植物生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 938-945.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0055

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南墨江极小种群物种铁竹的种群结构与群落特征

喻丁香,杜凡(),石明,杨聪,代俊   

  1. 西南林业大学林学院, 昆明 650224
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-07 修回日期:2018-09-10 出版日期:2018-09-20 发布日期:2018-09-26
  • 通讯作者: 杜凡

Community characteristics and population structure of Ferrocalamus strictus, a rare species in Mojiang, Yunnan, China

YU Ding-Xiang,DU Fan(),SHI Ming,YANG Cong,DAI Jun   

  1. College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
  • Received:2018-03-07 Revised:2018-09-10 Online:2018-09-20 Published:2018-09-26
  • Contact: Fan DU

摘要:

铁竹(Ferrocalamus strictus)分布在云南南部局部区域, 其数量少, 分布范围狭窄, 为云南省极小种群物种。对铁竹野生种群结构及其所在群落特征进行研究可以为了解其濒危机制提供科学依据, 也可为其保护提供前期研究基础。该研究通过对墨江铁竹野生资源的调查, 从物种组成、种群密度、种群存活曲线和死亡因素等方面, 分析铁竹的种群结构及其所在群落特征。结果表明: (1)墨江铁竹种群所在群落的外貌、物种组成均具有山地雨林的特征; (2)墨江铁竹种群密度为2.04株·m -2; 铁竹种群的存活曲线介于Deevey-I型和Deevey-II型之间; 铁竹种群的净增殖率(R0)为1.10, 表明铁竹种群处于增长阶段; (3)导致铁竹死亡的原因有人为砍伐、自然枯立、退笋及昆虫啃食, 其中人为砍伐所占比例最大; (4)铁竹为南亚热带森林竹种, 属中型竹类, 节间长度从基部3-4节起突然伸长, 最长超过1 m, 在竹类植物中居于前列, 这与其适应热带山地雨林环境密切相关。

关键词: 铁竹, 物种组成, 种群数量, 节间特征, 墨江

Abstract:

Aims As an endangered wild species with extremely small populations, Ferrocalamus strictusis narrowly distributed in South Yunnan with a small number of individuals. The survey of population structure and community characteristics of the wild population of F. strictus can facilitate understanding its endangered system and mechanisms and provide preliminary research basis for its protection.

Methods We investigated the community and population structure of F. strictus, including species composition, population density, population survivorship curve and death factors by plot surveying and sampling.

Important findings The community in which population of F. strictus is located in Mojiang has some characteristics of mountain rainforests in terms of appearance and species composition. The population density of F. strictus was 2.04 ind.·m -2. The survivorship curve of F. strictus was between Deevey-I and Deevey-II. The net proliferation rate (R0) of F. strictus population was 1.10, which indicates an expanding population of F. strictus. The death of F. strictusis caused by human logging, natural death, shoot degradation and insects feeding. Among them, artificial cutting accounts for the largest proportion. Ferrocalamus strictus is a species of forest bamboos distributed in the South Asian subtropics, which is a medium-sized bamboo species. Its internode length change suddenly from the base 3-4 nodes. The longest ones exceed 1 m, which ranks at the top of all bamboo species and is closely related to its adaptation to the tropical mountain rainforest environment.

Key words: Ferrocalamus strictus, species composition, population size, internode characteristic, Mojiang