223Bc |
木质部密度 Wood density (g·cm-3) | 1.54 ± 0.086Aa | 1.17 ± 0.129Aa | 1.17 ± 0.062Aa | 1.42 ± 0.167Ba | 1.46 ± 0.209Ba | 0.83 ± 0.039Bb |
表1 6个耐旱树种50%导水率损失的压力值(P50)及木质部结构特征值(平均值±标准误差)
Table 1 The value of tension at 50% loss of conductivity (P50) and characteristic values of xylem structure of the six species (mean ± SE)
因子 Parameter | 耐旱树种 Drought tolerance trees | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
沙棘 Hippophae rhamnoides | 刺槐 Robinia pseudoacacia | 榆树 Ulmus pumila | 元宝枫 Acer truncatum | 旱柳 Salix matsudana | 榛 Corylus heterophylla | |
P50 (MPa) | -1.31 ± 0.183Ab | -0.22 ± 0.026Ac | -0.55 ± 0.064Ac | -2.64 ± 0.214Ba | -1.55 ± 0.103Bb | -2.84 ± 0.054Ba |
导管直径 Vessel diameter (μm) | 23.57 ± 0.579Ac | 56.96 ± 1.913Aa | 49.48 ± 1.206Aa | 31.26 ± 0.405Bb | 32.11 ± 0.415Bb | 26.81 ± 0.319Bc |
导管内径跨度 Conduit wall span (μm) | 40.10 ± 1.651Aa | 62.20 ± 0.905Ab | 58.07 ± 2.414Aa | 34.29 ± 0.729Bb | 36.19 ± 0.583Bc | 27.04 ± 0.749Bb |
导管密度 Number of vessels per unit area | 216.52 ± 0.006Ab | 32.22 ± 2.588Aa | 53.64 ± 0.011Aa | 143.55 ± 3.874Bb | 284.37 ± 0.015Bb | 270.11 ± 0.013Bb |
导管连接度 Contact fraction | 0.03 ± 0.006Aa | 0.02 ± 0.002Aa | 0.04 ± 0.004Aa | 0.13 ± 0.008Bb | 0.07 ± 0.007Bb | 0.10 ± 0.008Bb |
导管长度 Vessel length (cm) | 13.35 ± 0.827Ab | 20.55 ± 1.913Aa | 17.23 ± 0.834Aa | 3.08 ± 0.253Bc | 4.10 ± 0.397Bc | 3.23 ± 0.223Bc |
木质部密度 Wood density (g·cm-3) | 1.54 ± 0.086Aa | 1.17 ± 0.129Aa | 1.17 ± 0.062Aa | 1.42 ± 0.167Ba | 1.46 ± 0.209Ba | 0.83 ± 0.039Bb |
因子 Parameters | 系数 Coefficient | t |
---|---|---|
木质部密度 Wood density (g·cm-3) | 0.326 | 0.702 |
导管直径 Vessel diameter (μm) | 0.037 | 0.532 |
导管内径跨度 Conduit wall span (μm) | -0.071 | 0.306 |
导管密度 Number of vessels per unit area | -0.007 | 0.265 |
导管连接度 Contact fraction | -19.762 | 0.188 |
导管长度 Vessel length (cm) | -0.281 | 0.010 |
表2 6个耐旱树种木质部结构特征值对50%导水率损失的压力值(P50)的影响程度
Table 2 The significance in characteristic values of xylem structure to value of tension at 50% loss of conductivity (P50)
因子 Parameters | 系数 Coefficient | t |
---|---|---|
木质部密度 Wood density (g·cm-3) | 0.326 | 0.702 |
导管直径 Vessel diameter (μm) | 0.037 | 0.532 |
导管内径跨度 Conduit wall span (μm) | -0.071 | 0.306 |
导管密度 Number of vessels per unit area | -0.007 | 0.265 |
导管连接度 Contact fraction | -19.762 | 0.188 |
导管长度 Vessel length (cm) | -0.281 | 0.010 |
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