利用15N示踪技术研究木荷与马尾松幼苗叶片对NO2的吸收与分配

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0085

植物生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 114-122.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0085

所属专题：稳定同位素生态学

利用¹⁵N示踪技术研究木荷与马尾松幼苗叶片对NO₂的吸收与分配

姚萌¹^,², 康荣华¹^,³^,^*(), 王盎¹^,³, 马方园⁴, 李靳¹, 台子晗¹^,², 方运霆¹^,³

¹中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林生态与管理重点实验室, 沈阳 110016
²中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
³辽宁省稳定同位素技术重点实验室, 沈阳 110016
⁴福建农林大学资源与环境学院土壤环境健康与调控福建省重点实验室, 福州 350002

收稿日期:2022-03-07 接受日期:2022-04-22 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2022-08-26
通讯作者: *康荣华(kangrh@iae.ac.cn)
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0608100);中国科学院百人计划项目(2019000186);山东省泰山学者青年专家项目

Foliar assimilation and distribution of NO₂ in Schima superba and Pinus massoniana seedlings using ¹⁵N stable isotope tracing technique

YAO Meng¹^,², KANG Rong-Hua¹^,³^,^*(), WANG Ang¹^,³, MA Fang-Yuan⁴, LI Jin¹, TAI Zi-Han¹^,², FANG Yun-Ting¹^,³

¹Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
³Key Laboratory of Stable Isotope Techniques and Applications, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China
⁴Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China

Received:2022-03-07 Accepted:2022-04-22 Online:2023-01-20 Published:2022-08-26
Contact: *KANG Rong-Hua(kangrh@iae.ac.cn)
Supported by:
National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0608100);Hundred Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2019000186);Shandong Taishan Scholar Young Expert Program

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大气氮氧化物(NO_x = NO + NO₂)随着干沉降进入森林生态系统时, 会首先接触森林冠层。森林乔木能通过叶片吸收多少NO₂以及对吸收的NO₂是如何分配的, 目前尚不清楚。该研究利用¹⁵N稳定同位素示踪技术, 对中国南方常见乔木树种木荷(Schima superba)和马尾松(Pinus massoniana)幼苗在黑暗和光照两种条件下进行了¹⁵NO₂静态箱熏蒸实验, 检测并分析了两种植物的¹⁵N回收率以及吸收的NO₂在植物各组织中的分配结果。结果显示: 植物主要通过气孔吸收NO₂, 木荷和马尾松在黑暗条件下整体分别能回收10.3% ± 5.9%和20.4% ± 7.0% ¹⁵NO₂, 在光照条件下整体分别能回收35.9% ± 5.4%和68.2% ± 7.6%¹⁵NO₂。两种植物各组织中的平均干质量¹⁵N回收率均表现为叶>枝>干>根, 大部分吸收的NO₂在短时间内都留在叶片中, 木荷和马尾松叶片¹⁵N回收率占比在黑暗条件下分别为72%和49%, 在光照条件下分别为91%和96%。本研究的结果表明森林乔木对NO₂的吸收不可忽略, 森林乔木吸收NO₂这一过程在森林生态系统氮收支中起着十分重要的作用。

关键词: ¹⁵NO₂, ¹⁵N示踪技术, 静态熏蒸, 叶片氮吸收, 氮分配, 乔木幼苗

Abstract:

Aims Nitrogen oxides (NO_x = NO + NO₂) are the world’s main atmospheric pollutants. Especially in China, NO_x deposition has been increasing in recent years. When NO_x enter the forest ecosystems accompanied by dry deposition, they reach the forest canopy first. Studies have shown that trees can assimilate NO₂ deposited on leaf surfaces, but this process has been ignored in the forest N cycle models. Currently, the quantity of NO₂ that can be assimilated by trees through foliage and the mechanisms of how the assimilated NO₂ is distributed remain unclear.
Methods In this study, we conducted a ¹⁵NO₂ fumigation experiment with static chambers under dark and light conditions. We chose Schima superba and Pinus massoniana seedlings, the common tree species in southern China, as our experimental materials, and analyzed the whole ¹⁵N recovery and the distribution of assimilated ¹⁵NO₂ in different tissues.
Important findings The results show that trees assimilated NO₂ mainly through stomata. Schima superba and P. massoniana could take up 10.3% ± 5.9% and 20.4% ± 7.0% ¹⁵NO₂ in the whole plant under the dark condition, respectively; while 35.9% ± 5.4% and 68.2% ± 7.6% under light condition. The sequence of ¹⁵N recovery per dry mass in different tissues was leaves > branches > stem > roots. Most recovered NO₂ remained in the leaves in a short period after fumigation. The ¹⁵N recovery in leaves of S. superba and P. massoniana accounted for 72% and 49% of the total recovery under the dark condition, and 91% and 96% under the light condition, respectively. This study indicates that the foliar assimilation of NO₂ in forest ecosystems cannot be ignored. The process of foliar NO₂ assimilation plays a key role in the N budget of forest ecosystems.

Key words: ¹⁵NO₂, ¹⁵N stable isotope tracing technique, static fumigation, foliar N assimilation, N distribution, tree seedling

姚萌, 康荣华, 王盎, 马方园, 李靳, 台子晗, 方运霆. 利用¹⁵N示踪技术研究木荷与马尾松幼苗叶片对NO₂的吸收与分配. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(1): 114-122. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0085

YAO Meng, KANG Rong-Hua, WANG Ang, MA Fang-Yuan, LI Jin, TAI Zi-Han, FANG Yun-Ting. Foliar assimilation and distribution of NO₂ in Schima superba and Pinus massoniana seedlings using ¹⁵N stable isotope tracing technique. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(1): 114-122. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0085

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I1/114

图/表 10

图1 15NO2熏蒸实验示意图。

Fig. 1 Schematic of the 15NO2 fumigation experiment.

表1 木荷和马尾松各组织氮含量(%) (平均值±标准误)

Table 1 Nitrogen content (%) of Schima superba and Pinus massoniana (mean ± SE)

组织 Tissue	木荷 S. superba		马尾松 P. massoniana
组织 Tissue	黑暗 Dark	光照 Light	黑暗 Dark	光照 Light
叶 Leaf	1.10 ± 0.05	1.03 ± 0.06	1.09 ± 0.03	1.08 ± 0.07
枝 Branch	0.39 ± 0.03	0.39 ± 0.04	0.46 ± 0.05	0.46 ± 0.06
干 Stem	0.20 ± 0.02	0.20 ± 0.01	0.34 ± 0.03	0.29 ± 0.02
根 Root	0.34 ± 0.01	0.31 ± 0.01	0.52 ± 0.11	0.45 ± 0.01

表2 木荷和马尾松各组织干质量(g) (平均值±标准误)

Table 2 Dry mass (g) of Schima superba and Pinus massoniana (mean ± SE)

组织 Tissue	木荷 S. superba		马尾松 P. massoniana
组织 Tissue	黑暗 Dark	光照 Light	黑暗 Dark	光照 Light
叶 Leaf	5.08 ± 3.54^b	4.69 ± 1.21^b	24.50 ± 2.81^a	25.00 ± 3.26^a
枝 Branch	2.24 ± 0.63^a	1.76 ± 0.26^a	2.88 ± 1.77^a	3.58 ± 1.10^a
干 Stem	10.38 ± 1.40^b	12.69 ± 0.79^b	17.56 ± 1.52^a	16.00 ± 3.88^ab
根 Root	17.64 ± 3.26^a	33.21 ± 1.97^a	8.66 ± 0.27^ab	7.48 ± 1.55^b

表3 木荷和马尾松叶片表面积(cm2) (平均值±标准误)

Table 3 Leave area (cm2) of Schima superba and Pinus massoniana (mean ± SE)

树种 Species	黑暗 Dark	光照 Light
木荷 S. superba	738.69 ± 348.00^b	783.67 ± 160.37^b
马尾松 P. massoniana	5138.45 ± 629.32^a	6 895.78 ± 1255.28^a

图2 熏蒸过程中黑暗、光照条件下静态箱内水分变化。

Fig. 2 Water change in a static chamber under dark/light condition.

图3 对照、黑暗条件、光照条件下15NO2脉冲熏蒸后木荷(A)、马尾松(B)各组织的15N同位素丰度(δ15N) (平均值±标准误, n = 3)。不同小写字母表示不同处理下相同组织中δ15N差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 15N isotopic abundance (δ15N) in Schima superba (A) and Pinus massoniana (B) under natural, dark and light conditions after 15NO2 fumigation (mean ± SE, n = 3). Different lewercase letters indicate significant differences in δ15N of same tissue under different treatments (p < 0.05).

图4 黑暗和光照条件下木荷、马尾松各组织15N回收率(平均值±标准误, n = 3)。

Fig. 4 15N recovery in different tissues in Schima superba and Pinus massoniana under dark and light condition (mean ± SE, n = 3).

图5 黑暗和光照条件下木荷、马尾松各组织15N回收率所占比例。

Fig. 5 Proportion of 15N recovery in different tissues in Schima superba and Pinus massoniana under dark and light condition.

表4 木荷和马尾松各组织平均干质量15N回收率(g-1)

Table 4 15N recovery per dry mass (g-1) in different tissues of Schima superba and Pinus massoniana

组织 Tissue	木荷 S. superba		马尾松 P. massoniana
组织 Tissue	黑暗 Dark	光照 Light	黑暗 Dark	光照 Light
叶 Leaf	1.878	9.009	0.498	2.690
枝 Branch	0.374	0.142	0.912	0.159
干 Stem	0.138	0.064	0.485	0.112
根 Root	0.020	0.059	0.019	0.006

图6 叶片中15N回收率与水分稳定时速率的线性拟合曲线。

Fig. 6 Linear fitting curve of 15N recovery in leaves and water stabilized velocity.

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利用¹⁵N示踪技术研究木荷与马尾松幼苗叶片对NO₂的吸收与分配

Foliar assimilation and distribution of NO₂ in Schima superba and Pinus massoniana seedlings using ¹⁵N stable isotope tracing technique

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