Hydraulic safety margin of 17 co-occurring woody plants in a seasonal rain forest in Guangxi’s Southwest karst landscape, China

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2018.0305

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Tropical seasonal rain forest of the karst landscape in southwestern Guangxi is one of the global biodiversity hotspots, with its habitats characterized with large exposed boulders, shallow and patchy soils, and cascading streams. As a result, plants in the karst landscapes experience frequent drought due to limited soil water holding capacity. In this study, we investigate the hydraulic characteristics of woody species in this drought-prone environment for sound conservation of plants in the fragile forests as well as through restoration actions.

Methods We measured xylem vulnerability curves, minimum xylem water potential (Ψ_stem-min), sapwood density and leaf turgor loss point of 17 typical woody plant species that co-occur in a tropical seasonal rain forest. We compared cavitation-resistance and hydraulic safety margins among the species and/or by plant groups. In addition, we analyzed the relationships between hydraulic safety margins and other hydraulic characteristics.

Important findings We found large inter-species variations in xylem water potential at 50% of hydraulic conductivity (P₅₀ ranged from -0.51 to -2.51 MPa), with evergreen species showing more negative P₅₀ than deciduous species. The hydraulic safety margin (HSM), calculated as the difference between Ψ_stem-min and P₅₀(Ψ_stem-min - P₅₀), has been widely used to quantify the degree of hydraulic risk under droughts. The average HSM of the 17 woody species was 0.36 MPa, indicating a high hydraulic risk in this forest during the dry season. However, there existed significant differences in HSM among species. Interestingly, there was no significant correlation between HSM and other key hydraulic characteristics, likely because of different hydraulic strategies under drought stress. This study provides evidences of different hydraulic risks of the common species in response to droughts and highlights the importance of long-term monitoring of water potential for conservation of the plants, especially in extreme drought events.

http://jtp.cnki.net/bilingual/detail/html/ZWSB201903005

Key words: cavitation, hydraulic traits, hydraulic safety margin, minimum water potential, turgor loss point

TAN Feng-Sen, SONG Hui-Qing, LI Zhong-Guo, ZHANG Qi-Wei, ZHU Shi-Dan. Hydraulic safety margin of 17 co-occurring woody plants in a seasonal rain forest in Guangxi’s Southwest karst landscape, China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2019, 43(3): 227-237.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2018.0305

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2019/V43/I3/227

Figures/Tables 6

References 62

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物种 Species	缩写 Abbreviation	科 Family	生活型 Life form	叶片习性 Leaf habit	生境 Habitat	最大导管长度 Maximum vessel length (cm)
红背山麻杆 Alchornea trewioides	At	大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	灌木 Shrub	落叶 Deciduous	山脊 Ridge	62
龙州细子龙 Amesiodendron integrifoliolatum	Ai	无患子科 Sapindaceae	乔木 Tree	常绿 Evergreen	山谷 Valley	46
糙叶树 Aphananthe aspera	Aa	榆科 Ulmaceae	乔木 Tree	落叶 Deciduous	山谷 Valley	115
黄梨木 Boniodendron minus	Bm	无患子科 Sapindaceae	乔木 Tree	常绿 Evergreen	山脊 Ridge	76
杭子梢 Campylotropis macrocarpa	Cm	蝶形花科 Fabaceae	灌木 Shrub	落叶 Deciduous	山脊 Ridge	66
山柑藤 Cansjera rheedei	Cr	山柚子科 Opiliaceae	藤本 Liana	常绿 Evergreen	山脊 Ridge	273
肥牛树 Cephalomappa sinensis	Cs	大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	乔木 Tree	常绿 Evergreen	山谷 Valley	35
灰毛浆果楝 Cipadessa cinerascens	Cc	楝科 Meliaceae	灌木 Shrub	落叶 Deciduous	山谷 Valley	67
茶条木 Delavaya toxocarpa	Dt	无患子科 Sapindaceae	乔木 Tree	常绿 Evergreen	山脊 Ridge	100
假鹰爪 Desmos chinensis	Dc	番荔枝科 Annonaceae	藤本 Liana	常绿 Evergreen	山谷 Valley	43
蚬木 Excentrodendron hsienmu	Eh	椴树科 Tiliaceae	乔木 Tree	常绿 Evergreen	山脊 Ridge	70
石岩枫 Mallotus repandus	Mr	大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	藤本 Liana	常绿 Evergreen	山脊 Ridge	170
黄连木 Pistacia chinensis	Pc	漆树科 Anacardiaceae	乔木 Tree	落叶 Deciduous	山脊 Ridge	52
秀丽海桐 Pittosporum pulchrum	Pp	海桐花科 Pittosporaceae	灌木 Shrub	常绿 Evergreen	山脊 Ridge	68
圆叶乌桕 Sapium rotundifolium	Sar	大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	乔木 Tree	落叶 Deciduous	山脊 Ridge	45
鸡仔木 Sinoadina racemosa	Sir	茜草科 Rubiaceae	乔木 Tree	落叶 Deciduous	山脊 Ridge	74
米念芭 Tirpitzia ovoidea	To	亚麻科 Linaceae	灌木 Shrub	常绿 Evergreen	山脊 Ridge	56

物种 Species	缩写 Abbreviation	科 Family	生活型 Life form	叶片习性 Leaf habit	生境 Habitat	最大导管长度 Maximum vessel length (cm)
红背山麻杆 Alchornea trewioides	At	大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	灌木 Shrub	落叶 Deciduous	山脊 Ridge	62
龙州细子龙 Amesiodendron integrifoliolatum	Ai	无患子科 Sapindaceae	乔木 Tree	常绿 Evergreen	山谷 Valley	46
糙叶树 Aphananthe aspera	Aa	榆科 Ulmaceae	乔木 Tree	落叶 Deciduous	山谷 Valley	115
黄梨木 Boniodendron minus	Bm	无患子科 Sapindaceae	乔木 Tree	常绿 Evergreen	山脊 Ridge	76
杭子梢 Campylotropis macrocarpa	Cm	蝶形花科 Fabaceae	灌木 Shrub	落叶 Deciduous	山脊 Ridge	66
山柑藤 Cansjera rheedei	Cr	山柚子科 Opiliaceae	藤本 Liana	常绿 Evergreen	山脊 Ridge	273
肥牛树 Cephalomappa sinensis	Cs	大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	乔木 Tree	常绿 Evergreen	山谷 Valley	35
灰毛浆果楝 Cipadessa cinerascens	Cc	楝科 Meliaceae	灌木 Shrub	落叶 Deciduous	山谷 Valley	67
茶条木 Delavaya toxocarpa	Dt	无患子科 Sapindaceae	乔木 Tree	常绿 Evergreen	山脊 Ridge	100
假鹰爪 Desmos chinensis	Dc	番荔枝科 Annonaceae	藤本 Liana	常绿 Evergreen	山谷 Valley	43
蚬木 Excentrodendron hsienmu	Eh	椴树科 Tiliaceae	乔木 Tree	常绿 Evergreen	山脊 Ridge	70
石岩枫 Mallotus repandus	Mr	大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	藤本 Liana	常绿 Evergreen	山脊 Ridge	170
黄连木 Pistacia chinensis	Pc	漆树科 Anacardiaceae	乔木 Tree	落叶 Deciduous	山脊 Ridge	52
秀丽海桐 Pittosporum pulchrum	Pp	海桐花科 Pittosporaceae	灌木 Shrub	常绿 Evergreen	山脊 Ridge	68
圆叶乌桕 Sapium rotundifolium	Sar	大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	乔木 Tree	落叶 Deciduous	山脊 Ridge	45
鸡仔木 Sinoadina racemosa	Sir	茜草科 Rubiaceae	乔木 Tree	落叶 Deciduous	山脊 Ridge	74
米念芭 Tirpitzia ovoidea	To	亚麻科 Linaceae	灌木 Shrub	常绿 Evergreen	山脊 Ridge	56