Characteristics of population structure and dynamics in endangered Camellia granthamiana

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0488

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims The study investigated the population structure of wild Camellia granthamiana, and examined its regeneration processes and grwoth development, for purpose of guiding conservation and sustainable utilization of the species.
Methods The structure and dynamics of two populations of C. granthamiana in Zijin, Guangdong, were studied with a static life table, dynamic indices, survival curves, population function curves, and the method of time sequence prediction.
Important findings 1) The two populations of C. granthamiana displayed pyramidal structures with high proportion of young individuals; the young individuals (I to II age class) of the Luzizhang and Yangmeiba populations accounted for 71.48% and 64.32% of the total, respectively, with a high mortality rate. 2) The survival curves of the two populations tended to be in the form of Deevey-II, indicating that the mortality rates in different age classes were similar. 3) The numerical dynamic index ignoring the external interference (V_pi) and that accounting for the external interference (V′_pi) are both greater than zero in the two populations, with V′_pi approaching zero, suggesting unstable population growth. The Yangmeiba population was relatively more stable. 4) The survival function analysis shows that the survival rate and cumulative mortality of the two populations reached a balance between the age classes of I to II; after the age class of V, the survival curve changed slightly, and limited number of individuals began to enter the physiological decline stage. 5) It is predicted that the number of individuals in each age class will increase in different degrees after 2, 4, 6 and 8 age classes in the future. In summary, the mortality rate of young individuals in the population of C. granthamiana is high, but there is still a certain potential for renewal. In the field investigation, it was found that the human disturbance had a great impact on the population of C. granthamiana. Therefore, for conservation and sustainable utilization of the natural populations of this endangered species, cutting should be strictly prohibited, and both ex situ and in situ protections of the seedlings are advisable.

Key words: Camellia granthamiana, population structure, static life table, survival function, time sequence prediction

LIN Chun-Hui, GU Hui-Yi, YE Qin-Liang, ZHANG Zhi-Jian, ZHONG Zhi-Ming, YI Qi-Fei. Characteristics of population structure and dynamics in endangered Camellia granthamiana[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(12): 1684-1692.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0488

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2023/V47/I12/1684

Figures/Tables 9

References 35

[1]	Chen P, Yang LL, Zhang SZ, Zhang SZ, Yang JF (2019). Embryonic callus induction and plantlet regeneration of Camellia granthamiana. Plant Physiology Journal, 55, 767-773.
	[ 陈朋, 杨蕾蕾, 张苏州, 张寿洲, 杨建芬 (2019). 大苞白山茶胚性愈伤的诱导及植株再生. 植物生理学报, 55, 767-773.]
[2]	Chen XD (1998). A study on the method of quantitative analysis for plant population and community structural dynamics. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 18, 214-217.
	[ 陈晓德 (1998). 植物种群与群落结构动态量化分析方法研究. 生态学报, 18, 214-217.]
[3]	Deevey Jr ES (1947). Life tables for natural populations of animals. The Quarterly Review of Biology, 22, 283-314. DOI URL
[4]	Fan FR, MA XQ, Pan BZ (2008). Advances in conservation biology of endangered plants in China. Journal of Forestry Engineering, (3), 1-5.
	[ 范繁荣, 马祥庆, 潘标志 (2008). 中国濒危植物的保护生物学研究进展. 林业工程学报, (3), 1-5.]
[5]	He B, Zhang P, Li Q, Chen QL, Li YZ, Li WJ (2022). Population structure and spatial distribution pattern of a rare and endangered plant Pseudotsuga sinensis. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany, 30, 461-471.
	[ 何斌, 张萍, 李青, 陈群利, 李仰征, 李望军 (2022). 珍稀濒危植物黄杉种群结构与空间分布格局. 热带亚热带植物学报, 30, 461-471.]
[6]	Hett JM, Loucks OL (1976). Age structure models of balsam fir and eastern hemlock. Journal of Ecology, 64, 1029-1044. DOI URL
[7]	Jiang ZZ, Jiao P, Qi Z, Qu J, Guan S (2019). The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Camellia granthamiana. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources, 4, 4113-4115.
[8]	Li MM, Liu PC, Kong WM, Ma FL, Li SF, Wang M (2022). Population structure and dynamic characteristics of the endangered Pseudotsuga forrestii Craib. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 42, 5504-5515.
	[ 李敏敏, 刘鹏程, 孔维民, 马方莲, 李帅锋, 王萌 (2022). 濒危植物澜沧黄杉种群结构及动态特征. 生态学报, 42, 5504-5515.]
[9]	Li WX, Shi XG, Guo WX, Banerjee AK, Zhang Q, Huang YL (2018). Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Camellia granthamiana (Theaceae), a vulnerable species endemic to China. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources, 3, 1139-1140.
[10]	Li XX, Wang QC, Cui GF, Yang CD (2011). Structure and dynamic characteristics of a wild population of endangered Abies fanjingshanensis. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 31, 1479-1486.
	[ 李晓笑, 王清春, 崔国发, 杨传东 (2011). 濒危植物梵净山冷杉野生种群结构及动态特征. 西北植物学报, 31, 1479-1486.]
[11]	Liu HY, Yang NK, Zou TC (2015). Population ecological characteristics of the rare and endangered plant Camellia rhytidophylla from Guizhou. Plant Diversity and Resources, 37, 837-848.
[12]	Liu JF (2003). Study on Population Ecology of Thuja sutchuenensis, a Rare and Endangered Endemic Plant of China. Master degree dissertation, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing.
	[ 刘建锋 (2003). 我国珍稀濒危植物——崖柏种群生态学研究. 硕士学位论文, 中国林业科学研究院, 北京.]
[13]	Liu Z, Yan SJ, Tian GF, Wu YF, Duan SL, Pan G (2017). Structure and dynamic characteristics of Lagerstroemia minuticarpa near-natural population. Journal of Forest and Environment, 37, 342-347.
	[ 刘震, 闫淑君, 田高飞, 吴艳芳, 段嵩岚, 潘刚 (2017). 小果紫薇林近自然种群结构及动态特征. 森林与环境学报, 37, 342-347.]
[14]	Ma DD, Ku WP, Xia GH, Mao JY, Xue JH (2021). Structure and dynamics of rare and endangered plant Ardisia violacea natural population. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition), 45(3), 159-164.
	[ 马丹丹, 库伟鹏, 夏国华, 毛洁莹, 薛建辉 (2021). 珍稀濒危植物堇叶紫金牛种群结构及动态分析. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 45(3), 159-164.] DOI
[15]	Pan FG, Ye QL, Li YF, Zhong ZM, Chen HF, Yi QF (2020). Population structure and quantitative dynamics of rare and endangered plant Paphiopedilum purpuratum. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany, 28, 375-384.
	[ 潘发光, 叶钦良, 李玉峰, 钟智明, 陈红锋, 易绮斐 (2020). 珍稀濒危植物紫纹兜兰的种群结构和数量动态. 热带亚热带植物学报, 28, 375-384.]
[16]	People’s Government of Guangdong Province (2023). List of key protected wild plants of Guangdong Province [2023-04-15]. http://www.gd.gov.cn/zwgk/wjk/qbwj/yfh/content/post_4142083.html.
	广东省人民政府 (2023). 广东省人民政府关于公布广东省重点保护野生植物名录的通知. [2023-04-15]. http://www.gd.gov.cn/zwgk/wjk/qbwj/yfh/content/post_4142083.html.
[17]	Qin HN, Yang Y, Dong SY, He Q, Jia Y, Zhao LN, Yu SX, Liu HY, Liu B, Yan YH, Xiang JY, Xia NH, Peng H, Li ZY, Zhang ZX, et al. (2017a). Threatened species list of China’s higher plants. Biodiverse Science, 25, 696-744.
	[ 覃海宁, 杨永, 董仕勇, 何强, 贾渝, 赵莉娜, 于胜祥, 刘慧圆, 刘博, 严岳鸿, 向建英, 夏念和, 彭华, 李振宇, 张志翔, 等 (2017a). 中国高等植物受威胁物种名录. 生物多样性, 25, 696-744.]
[18]	Qin HN, Zhao LN (2017). Evaluating the threat status of higher plants in China. Biodiversity Science, 25, 689-695. DOI
	[ 覃海宁, 赵莉娜 (2017). 中国高等植物濒危状况评估. 生物多样性, 25, 689-695.] DOI
[19]	Qin HN, Zhao LN, Yu SX, Liu HY, Liu B, Xia NH, Peng H, Li ZY, Zhang ZX, He XJ, Yin LK, Lin YL, Liu QR, Hou YT, Liu Y, et al. (2017b). Evaluating the endangerment status of China’s angiosperms through the red list assessment. Biodiversity Science, 25, 745-757. DOI URL
	[ 覃海宁, 赵莉娜, 于胜祥, 刘慧圆, 刘博, 夏念和, 彭华, 李振宇, 张志翔, 何兴金, 尹林克, 林余霖, 刘全儒, 侯元同, 刘演, 等 (2017b). 中国被子植物濒危等级的评估. 生物多样性, 25, 745-757.]
[20]	Ren H (2021). Conservation and Reintroduction of Rare and Endangered Plants in China. Springer, Singapore. 21-30.
[21]	Tan JR, Yuan WG, Li TT, Xu GL, Wu ZZ, Chen XM, Li WZ, Xu HC, Ku WP, Zhu JR, Wu CP (2022). Population structure and dynamic characteristics of an extremely small population plant Sinojackia microcarpa. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 42, 3678-3687.
	[ 谭菊荣, 袁位高, 李婷婷, 许国良, 吴正柱, 陈小明, 李卫忠, 许惠春, 库伟鹏, 朱锦茹, 吴初平 (2022). 极小种群野生植物细果秤锤树种群结构与动态特征. 生态学报, 42, 3678-3687.]
[22]	Tang F, Zou TC, Yang NK, Hu GP, Liu HY (2022). Population structure and dynamics analysis of rare and endangered plant Camellia kweichowensis. Guihaia, 42, 520-529.
	[ 唐凤, 邹天才, 杨乃坤, 胡光平, 刘海燕 (2022). 稀有濒危植物贵州红山茶种群结构及数量动态变化的研究. 广西植物, 42, 520-529.]
[23]	Wang J (2020). Population Structure and Dynamics of Betula luminifera in Evergreen Deciduous Broad-leaved Mixed Forest in Different Regions of Southwest Hubei. Master degree dissertation, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei.
	[ 王进 (2020). 鄂西南常绿落叶阔叶混交林亮叶桦种群结构与动态. 硕士学位论文, 湖北民族大学, 湖北恩施.]
[24]	Wei HL (2018). Structural Analysis and Regeneration of Cupressus chengiana Population in the Bailong River Basin. Master degree dissertation, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou.
	[ 魏海龙 (2018). 白龙江流域岷江柏木种群结构特征分析及更新研究. 硕士学位论文, 甘肃农业大学, 兰州.]
[25]	Wu CZ, Hong W, Xie JS, Wu JL (2000). Life table analysis of Tsuga longibracteata population. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 11, 333-336. PMID
	[ 吴承祯, 洪伟, 谢金寿, 吴继林 (2000). 珍稀濒危植物长苞铁杉种群生命表分析. 应用生态学报, 11, 333-336.]
[26]	Xing FW (2005). Rare Plants of China. Hunan Education Publishing House, Changsha. 113.
	[ 邢福武 (2005). 中国的珍稀植物. 湖南教育出版社, 长沙. 113.]
[27]	Xu ZH, Ren H, Wei X, Ouyang KT, Li DX, Guo YL, Wen SJ, Long JF, Wang J, Hui DF (2021). Distribution and conservation status of Camellia longzhouensis (Theaceae), a critically endangered plant species endemic to southern China. Global Ecology and Conservation, 27, e01585. DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01585.
[28]	Yang FX, Wang SQ, Xu HG, Li BQ (1991). The theory of survival analysis and its application to life table. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 11, 153-158.
	[ 杨凤翔, 王顺庆, 徐海根, 李邦庆 (1991). 生存分析理论及其在研究生命表中的应用. 生态学报, 11, 153-158.]
[29]	Yang JF, Liu JM, Huang YX, Zhang SZ (2013). Effects of different plant growth regulators on callus induction from leaf explant of Camellia granthamina. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 40(7), 152-154.
	[ 杨建芬, 刘金梅, 黄云香, 张寿洲 (2013). 不同植物生长调节剂对大苞白山茶叶片愈伤组织诱导的影响. 广东农业科学, 40(7), 152-154.]
[30]	Ye HG, Peng SL (2006). Plant Diversity Inventory of Guangdong. The World Book Publishing in Guangdong, Guangzhou. 156.
	[ 叶华谷, 彭少麟 (2006). 广东植物多样性编目. 广东世界图书出版中心, 广州. 156.]
[31]	Ye QL, Dong H, Zhong ZM, Li YF, Huang XS, Wu FL (2019). Study on the flora of wild seed plants in Zijin County. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 47(12), 127-131.
	[ 叶钦良, 董辉, 钟智明, 李玉峰, 黄萧洒, 吴林芳 (2019). 广东省紫金县野生种子植物区系研究. 安徽农业科学, 47(12), 127-131.]
[32]	Zhang WH, Wang YP, Kang YX, Liu XJ (2004). Age structure and time sequence prediction of populations of an endangered plant, Larix potaninii var. chinensis. Chinese Biodiversity, 12, 361-369.
	[ 张文辉, 王延平, 康永祥, 刘祥君 (2004). 濒危植物太白红杉种群年龄结构及其时间序列预测分析. 生物多样性, 12, 361-369.] DOI
[33]	Zhang ZX, Liu P, Cai MZ, Kang HJ, Liao CC, Liu CS, Lou ZH (2008). Population quantitative characteristics and dynamics of rare and endangered Tsuga tchekiangensis in Jiulongshan nature reserve of China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 32, 1146-1156.
	[ 张志祥, 刘鹏, 蔡妙珍, 康华靖, 廖承川, 刘春生, 楼中华 (2008). 九龙山珍稀濒危植物南方铁杉种群数量动态. 植物生态学报, 32, 1146-1156.] DOI
[34]	Zhao Y (2018). The Population Structure and Dynamic Characteristics of Picea purpurea in the Taohe River Upstream. Master degree dissertation, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou.
	[ 赵阳 (2018). 洮河上游紫果云杉种群结构与动态特征. 硕士学位论文, 甘肃农业大学, 兰州.]
[35]	Zhong ZM, Zhang ZJ, Li YF, Zhang CY, Ye QL (2020). Wildlife landscape resources evaluation on Zijin Baixi Nature Reserve of Guangdong Province. Journal of Shandong Forestry Science and Technology, 50(3), 40-44.
	[ 钟智明, 张志坚, 李玉峰, 张彩英, 叶钦良 (2020). 广东紫金白溪省级自然保护区野生动植物景观资源及评价. 山东林业科技, 50(3), 40-44.]

样地 Plot	地点 Place	面积 Area (m²)	经纬度 Longitude and latitude	海拔 Altitude (m)	坡向 Slope aspect	坡度 Slope gradient (°)
样地1、2、3、4 Plot 1, 2, 3, 4	杨梅坝 Yangmeiba	40 × 40	115.11° E, 23. 42° N	339	西南 Southwest	40
样地5 Plot 5	杨梅坝 Yangmeiba	20 × 20	115.11° E, 23.43° N	472	西 West	45
样地6 Plot 6	鹿子嶂 Luzizhang	20 × 20	115.18° E, 23.44° N	554	东北 Northeast	10-45
样地7 Plot 7	鹿子嶂 Luzizhang	20 × 20	115.18° E, 23.44° N	547	东南 Southeast	30
样地8 Plot 8	鹿子嶂 Luzizhang	20 × 20	115.18° E, 23.44° N	528	东北 Northeast	40

样地 Plot	地点 Place	面积 Area (m²)	经纬度 Longitude and latitude	海拔 Altitude (m)	坡向 Slope aspect	坡度 Slope gradient (°)
样地1、2、3、4 Plot 1, 2, 3, 4	杨梅坝 Yangmeiba	40 × 40	115.11° E, 23. 42° N	339	西南 Southwest	40
样地5 Plot 5	杨梅坝 Yangmeiba	20 × 20	115.11° E, 23.43° N	472	西 West	45
样地6 Plot 6	鹿子嶂 Luzizhang	20 × 20	115.18° E, 23.44° N	554	东北 Northeast	10-45
样地7 Plot 7	鹿子嶂 Luzizhang	20 × 20	115.18° E, 23.44° N	547	东南 Southeast	30
样地8 Plot 8	鹿子嶂 Luzizhang	20 × 20	115.18° E, 23.44° N	528	东北 Northeast	40

种群 Population	V₁(%)	V₂(%)	V₃(%)	V₄(%)	V₅(%)	V₆(%)	V₇(%)	V₈(%)	V_pi(%)	V′_pi(%)	P_max(%)
鹿子嶂种群 Luzizhang population	32.17	53.85	50.00	61.11	14.29	33.33	25.00	0	41.52	1.54	0.04
杨梅坝种群 Yangmeiba population	19.72	49.12	44.83	43.75	66.67	0	33.33	-50.00	32.78	1.82	0.06

种群 Population	V₁(%)	V₂(%)	V₃(%)	V₄(%)	V₅(%)	V₆(%)	V₇(%)	V₈(%)	V_pi(%)	V′_pi(%)	P_max(%)
鹿子嶂种群 Luzizhang population	32.17	53.85	50.00	61.11	14.29	33.33	25.00	0	41.52	1.54	0.04
杨梅坝种群 Yangmeiba population	19.72	49.12	44.83	43.75	66.67	0	33.33	-50.00	32.78	1.82	0.06

种群 Population	龄级 Age class	基径 Basal diameter	A_x	a_x	l_x	ln l_x	d_x	q_x	L_x	T_x	e_x	K_x
鹿子嶂种群 Luzizhang population	I	0-2	115	115	1 000	6.908	322	0.322	839	1 847	1.847	0.388
	II	2-4	78	78	678	6.520	365	0.538	496	1 008	1.486	0.773
	III	4-6	36	36	313	5.746	157	0.500	235	512	1.637	0.693
	IV	6-8	18	18	157	5.053	87	0.556	113	278	1.773	0.811
	V	8-10	7	8	70	4.242	17	0.250	61	165	2.365	0.288
	VI	10-12	6	6	52	3.955	17	0.333	43	104	1.987	0.405
	VII	12-14	4	4	35	3.549	9	0.250	30	60	1.730	0.288
	VIII	14-16	3	3	26	3.261	9	0.333	22	30	1.140	0.405
	IX	>16	3	2	17	2.856	-	-	8	8	0.460	0.000
杨梅坝种群 Yangmeiba population	I	0-2	71	71	1 000	6.908	197	0.197	901	2 232	2.232	0.220
	II	2-4	57	57	803	6.688	394	0.491	606	1 331	1.658	0.676
	III	4-6	29	29	408	6.012	183	0.448	317	725	1.776	0.595
	IV	6-8	16	16	225	5.418	113	0.500	169	408	1.812	0.693
	V	8-10	9	8	113	4.725	28	0.250	99	239	2.125	0.288
	VI	10-12	3	6	85	4.437	28	0.333	70	141	1.666	0.405
	VII	12-14	3	4	56	4.031	28	0.500	42	70	1.249	0.693
	VIII	14-16	2	2	28	3.338	14	0.500	21	28	0.994	0.693
	IX	>16	4	1	14	2.645	-	-	7	7	0.497	0.000