模拟采食干扰下克隆整合对两种箭竹分株种群更新的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00073

植物生态学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 699-708.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00073

• 研究论文 • 下一篇

模拟采食干扰下克隆整合对两种箭竹分株种群更新的影响

魏宇航^1,²,周晓波³,陈劲松¹,谌利民⁴,李娇^1,²,刘庆^1,^*()

¹中国科学院成都生物研究所, 中国科学院山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室, 生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室, 成都 610041
²中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
³四川阿坝州理县林业局, 四川理县 623100
⁴唐家河国家级自然保护区, 四川青川 628109

收稿日期:2013-03-21 接受日期:2013-06-02 出版日期:2013-03-21 发布日期:2013-08-07
通讯作者: 刘庆
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31170502)

Effect of clonal integration on ramet population regeneration of two Fargesia (bamboo) species under simulated ingesting interference

WEI Yu-Hang^1,²,ZHOU Xiao-Bo³,CHEN Jin-Song¹,CHEN Li-Min⁴,LI Jiao^1,²,LIU Qing^1,^*()

¹Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
³Forestry Bureau of Lixian County in Aba Prefecture, Lixian, Sichuan 623100, China
⁴Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve, Qingchuan, Sichuan 628109, China

Received:2013-03-21 Accepted:2013-06-02 Online:2013-03-21 Published:2013-08-07
Contact: LIU Qing

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

动物对植物的采食会刺激植物进行补偿性更新生长, 克隆整合效应能够通过分株之间的物质传输增强克隆植物的这种补偿生长。现今对克隆整合效应在箭竹(Fargesia)补偿更新中的作用仍未得到全面认识。2011年10月到2012年11月, 设立了糙花箭竹(Fargesia scabrida)和缺苞箭竹(F. denudata)各40个样方, 分别进行不剪除样方内分株和剪除样方内分株数量的25%、50%、75%四种模拟采食干扰处理, 并将样方四周的根状茎切断或保持连接。从2012年6月起观测并统计了箭竹分株种群的累积出笋率、总出笋率、补充率, 以及新生分株的株高、基径和单株生物量。结果表明: (1)在不剪除分株的样方, 切断根状茎连接显著增加了糙花箭竹的出笋率和补充率, 但降低了新生分株的株高和单株生物量, 也显著降低了缺苞箭竹的出笋率和补充率; (2)保持根状茎连接时, 25%的剪除强度仅仅降低了糙花箭竹新生分株的单株生物量; 同样在保持根状茎连接的条件下, 25%、50%的剪除强度使缺苞箭竹种群的补充率有所降低, 而切断根状茎后缺苞箭竹在25%的剪除强度下的分株补充率反而升高; (3) 75%的剪除强度并未影响两种箭竹新生分株数量更新, 但造成新生分株质量显著下降; 切断根状茎连接显著降低了糙花箭竹的新生分株的株高和基径, 对缺苞箭竹影响不显著。实验证明克隆整合影响了两种箭竹新生分株的萌发、存活和生长, 但不是两种箭竹进行补偿更新的主要机制, 仅在糙花箭竹分株种群受到重度采食干扰后的更新中才起到明显的促进作用; 两种箭竹均能在50%的剪除强度下通过补偿生长恢复种群的稳定, 75%的剪除强度则会造成箭竹新生分株质量的下降。

关键词: 克隆整合, 补偿生长, 缺苞箭竹, 糙花箭竹, 种群更新, 分株种群

Abstract:

Aims Herbaceous species can have compensatory growth after grazing. Clonal integration contributes greatly to the re-growth of clonal plants. To date, however, very few studies have addressed how clonal integration affects bamboos’ regeneration at a ramet level. Our objectives were to test the following hypotheses: (1) clonal integration benefits bamboo’s compensatory growth greatly after grazing and (2) differences in branching pattern of rhizomes lead to different contributions of clonal integration to the compensatory effects.
Methods In Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve, we subjected Fargesia scabrida and F. denudata ramets within 1.2 m × 1.2 m plots to four clipping treatments, i.e., no clipping and 25%, 50% and 75% shoot removal, and kept rhizomes at the plot edges either connected or disconnected.
Important findings In plots with no clipping, rhizome severing stimulated new shoot generation and population recruitment of F. scabrida, but reduced the height and biomass of new shoots. The shooting rate and recruitment of F. denudata were significantly decreased in plots where rhizomes remained connected. When rhizomes were kept connected, 25% clipping reduced the biomass of F. scabrida, and 25% and 50% clipping reduced recruitment of F. denudata. However, rhizome severing increased the recruitment of F. denudata. Under 75% clipping, the recruitments of both bamboos did not decrease significantly, but the quality of new shoots declined. Such negative effects were negated or greatly ameliorated in F. scabrida when rhizomes were connected. In general, clonal integration contributes greatly to the growth of new ramets, but contributes little to compensatory growth of both bamboos after grazing.

Key words: clonal integration, compensatory growth, Fargesia denudata, Fargesia scabrida, population regeneration, ramet population

魏宇航,周晓波,陈劲松,谌利民,李娇,刘庆. 模拟采食干扰下克隆整合对两种箭竹分株种群更新的影响. 植物生态学报, 2013, 37(8): 699-708. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00073

WEI Yu-Hang,ZHOU Xiao-Bo,CHEN Jin-Song,CHEN Li-Min,LI Jiao,LIU Qing. Effect of clonal integration on ramet population regeneration of two Fargesia (bamboo) species under simulated ingesting interference. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2013, 37(8): 699-708. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00073

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00073

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2013/V37/I8/699

图/表 6

图1 实验处理。虚线和实线分别表示样方内外箭竹分株根状茎切断和连接。

Fig. 1 Experimental treatments. Bold solid and dotted lines represent the rhizome of Fargesia ramets intact and severed between inside and outside of the quadrat, respectively.

表1 物种(S)、根状茎处理(R)、剪除强度(C)对糙花箭竹和缺苞箭竹分株种群累计出笋率的影响及其交互作用

Table 1 Effects of species (S), rhizomes dispose (R), clipping intensity (C) and the interactions on accumulated bamboo shooting rates of Fargesia scabrida and F. denudata ramet population

效应 Effect	累积出笋率 Accumulated bamboo shooting rate
效应 Effect	df	F
S	1, 63	105.978^***
R	1, 63	8.516^**
C	3, 63	2.275^ns
S × R	1, 63	10.245^**
S × C	3, 63	5.841^**
R × C	3, 63	0.237^ns
S × R × C	3, 63	5.530^**
时间 Time (T)	8, 56	129.698^***
T × S	8, 56	26.750^***
T × R	8, 56	4.700^***
T × C	24, 174	1.071^ns
T × S × R	8, 56	3.705^**
T × S × C	24, 174	1.987^**
T × R × C	24, 174	0.844^ns
T × S × R × C	24, 174	1.851^*

图2 糙花箭竹和缺苞箭竹分株种群累积出笋率随时间的变化。RI, 根状茎连接的样方; RS, 根状茎切断的样方。图例中的百分比表示样方内剪除的分株数量。

Fig. 2 Variations of accumulated bamboo shooting rates of Fargesia scabrida and F. denudata ramet population with time. RI, plots with rhizomes intact; RS, plots with rhizomes severed. Percentage in legend means clipping number of ramets in each quadrat.

表2 物种(S)、根状茎处理(R)、剪除强度(C)及其交互作用对糙花箭竹和缺苞箭竹分株种群更新的影响

Table 2 Effects of species (S), rhizomes dispose (R), clipping intensity (C) and the interactions on regeneration of Fargesia scabrida and F. denudata ramet population

效应 Effect	df	F
效应 Effect	df	出笋率 Bamboo shooting rate	补充率 Recruitment rate	株高 Ramet height	基径 Basal diameter	单株生物量 Biomass per ramet
S	1, 78	61.833^***	103.391^***	174.822^***	115.962^***	78.091^***
R	1, 78	3.672^ns	1.701^ns	16.967^***	5.057^*	2.036^*
C	3, 78	2.724^ns	1.218^ns	20.710^***	14.223^***	15.157^***
S × R	1, 78	6.870^*	4.492^*	0.465^ns	1.216^ns	7.492^**
S × C	3, 78	4.366^**	3.595^*	3.057^*	1.220^ns	2.222^ns
R × C	3, 78	0.133^ns	0.156^ns	1.764^ns	0.264^ns	1.392^ns
S × R × C	3, 78	6.475^**	8.417^***	0.458^ns	0.346^ns	0.972^ns

图3 糙花箭竹和缺苞箭竹分株种群在8种实验处理下的出笋率和补充率(平均值±标准误差)。具有不同字母的柱体表示在95%水平上差异显著。

Fig. 3 Bamboo shooting rate and recruitment rate of Fargesia scabrida and F. denudata ramet population under eight experimental treatments (mean ± SE). Bars sharing different letters show significant difference at p = 0.05.

图4 糙花箭竹和缺苞箭竹在8种实验处理下新生分株的株高、基径和单株生物量(平均值±标准误差)。具有不同字母的柱体表示在95%水平上差异显著。

Fig. 4 Ramet height, basal diameter and biomass per ramet of Fargesia scabrida and F. denudata new ramets under eight experimental treatments (mean ± SE). Bars sharing different letters show significant difference at p = 0.05.

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模拟采食干扰下克隆整合对两种箭竹分株种群更新的影响

Effect of clonal integration on ramet population regeneration of two Fargesia (bamboo) species under simulated ingesting interference

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