中国四种森林类型主要优势植物的C:N:P化学计量学特征

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00587

植物生态学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 587-595.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00587

所属专题：生态化学计量

• 研究论文 • 下一篇

中国四种森林类型主要优势植物的C:N:P化学计量学特征

王晶苑¹^,^*(), 王绍强¹, 李纫兰², 闫俊华³, 沙丽清⁴, 韩士杰⁵

¹中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室千烟洲红壤丘陵综合开发试验站, 北京 100101
²南京信息工程大学大气科学学院, 南京 210044
³中国科学院华南植物园, 广州 510650
⁴中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园, 云南勐腊 666303
⁵中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016

收稿日期:2010-06-21 接受日期:2011-03-11 出版日期:2011-06-21 发布日期:2011-06-30
通讯作者: 王晶苑
作者简介:* E-mail: wangjy@igsnrr.ac.cn

C : N : P stoichiometric characteristics of four forest types’ dominant tree species in China

WANG Jing-Yuan¹^,^*(), WANG Shao-Qiang¹, LI Ren-Lan², YAN Jun-Hua³, SHA Li-Qings⁴, HAN Shi-Jie⁵

¹Qianyanzhou Integrated Ecological Station of Red Soil Hilly Land, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
²College of Atmospheric Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
³South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
⁴Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
⁵Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

Received:2010-06-21 Accepted:2011-03-11 Online:2011-06-21 Published:2011-06-30
Contact: WANG Jing-Yuan

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了评价不同森林类型的生态化学计量特征的差异, 以吉林长白山温带针阔混交林、广东鼎湖山亚热带常绿阔叶林、云南西双版纳热带季雨林和江西千烟洲亚热带人工针叶林为研究对象, 通过对2007年4月-2008年5月4种典型区域森林植物叶片和凋落物的碳(C)氮(N)磷(P)元素质量比与N、P再吸收率的分析, 探讨了4种森林类型N、P养分限制和N、P养分再吸收的内在联系。结果表明: 1)从森林类型上看, 温带针阔混交林叶片的C : N : P为321 : 13 : 1, 亚热带常绿阔叶林叶片的C : N : P为561 : 22 : 1, 热带季雨林叶片的C : N : P为442 : 19 : 1, 亚热带人工针叶林叶片的C : N : P为728 : 18 : 1; 凋落物的C : N : P也是亚热带人工林最高, 达1 950 : 27 : 1, 温带针阔混交林的最低, 为552 : 14 : 1, 热带季雨林的为723 : 24 : 1, 亚热带常绿阔叶林的为1 305 : 35 : 1, 不同森林类型凋落物的C : N : P的计量大小关系与叶片的结果一致; 2)从植物生活型上看, 常绿针叶林叶片的C : N均显著高于常绿阔叶林及落叶阔叶林; 叶片C : P与森林类型的关系并不十分密切; 常绿阔叶林叶片的N : P最高, 常绿针叶林次之, 落叶阔叶林最低; 3)植物叶片的N : P与月平均气温有显著的负相关关系, 但叶片的C : P基本不受月平均气温影响, 叶片的C、N、P计量比与降水的线性关系不显著; 4)高纬度地区的植物更易受N元素限制, 而低纬度地区植物更易受P元素的限制; 但受N或P限制的植物并不一定具有高的N或P再吸收率。研究结果表明, 不同类型森林的叶片与凋落物的化学计量特征具有一致性, 但是环境因子对不同类型植物化学计量比的影响并不相同。

关键词: C : N : P, 生态计量化学, 森林类型, 营养限制, 养分再吸收率

Abstract:

Aims The nitrogen and phosphorus characteristics of plants represent plant features and responses to environmental factors. Our objectives are to distinguish leaf and litter C : N : P stoichiometric characteristics, nitrogen and phosphorus resorption of trees, and the relationship between stoichiometric ratio and temperature and precipitation for four typical regions in China.

Methods We studied temperate coniferous, subtropical evergreen broad-leaved, tropical monsoon and tropical plantation forest in the Changbaishan, Dinghushan, Xishuangbanna and Qianyanzhou Ecological Stations, respectively. We analyzed leaf and litter C : N : P, N, P and the relation of N, P nutrition limitation at each station.

Important findings Leaf C : N : P in temperate needle and broad-leaved mixed, subtropical evergreen broad-leaved, tropical rain and subtropical plantation forests were 321 : 13 : 1, 561 : 22 : 1, 442 : 19 : 1 and 728 : 18 : 1, respectively. Litter C : N : P of the four forest types were 552 : 14 : 1, 1 305 : 35 : 1, 723 : 24 : 1, 1 950 : 27 : 1, respectively. The C : N of evergreen coniferous forest is higher than in evergreen broad-leaved and deciduous broad-leaved forests, but C : P has no relationship with forest type. Leaf N : P was highest in evergreen broad-leaved forest and lowest in deciduous broad-leaved forest. Plant N : P has a linear relation with latitude and mean monthly temperature, but neither N or P concentration has such a relationship. Plant at high latitude are easily limited by N, those in low latitude are easily limited by P, but results show that plants limited by N or P don’t have higher N or P resorption. Stoichiometric ratios of leaf and litter are consistent, but environmental factors have different effects on different kinds of plant.

Key words: C : N : P, ecological stoichiometry, forest type, nutrition limitation, nutrition resorption

王晶苑, 王绍强, 李纫兰, 闫俊华, 沙丽清, 韩士杰. 中国四种森林类型主要优势植物的C:N:P化学计量学特征. 植物生态学报, 2011, 35(6): 587-595. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00587

WANG Jing-Yuan, WANG Shao-Qiang, LI Ren-Lan, YAN Jun-Hua, SHA Li-Qings, HAN Shi-Jie. C : N : P stoichiometric characteristics of four forest types’ dominant tree species in China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2011, 35(6): 587-595. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00587

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图/表 6

参考文献 37

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站名 Station name	地理位置 Geographic location	海拔 Elevation (m)	森林类型 Forest type	代表树种 Representative tree species	生活型 Life form
长白山站 Changbaishan Station	41°41′ N, 127°42′ E	736	温带针阔混交林 Temperate needle broad-leaved mixed forest	水曲柳 Fraxinus mandschurica 红松 Pinus koraiensis 紫椴 Tilia amurensis 锥栗 Castanea henryi	DB EN DB DB
鼎湖山站 Dinghushan Station	23°09′ N, 112°30′ E	300	亚热带常绿阔叶林 Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest	锥栗 Castanea henryi 黄果厚壳桂 Cryptocarya concinna 云南银柴 Aporusa yunnanensis	DB EB EB
西双版纳站 Xishuangbanna Station	21°41′ N, 101°25′ E	570	热带季雨林 Tropical monsoon forest	白颜树 Gironniera subaequalis 梭果玉蕊 Barringtonia fusicarpa 云树 Garcinia cowa	EB EB EB
千烟洲站 Qianyanzhou Station	26°44′ N, 115°03′ E	100	亚热带人工林 Subtropical plantation forest	湿地松 Pinus elliottii 马尾松 Pinus massoniana 杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata 木荷 Schima superba	EN EN EN EB

站名 Station name	地理位置 Geographic location	海拔 Elevation (m)	森林类型 Forest type	代表树种 Representative tree species	生活型 Life form
长白山站 Changbaishan Station	41°41′ N, 127°42′ E	736	温带针阔混交林 Temperate needle broad-leaved mixed forest	水曲柳 Fraxinus mandschurica 红松 Pinus koraiensis 紫椴 Tilia amurensis 锥栗 Castanea henryi	DB EN DB DB
鼎湖山站 Dinghushan Station	23°09′ N, 112°30′ E	300	亚热带常绿阔叶林 Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest	锥栗 Castanea henryi 黄果厚壳桂 Cryptocarya concinna 云南银柴 Aporusa yunnanensis	DB EB EB
西双版纳站 Xishuangbanna Station	21°41′ N, 101°25′ E	570	热带季雨林 Tropical monsoon forest	白颜树 Gironniera subaequalis 梭果玉蕊 Barringtonia fusicarpa 云树 Garcinia cowa	EB EB EB
千烟洲站 Qianyanzhou Station	26°44′ N, 115°03′ E	100	亚热带人工林 Subtropical plantation forest	湿地松 Pinus elliottii 马尾松 Pinus massoniana 杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata 木荷 Schima superba	EN EN EN EB

森林类型 Forest type	pH	有机碳 Organic carbon (mg·g^-1)	全氮 Total nitrogen (mg·g^-1)	全磷 Total phosphorus (mg·g^-1)
温带针阔混交林 Temperate needle broad-leaved mixed forest	5.48 ± 0.14	164.32 ± 8.48	13.04 ± 0.84	1.56 ± 0.25
热带季雨林 Tropical monsoon forest	4.66 ± 0.14	10.60 ± 1.68	1.13 ± 0.13	0.20 ± 0.04
亚热带常绿阔叶林 Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest	4.08 ± 0.07	32.80 ± 3.67	2.50 ± 0.26	0.29 ± 0.02
亚热带人工林 Subtropical plantation forest	4.54 ± 0.21	11.83 ± 3.55	0.86 ± 0.2	0.11 ± 0.01

森林类型 Forest type	pH	有机碳 Organic carbon (mg·g^-1)	全氮 Total nitrogen (mg·g^-1)	全磷 Total phosphorus (mg·g^-1)
温带针阔混交林 Temperate needle broad-leaved mixed forest	5.48 ± 0.14	164.32 ± 8.48	13.04 ± 0.84	1.56 ± 0.25
热带季雨林 Tropical monsoon forest	4.66 ± 0.14	10.60 ± 1.68	1.13 ± 0.13	0.20 ± 0.04
亚热带常绿阔叶林 Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest	4.08 ± 0.07	32.80 ± 3.67	2.50 ± 0.26	0.29 ± 0.02
亚热带人工林 Subtropical plantation forest	4.54 ± 0.21	11.83 ± 3.55	0.86 ± 0.2	0.11 ± 0.01

		树种 Tree species	n	碳含量 Carbon content (mg·g^-1)	氮含量 Nitrogen content (mg·g^-1)	磷含量 Phosphorus content (mg·g^-1)
叶 Leaf	温带针阔混交林 Temperate needle broad-leaved mixed forest	红松 Pinus koraiensis	14	522.90 ± 21.00	15.20 ± 1.60	1.30 ± 0.30
		水曲柳 Fraxinus mandschurica	4	455.52 ± 12.40	20.20 ± 2.60	1.36 ± 0.25
		紫椴 Tilia anurensis	3	484.90 ± 14.00	25.60 ± 3.30	2.33 ± 0.40
	热带季雨林 Tropical monsoon forest	云树 Garcinia cowa	12	445.97 ± 12.99	13.50 ± 1.30	0.81 ± 0.04
		梭果玉蕊 Barringtonia fusicarpa	12	490.35 ± 20.75	19.98 ± 2.04	1.30 ± 0.12
		白颜树 Gironniera subaequalis	12	446.73 ± 19.80	31.00 ± 1.80	1.03 ± 0.10
	亚热带常绿阔叶林 Subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest	锥栗 Castanea henryi	7	494.80 ± 27.48	19.00 ± 2.08	1.03 ± 0.23
		黄果厚壳桂 Cryptocarya concinna	7	548.60 ± 18.84	20.20 ± 1.36	1.15 ± 0.09
		云南银柴 Aporusa yunnanensis	7	374.87 ± 27.41	20.27 ± 1.05	0.90 ± 0.12
	亚热带人工林 Subtropical plantation forest	湿地松 Pinus elliottii	12	522.70 ± 19.62	10.02 ± 1.38	0.62 ± 0.13
		杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolat	12	510.65 ± 15.06	10.88 ± 1.13	0.75 ± 0.11
		马尾松 Pinus massoniana	12	522.59 ± 15.97	14.77 ± 1.68	1.02 ± 0.19
		木荷 Superba schima	12	490.85 ± 21.55	16.42 ± 2.34	0.63 ± 0.15
凋落物 Litter	温带针阔混交林 Temperate needle broad-leaved mixed forest		14	485.47 ± 28.17	12.94 ± 1.98	0.93 ± 0.21
	热带季雨林 Tropical monsoon forest		12	504.57 ± 21.96	17.05 ± 1.25	0.70 ± 0.08
	亚热带常绿阔叶林 Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest		6	514.12 ± 19.28	14.22 ± 2.21	0.43 ± 0.12
	亚热带湿地松人工林 Subtropical Pinus elliottii plantation		12	526.36 ± 17.97	5.63 ± 1.36	0.24 ± 0.09
	亚热带杉木人工林 Subtropical Cunninghamia lanceolat plantation		12	518.81 ± 16.41	7.47 ± 1.36	0.29 ± 0.06
	亚热带木荷人工林 Subtropical Schima superba plantation		12	486.28 ± 14.82	10.89 ± 1.01	0.30 ± 0.02
	亚热带马尾松人工林 Subtropical Pinus massoniana plantation		12	521.51 ± 16.40	7.72 ± 2.10	0.36 ± 0.15

中国四种森林类型主要优势植物的C:N:P化学计量学特征

C : N : P stoichiometric characteristics of four forest types’ dominant tree species in China

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森林类型 Forest type	C : N : P
温带针阔混交林 Temperate needle broad-leaved mixed forest	321 : 13 : 1
热带季雨林 Tropical monsoon forest	442 : 19 : 1
亚热带常绿阔叶林 Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest	561 : 22 : 1
亚热带人工林 Subtropical plantation forest	728 : 18 : 1
温带针阔混交林凋落物 Litter of temperate needle broad-leaved mixed forest	552 : 14 : 1
热带季雨林凋落物 Litter of tropical monsoon forest	723 : 24 : 1
亚热带常绿阔叶林凋落物 Litter of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest	1 305 : 35 : 1
亚热带人工林凋落物 Litter of subtropical plantation forest	1 950 : 27 : 1

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[3]	鲍勇, 高颖, 曾晓敏, 袁萍, 司友涛, 陈岳民, 陈滢伊. 中亚热带3种典型森林土壤碳氮含量和酶活性的关系[J]. 植物生态学报, 2018, 42(4): 508-516.
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[6]	吴君君, 杨智杰, 刘小飞, 熊德成, 林伟盛, 陈朝琪, 王小红. 米槠和杉木人工林土壤呼吸及其组分分析[J]. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(1): 45-53.
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