Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (12): 1611-1628.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0336

• Review •     Next Articles

Review of research on germination heterochrony of desert annual plants

Dilixiadanmu TASHENMAIMAITI1,2, LIU Hui-Liang1,3,4,*()   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830011, China
    2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    3Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830000, China
    4Xinjiang Field Scientific Observation Research Station of Tianshan Wild Fruit Forest Ecosystem, Yili Botanical Garden, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinyuan, Xinjiang 835800, China
  • Received:2022-08-18 Accepted:2023-02-20 Online:2023-12-20 Published:2023-03-01
  • Contact: *(liuhuiliang@ms.xjb.ac.cn)
  • Supported by:
    Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program(2022xjkk1503);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160256);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171513);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971428)

Abstract:

Desert annuals develop their special germination time pattern under severe environmental conditions, called germination heterochrony. It refers to the phenomenon that under specific conditions, a portion of the sibling seed population with uniform morphology can germinate instantly, while the other portion remains in the seed bank. Most existing studies on germination heterochrony of desert annuals have focused on seed germination characteristics, post-germination traits, and reproductive allocation. We reviewed and analyzed recent advances in germination heterochrony research, with emphases on 1) conception of germination heterochrony; 2) species and distribution of annual plants with heterochronous germination; 3) effects of heterochronous germination on plant life history types and patterns; 4) differences in phenotypic response, such as survival rate, phenological characteristics, reproductive yield, and biomass allocation, among plants that germinate at different times; 5) biological and environmental factors of germination heterochrony. Based on the review of literature, the future research is expected to contribute to a deeper understanding of germination heterochrony and adaptive mechanisms of desert annuals.

Key words: germination time, spring germination, autumn germination, life history, facultative winter annuals