Effects of short time heat stress on photosystem II, Rubisco activities and oxidative radicals in Alhagi sparsifolia

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00441

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Our general objective was to determine the effects of short time heat stress on photosystem II (PSII) activity and Rubisco activity in Alhagi sparsifolia. Specifically, we wanted to determine that temperature range within which the plant can photosynthesize, the critical temperature that damaged leaves and characters of reactive oxidative accumulation under high temperature.
Methods Samples of A. sparsifolia were collected on a sunny morning with low winds in early August 2010. We selected healthy growing shoots randomly, washed them lightly to remove leaf dust, cut and quickly inserted them into damp soil and covered them with a plastic cover. Samples were immediately put into black plastic bags, which contained damp filter papers. The bags were placed into a heat-resistant case for transport to the laboratory and then immersed in water baths for 15 min at temperatures of 30, 38, 43, 48, 53, 58 and 63 ℃. Twenty intact and mature leaves were used to measure leaf fluorescence and CO₂ response curves at each temperature.
Important findings At leaf temperatures up to 43 ℃, the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII, number of active reaction centers and leaf vitality index all decreased markedly. At moderately high temperatures, the electron donors of PSII were more heat-vulnerable than the electron acceptors of PSII, and the appearance of ﬂuorescence K point (300 μs) in the ﬂuorescence curve at 58 ℃ indicated that the structure of oxygen-evolving complexes was damaged, resulting in loss of oxygen-evolving function. At higher leaf temperatures, the activity of Rubisco first increased and then decreased, with a maximum at 34 ℃. Under high temperature stress, considerable oxidative radicals, e.g., ammoniacal nitrogen, H₂O₂ and O₂^-· were produced and continually accumulated in cells. We conclude that heat stress has strong impacts on both light reaction and dark reaction phases of photosynthesis, especially their two heat sensitive components comprised of PSII and Rubisco.

Key words: activation of Rubisco, Alhagi sparsifolia, heat stress, photosystem II, oxidative radical

XUE Wei, LI Xiang-Yi, LIN Li-Sha, WANG Ying-Ju, LI Lei. Effects of short time heat stress on photosystem II, Rubisco activities and oxidative radicals in Alhagi sparsifolia[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2011, 35(4): 441-451.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00441

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2011/V35/I4/441

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1 Daily changes of the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) of Alhagi sparsifolia leaves (mean ± SE).

Fig. 2 A typical chlorophyll polyphasic ?uorescence rise O-J-I-P for an untreated Alhagi sparsifolia leaf. The meaning of each point referred Li et al. (2005).

Fig. 3 Changes in chlorophyll ?uorescence induction curves in Alhagi sparsifolia leaves under different temperatures.

Table 1 Effects of heat stress on chlorophyll ?uorescence parameters (mean ± SE)

处理 Treatment	初始荧光 F_o	最大荧光 F_m	可变荧光 F_v	PSII最大光化学量子产量 F_v/F_m
30 ℃	435.70 ± 21.04 (0%)	2 455.70 ± 147.46 (0%)	2 020.00 ± 139.72 (0%)	0.83 ± 0.01 (0%)
38 ℃	468.13 ± 24.13 (7.44%)	2 404.75 ± 134.34 (-2.07%)	1 936.63 ± 144.42 (-4.13%)	0.81 ± 0.02 (-2.41%)
43 ℃	464.30 ± 27.45 (6.56%)	2 318.40 ± 114.85 (-5.59%)	1 854.10 ± 153.18 (-8.21%)	0.80 ± 0.01 (-3.61%)
48 ℃	602.00 ± 33.20 (38.17%)	1 948.40 ± 103.69 (-20.66%)	1 346.40 ± 62.77 (-33.35%)	0.69 ± 0.06 (-16.87%)
53 ℃	604.13 ± 33.42 (38.66%)	1 840.75 ± 89.03 (-25.04%)	1 236.63 ± 94.79 (-38.78%)	0.65 ± 0.10 (-21.69%)
58 ℃	849.40 ± 38.11 (94.95%)	1 433.80 ± 69.32 (-41.61%)	584.40 ± 25.67 (-71.07%)	0.41 ± 0.10 (-50.60%)
63 ℃	1 807.80 ± 40.02 (314.92%)	1 809.20 ± 106.7 (-26.33%)	1.40 ± 1.04 (-99.93%)	0.000 7 ± 0.000 1 (-99.92%)

Fig. 4 Effects of heat stress on PSII energy flux (A) and energy use efficiency (B) of Alhagi sparsifolia leaves (mean ± SE). In graph the color of curve is correspondence with the color of y-axis. The specific energy fluxes (per reaction centers, RC) for absorption (ABS/RC), trapping (TRo/RC), electron transport (ETo/RC) and dissipation (DIo/RC); the flux ratios or yield, i.e. the maximum quantum yield of primary photochemistry (Fv/Fm), the efficiency with which a trapped exciton can move an electron into the electron transport chain further than OA- (ψo), and the quantum yield of electron transport (ΦEo); the fraction of O2 evolving centers in comparison with the control sample (ρk); the amount of active PSII reaction centers per excited cross section (RC/CS), and the performance index (PIABS).

Fig. 5 Effects of elevated temperature on RuBP carboxylation efficiency of Alhagi sparsifolia leaves (mean ± SE). Parameters of linear fitting based on the initial stage of Pn-Ci cruves which only contains the six foremost data points.

Fig. 6 Effects of heat stress on ammoniacal nitrogen (A) and reactive oxygen molecules O2-· (B) and H2O2 (C) concentration of Alhagi sparsifolia leaves (mean ± SE).

Fig. 7 The heat damaged parts of photosynthesis which includes light reaction phase mainly PSII and dark reaction phase under high temperature. When green leaves were exposed to high temperature (e.g. over 43 ℃), three important components given above oxygen evolving complex (OEC), light-harvesting system and Rubisco were more vulnerable than others components. 2,3-DPG, 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate; Cyt.b6, cytochrome b6-f complex; Fd, ferredoxin; LHCII, light-harvesting complex in photosystem II; P680, PSII reaction centre; P700, photosystem I reaction centre; PC, plastocyanin; PGA, phosphoglycerate; Pheo, pheophytin; PQ, plastoquinone; QA, the primary quinone acceptor; QB, the secondary quinone acceptor; Tyiose-P, triose phosphate; Yz, tyrosine Z.

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