紫花苜蓿秋眠性对低温驯化过程与越冬耐寒适应的作用机理

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0061

植物生态学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 635-648.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0061

• • 上一篇

紫花苜蓿秋眠性对低温驯化过程与越冬耐寒适应的作用机理

刘志英¹, 李西良¹, 李峰¹, 王宗礼^1,^2,^*(), 孙启忠^1,^*()

¹中国农业科学院草原研究所, 呼和浩特 010010
²农业部畜牧业司, 北京 100125

收稿日期:2015-01-17 接受日期:2015-03-31 出版日期:2015-06-01 发布日期:2015-07-02
通讯作者: 王宗礼,孙启忠
作者简介:
*作者简介:E-mail:dengchuanyuan@163.com
基金资助:
基金项目中国农业科学院科技创新工程、公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201203042)、现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-35)和内蒙古自治区科技重大专项

Mechanisms underlying the effects of fall dormancy on the cold acclimation and winter hard- iness of Medicago sativa

LIU Zhi-Ying¹, LI Xi-Liang¹, LI Feng¹, WANG Zong-Li^1,^2,^*(), SUN Qi-Zhong^1,^*()

¹Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010, China
²Animal Husbandry Department, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Beijing 100125, China

Received:2015-01-17 Accepted:2015-03-31 Online:2015-06-01 Published:2015-07-02
Contact: Zong-Li WANG,Qi-Zhong SUN
About author:
# Co-first authors

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)是全球性的栽培牧草, 因其秋眠性强弱而导致的抗寒性差异为深刻解析植物耐寒适应的进化生态学机制提供了一个很好的研究模式。作为多年生豆科植物, 秋眠性是紫花苜蓿适应晚秋日照缩短、温度降低, 以及提高越冬存活率的一种生长特性。秋眠性的形成与几千年来紫花苜蓿在全球的传播扩展和栽培利用有关, 长期处于不同的气候生境, 导致秋眠性的适应进化, 这为人类利用提供了丰富的遗传资源。根据秋眠性的强弱, 学术界目前将之分为11个等级。一般而言, 秋眠性的强弱影响了紫花苜蓿的低温驯化与越冬耐寒适应等过程, 导致不同品种间的抗寒性存在差异。迄今, 关于秋眠性的光温调控, 以及秋眠性影响低温驯化的生理生态过程研究较多, 而对相关的细胞信号转导与基因表达调控途径, 尤其是对秋眠性如何影响越冬紫花苜蓿抗冻蛋白作用等耐寒适应的分子机制, 尚知之甚少。针对目前研究中存在的问题, 该文提出了未来需要重点关注的科学问题。

关键词: 秋眠性, 抗寒性, 低温驯化, 越冬率, 紫花苜蓿

Abstract:

As a global planting forage legume, alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is a valuable material to study the evolutionary and ecological mechanisms on plant adaptation to freezing due to their contrasting winter hardiness induced by fall dormancy (FD). This paper reveals that FD is an important growth characteristic that is adaptative to short-day and reducing temperature in late autumn, followed by a higher overwintering rate. Alfalfa cultivars are grouped into 11 FD ratings (numbered from 1 to 11), and this phenomenon is related to the extensive spread and cultivation for thousands of years in the globe. Alfalfa cultivars are under different climate habitats for a long time, leading to FD adaptive evolution, which provides rich genetic resources for human. In general, adaptative process associated with cold acclimation and winter hardiness in alfalfa is affected by FD, thus differences in winter hardiness exist among alfalfa cultivars. So far, regulation of FD by light and temperature and effects of FD on physiological and ecological processes involved in cold acclimation have been reported largely. However, signal transduction and the regulatory network associated with gene expression, especially the molecular mechanisms by which antifreeze proteins function in cold adaptation, are still poorly understood. Several scientific problems that need to be addressed in the future studies are highlighted in this review.

Key words: fall dormancy, winter hardiness, cold acclimation, overwintering rate, Medicago sativa

刘志英, 李西良, 李峰, 王宗礼, 孙启忠. 紫花苜蓿秋眠性对低温驯化过程与越冬耐寒适应的作用机理. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(6): 635-648. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0061

LIU Zhi-Ying,LI Xi-Liang,LI Feng,WANG Zong-Li,SUN Qi-Zhong. Mechanisms underlying the effects of fall dormancy on the cold acclimation and winter hard- iness of Medicago sativa. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(6): 635-648. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0061

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0061

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2015/V39/I6/635

图/表 3

图1 紫花苜蓿在全球的主要传播路径及其历史轨迹。根据相关文献(Hanson et al., 1988; Michaud et al., 1988; Warburton & Smith, 1993; Bauchan & Hossain, 2001; Segovia-Lerma et al., 2004; Muller et al., 2006; 洪绂曾, 2009; 李平等, 2012)重绘。不同线条代表紫花苜蓿从伊朗(●)向全球传播的不同路径, 图中数据为紫花苜蓿传入的地点及时间(BC, 公元前; AD, 公元)。

Fig. 1 Main spread paths of alfalfa globally and its historical trace. The figure was redrawn according to the related literatures (Hanson et al., 1988; Michaud et al., 1988; Warburton & Smith, 1993; Bauchan & Hossain, 2001; Segovia-Lerma et al., 2004; Muller et al., 2006; Hong, 2009; Li et al., 2012). Different lines represented different spread paths of alfalfa from Iran (●) to the world, the data in the figure showed the place and date of alfalfa introduction (BC, before Christ; AD, anno Domini).

图2 紫花苜蓿秋眠性对低温驯化与越冬耐寒适应可能的作用过程。

Fig. 2 Possible function process of fall dormancy and its control on the cold acclimation and winter hardiness of alfalfa.

图3 表观遗传和转录因子在植物冷信号应答中的作用。根据相关文献(Bruce et al., 2007; Santos et al., 2011; Grativol et al., 2012)重绘。

Fig. 3 The role of epigenetics and transcription factors in plant response to cold signal. The figure was redrawn according to the related literatures (Bruce et al., 2007; Santos et al., 2011; Grativol et al., 2012).

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紫花苜蓿秋眠性对低温驯化过程与越冬耐寒适应的作用机理

Mechanisms underlying the effects of fall dormancy on the cold acclimation and winter hard- iness of Medicago sativa

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