Chin J Plan Ecolo ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 932-940.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0090
Special Issue: 生态系统结构与功能
• Orginal Article • Previous Articles
TANG Hai-Ping*(), CHEN Jiao, XUE Hai-Li
Received:
2015-02-03
Accepted:
2015-07-23
Online:
2015-09-03
Published:
2015-09-23
Contact:
Hai-Ping TANG
About author:
# Co-first authors
TANG Hai-Ping,CHEN Jiao,XUE Hai-Li. Ecological thresholds: Concept, Methods and research outlooks[J]. Chin J Plan Ecolo, 2015, 39(9): 932-940.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0090
Fig. 1 Literature on ecological thresholds published during 1973.1-2015.6 (Resource: Web of Science). Important literature are those with citation frequency of more than 30 times.
概念 Concept | 文献 Reference |
---|---|
系统两个稳定状态之间的断点代表了生态系统阈值 The breakpoints between alternative stable states | May, 1977 |
阈值是两个不同的生态状态之间的时空边界; 牧区管理者没有实质干预的在实践时间尺度上不可逆的初始跨越边界 The boundaries in space and time between two different ecological states, initial shift across the boundary is not reversible on a practical time scale without substantial intervention by the range manager | Friedel, 1991 |
生态阈值是生态的不连续性, 暗示系统从一个稳态跃入另一个稳态时独立变量的关键值 The critical values of the independent variable around which the system flips from one stable state to another. | Muradian, 2001 |
阈值是环境条件的小变化产生(系统功能等)实质性改进的一些区域 The zones at which small changes in environmental conditions produce substantial improvements | Bestelmeyer et al., 2004 |
定义生态阈值为系统中当跨越两个可选状态时引起系统“快速移动”到一个不同的状态时的分歧点 A bifurcation point between alternate states which when passed causes a system to “flip” to a different state | Meyers & Walker, 2003 |
生态阈值代表了生态过程或参数发生突变的一个点, 此突变点响应于一个驱动力的相对较小的变化 The point at which an ecological process or parameter changes abruptly in response to relatively small changes in a driving force | Larsen & Alp, 2015 |
Table 1 The concepts of ecological thresholds
概念 Concept | 文献 Reference |
---|---|
系统两个稳定状态之间的断点代表了生态系统阈值 The breakpoints between alternative stable states | May, 1977 |
阈值是两个不同的生态状态之间的时空边界; 牧区管理者没有实质干预的在实践时间尺度上不可逆的初始跨越边界 The boundaries in space and time between two different ecological states, initial shift across the boundary is not reversible on a practical time scale without substantial intervention by the range manager | Friedel, 1991 |
生态阈值是生态的不连续性, 暗示系统从一个稳态跃入另一个稳态时独立变量的关键值 The critical values of the independent variable around which the system flips from one stable state to another. | Muradian, 2001 |
阈值是环境条件的小变化产生(系统功能等)实质性改进的一些区域 The zones at which small changes in environmental conditions produce substantial improvements | Bestelmeyer et al., 2004 |
定义生态阈值为系统中当跨越两个可选状态时引起系统“快速移动”到一个不同的状态时的分歧点 A bifurcation point between alternate states which when passed causes a system to “flip” to a different state | Meyers & Walker, 2003 |
生态阈值代表了生态过程或参数发生突变的一个点, 此突变点响应于一个驱动力的相对较小的变化 The point at which an ecological process or parameter changes abruptly in response to relatively small changes in a driving force | Larsen & Alp, 2015 |
术语 Term | 定义 Definition | 文献 Reference |
---|---|---|
弹性或恢复力 Resilience | 系统持久性的度量, 以及吸纳变化和干扰后维持同样的种群或状态变量之间关系的能力; A measure of the persistence of system and their ability to absorb change and disturbance and to still maintain the same relationship between populations or state variables | Holling, 1973 |
非线性变化 Non-linear responses | 非线性变化是阈值的重要原理 Ecosystem reflects different types of nonlinearities | Rial et al., 2004 |
触发因子 Triggers | 触发因子经常引起生态系统格局或空间结构发生初始变化 Triggers often initiate changes in the pattern or spatial structure of ecosystem | Bowker et al., 2014 |
稳态转换 Regime shift | 生态系统稳态转换意味着生态系统服务的转变以及随后对人类社会的影响 Regime shifts imply shifts in ecosystem services and consequent impacts on human societies | Folke et al., 2004 |
临界点 Tipping points | (1)复杂系统的临界点可能隐含非必要崩溃的风险, 同时也是积极改变的机会 Tipping points in complex systems may imply risks of unwanted collapse, but also opportunities for positive change (2)指示阈值出现拐点或者迫在眉睫就要出现 Indicate that thresholds crossing has occurred or is imminent | Scheffer et al., 2012 Bowker et al., 2014 |
多稳态 alternative stable states (multiple stable states) | 描述这种现象, 即系统能展示从一种稳态到另一种稳态发生的重大变化 describe the phenomenon whereby systems can exhibit a big change from one kind of regime to another | Walker & Meyers, 2004 |
断点 Breakpoint | 多稳态之间的过渡点 transition point to alternative stable states | May, 1977 |
不连续性 Discontinuities | 通过这些断点或不连续性识别生态阈值和描述多稳态之间的转换过程 Identifying ecological thresholds and describing processes of transition to alternative stable states once these breakpoints or discontinuities | Muradian, 2001 |
Table 2 Several terms related to ecological thresholds
术语 Term | 定义 Definition | 文献 Reference |
---|---|---|
弹性或恢复力 Resilience | 系统持久性的度量, 以及吸纳变化和干扰后维持同样的种群或状态变量之间关系的能力; A measure of the persistence of system and their ability to absorb change and disturbance and to still maintain the same relationship between populations or state variables | Holling, 1973 |
非线性变化 Non-linear responses | 非线性变化是阈值的重要原理 Ecosystem reflects different types of nonlinearities | Rial et al., 2004 |
触发因子 Triggers | 触发因子经常引起生态系统格局或空间结构发生初始变化 Triggers often initiate changes in the pattern or spatial structure of ecosystem | Bowker et al., 2014 |
稳态转换 Regime shift | 生态系统稳态转换意味着生态系统服务的转变以及随后对人类社会的影响 Regime shifts imply shifts in ecosystem services and consequent impacts on human societies | Folke et al., 2004 |
临界点 Tipping points | (1)复杂系统的临界点可能隐含非必要崩溃的风险, 同时也是积极改变的机会 Tipping points in complex systems may imply risks of unwanted collapse, but also opportunities for positive change (2)指示阈值出现拐点或者迫在眉睫就要出现 Indicate that thresholds crossing has occurred or is imminent | Scheffer et al., 2012 Bowker et al., 2014 |
多稳态 alternative stable states (multiple stable states) | 描述这种现象, 即系统能展示从一种稳态到另一种稳态发生的重大变化 describe the phenomenon whereby systems can exhibit a big change from one kind of regime to another | Walker & Meyers, 2004 |
断点 Breakpoint | 多稳态之间的过渡点 transition point to alternative stable states | May, 1977 |
不连续性 Discontinuities | 通过这些断点或不连续性识别生态阈值和描述多稳态之间的转换过程 Identifying ecological thresholds and describing processes of transition to alternative stable states once these breakpoints or discontinuities | Muradian, 2001 |
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