COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF SOIL ENZYMATIC ACTIVITIES AND SOIL NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY IN MONO- AND MIXED- CULTURE PLANT COMMUNITIES OF AGERATINA ADENOPHORAAND SETARIA SPHACLATA

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.04.019

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Our objectives were to determine: 1) the effect of different plant communities on soil enzymatic activities and soil nutrient availability to the plants, 2) the correlation between soil enzymatic activities and soil nutrient availability to the plants, and 3) the potential competition for resources among target species and competitive strategy of each species.

Methods We correlated four soil enzyme activities and availability of three major soil nutrients (N, P and K) in three plant communities: monoculture ofAgeratina adenophora (A), monoculture ofSetaria sphacelata (S), and mixed culture ofA. adenophora and S. sphacelata (A+S).

Important findings Concentrations of soil NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^--N in community A were significantly lower than in S and A+S (p<0.01), but there was no significant difference between A and A+S (p>0.05). The available P and K in all communities decreased significantly in the order of A>S>A+S (p<0.01). Soil protease and urease activities in all communities decreased in the order of S>A+S>A and A+S>S>A (p<0.01), respectively. Soil phosphatase and invertase activities increased in the order of A+S<S<A and S<A<A+S (p<0.01), respectively. The soil NO₃^--N and available P and K in all communities decreased with increasing plant age. Soil NH₄⁺-N contents showed a unimodal concentration curve peaking in September. Soil protease and urease activities increased in all communities with peak values in November. The activities of other soil enzymes peaked only once in July. Correlations between soil enzymatic activities and soil nutrient availability were consistent in all communities. S. sphacelata showed higher net ammonification and nitrification rates as compared to A. adenophora, but S. sphacelata showed higher reduction in available P and K. This may explain why S. sphacelata out-competed A. adenophora in community A+S. The differences in soil enzymatic activities of the different plant communities are due to a potential mechanism that resulted in variations in the nutrients availability.

Key words: Ageratina adenophora, Setaria sphacelata, plant competition, soil enzymatic activity, soil nutrients

JIANG Zhi-Lin, LIU Wan-Xue, WAN Fang-Hao, LI Zheng-Yue. COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF SOIL ENZYMATIC ACTIVITIES AND SOIL NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY IN MONO- AND MIXED- CULTURE PLANT COMMUNITIES OF AGERATINA ADENOPHORAAND SETARIA SPHACLATA[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2008, 32(4): 900-907.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.04.019

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2008/V32/I4/900

Figures/Tables 3

References 40

[1]	Aerts R (1999). Interspecific competition in natural plant communities: mechanisms, trade-offs and plant-soil feedbacks. Journal of Experimental Botany, 50,29-37.
[2]	Alkorta I, Aizpurua A, Riga P, Albizu I, Amezaga I, Garbisu C (2003). Soil enzyme activities as biological indicators of soil health. Reviews on Environmental Health, 18,65-73.
[3]	Asner GP, Beatty SW (1996). Effects of an African grass invasion on Hawaiian shrubland nitrogen biogeochemistry. Plant and Soil, 186,205-211.
[4]	Bao SD (鲍士旦) (2002). Soil and Agricultural Chemistry Analysis (土壤农化分析) 3rd edn. China Agricultural Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[5]	Briese DT (2004). Weed biological control: applying science to solve seemingly intractable problems. Australian Journal of Entomology, 43,304-317.
[6]	D'Antonio C, Meyerson LA (2002). Exotic plant species as problems and solutions in ecological restoration: a synthesis. Restoration Ecology, 10,703-713.
[7]	Ge SJ (葛盛军), Jin HP (金海平), Yang ZD (杨志德), Zhao YH (赵玉华), Liu QY (刘启云), Li CG (李成贵) (2003). Study on control of Eupatorium adenophorum by Pennisetum sinese Poxb . Journal of Sichuan Grassland (四川草原), (2),23-24. (in Chinese)
[8]	Guan SY (关松荫) (1986). The Soil Enzyme and Its Research Method (土壤酶及其研究方法). China Agricultural Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[9]	He DY (何大愚), Liang JS (梁家社) (1988). Advances in the control research of Eupatorium alenophorum. Advances in Ecology (生态学进展), 5(3),163-168. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]	Hester ES (1999). The initiation of a biological control programme against Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) Gentry (Bingoniaceae) in South Africa . African Entomology, 2,153-157.
[11]	Hoddle MS (2004). Restoring Balance: using exotic species to control invasive exotic species. Conservation Biology, 18,38-49.
[12]	Jiang ZL (蒋智林), Wan FH (万方浩), Liu WX (刘万学), Li ZY (李正跃) (2008). Competition Effects between Ageratina adenophora (Asteraceae) and Setaria sphacelata (Gramineae) . Scientia Agricutura Sinica (中国农业科学), 41,1347-1354. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]	Kluge RL (1991). Biological control of crofton weed, Ageratina adenophora (Asteraceae ), in South Africa. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 37,187-191.
[14]	Kourtev PS, Huang WZ, Ehrenfeld JG (1999). Differences in earthworm densities and nitrogen dynamics in soils under exotic and native plant species. Biological Invasions, 1,237-245.
[15]	Lao JC (劳家柽) (1988). Manual of Soil Agro-chemistry Analysis (土壤农化分析手册). China Agricultural Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[16]	Li Y, Jia JZ, Wang Y, Wu SZ (1998). Intraspecific and interspecific variation in Setaria revealed by RAPD analysis . Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 45,279-285.
[17]	Liu ZY (刘芷宇), Li LM (李良谟), Shi WM (施卫明) (1997). Research Methods in Rhizosphere (根际研究法). Jiangsu Science and Technology Publishing House, Nanjing. (in Chinese)
[18]	Lu CY (卢昌义), Hu HY (胡宏友), Zhang MQ (张明强), Zhong YT (钟跃庭), Zheng FZ (郑逢中) (2005). Studies on the control of alien invasive plant Macfadyena unguis-cati with ecological substitution . Plant Protection (植物保护), 31(3),53-56. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]	Lu JZ (陆建忠), Qiu W (裘伟), Chen JK (陈家宽), Li B (李博) (2005). Impact of invasive species on soil properties:Canadian goldenrod ( Solidago canadensis) as a case study . Chinese Biodiversity (生物多样性), 13,347-356. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]	Lugo AE (1997). The apparent paradox of reestablishing species richness on degraded lands with tree monocultures. Forest Ecology and Management, 99,9-19.
[21]	Meng YL (孟亚利), Wang LG (王立国), Zhou ZG (周治国), Chen BL (陈兵林), Wang Y (王瑛), Zhang LZ (张立桢), Bian HY (卞海云), Zhang SP (张思平) (2005). Effect of the composite root population of wheat-cotton double cropping system on soil enzyme activity and soil nutrient content at the cotton rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere zones. Scientia Agricultura Sinica (中国农业科学), 38,904-910. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]	Perry LG, Galatowitsch SM, Rosen CJ (2004). Competitive control of invasive vegetation: a native wetland sedge suppresses Phalaris arundinacea in carbon-enriched soil . Journal of Applied Ecology, 41,151-162.
[23]	Qiang S (强胜) (1998). The history and status of the study on crofton weed ( Eupatorium adenophorum spreng. ) a worst worldwide weed . Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research (武汉植物学研究), 16,366-372. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[24]	Radin JW, Eidenbock MP (1984). Hydraulic conductance as a factor limiting leaf expansion of phosphorus deficient cotton plants. Plant Physiology, 75,372-377. DOI URL PMID
[25]	Shi WM (施卫明) (1993). Root exudates and soil nutrients availability. Soils (土壤), 25,252-256. (in Chinese)
[26]	Singh JS, Raghubanshi AS, Singh RS, Srivastava SC (1989). Microbial biomass acts as a source of plant nutrients in dry tropical forest and savanna. Nature, 338,499-500.
[27]	Suding KN, Larson JR, Thorsos E, Steltzer H, Bowman WD (2004). Species effects on resource supply rates: do they influence competitive interactions? Plant Ecology, 175,47-58.
[28]	Sun XY, Lu ZH, Sang WG (2004). Review on studies of Eupatorium adenophorum—an important invasive species in China . Journal of Forestry Research, 15,319-322.
[29]	Suwanketnikom R (1992). Effect of surfactants and temperature on triclopyr activity in Eupatorium adenophorum Kasetsart . Journal of Natural Sciences, 26,195-202.
[30]	Vitousek PM, Aber CJ, Howarth RW, Likens GE, Matson PA, Schindler DW, Schlesinger WH, Tilman DG (1997). Human alteration of the global nitrogen cycle: causes and consequences. Ecological Applications, 7,737-750.
[31]	Wan FH (万方浩), Ma J (马骏), Guo JY (郭建英), You LS (游兰韶) (2003). Integrated control effects of Epiblema strenuana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and Ostrinia orientalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) against ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Compositae) . Acta Entomologica Sinica (昆虫学报), 46,473-478. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[32]	Wang CY (王重云), Liu WY (刘文耀), Liu LH (刘伦辉), Cui JW (崔建武) (2006). Plant diversity of different replaced communities after Eupatorium adenophorum removal . Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 17,377-383. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[33]	Wang J (王娟), Gu XJ (谷雪景), Zhao J (赵吉) (2006). Function of soil enzyme activities in indicating soil fertility in Leyluse chinensis steppe . Journal of Agro-Environment Science (农业环境科学学报), 25,934-938. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[34]	Wang WQ (王文琪), Wang JJ (王进军), Zhao ZM (赵志模) (2006). Seed population dynamics and germination characteristics of Eupatorium adenophorum. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 17,982-986. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[35]	Wu BG (武保国) (2003). Setaria grass. Rural Animal-Production Technologe (农村养殖技术), (16),25. (in Chinese)
[36]	Xiang YX (向业勋) (1991). Distribution and harmfulness of Eupatorium adenophorum and its control . Weed Science (杂草科学), 5(4),10-11. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[37]	Yao ZH (姚朝晖), Zhang WD (张无敌), Liu ZM (刘祖明) (2003). Control and utilization of the poisonous weed Eupatorium adenophorum. Agriculture and Technology (农业与技术), 23(1),23-28. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[38]	Yin J (尹俊) (2006). The current status and outlook of Eupatorium adenophorum control in southwest China . Pratacultural Science (草业科学), 23(6),82-85. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[39]	Zheng HY (郑洪元), Zhang DS (张德生) (1987). The Dynamics Analysis of Soil Biochemistry and Its Research Method (土壤动态生物化学研究法). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[40]	ХазИеВ ΦΧ (Zheng HY (郑洪元), Zhou LK (周礼恺), Zhang DS (张德生)) (1980). Soil Enzymatic Activity(in Russian). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)

植物群落 Community	土壤酶 Soil enzyme	铵态氮 NH₄⁺-N (mg·kg^-1)	硝态氮 NO₃^--N (mg·kg^-1)	有效磷 Available P (mg·kg^-1)	有效钾 Available K (mg·kg^-1)
A	蛋白酶 Protease activity (μg·g^-1·h^-1)	-0.057	-0.785**	-0.832**	-0.512*
S		-0.111	-0.890**	-0.962**	-0.604*
A+S		-0.074	-0.877**	-0.925**	-0.433
A	脲酶 Ureae activity (μg·g^-1·h^-1)	0.056	0.031	0.673**	0.141
S		0.652**	0.004	0.297	-0.293
A+S		0.221	-0.017	0.198	-0.616*
A	磷酸酶 Phosphatase activity (mg·g^-1·h^-1)	0.094	0.476*	0.801**	0.318
S		-0.120	0.550*	0.685**	0.145
A+S		-0.196	0.720**	0.835**	0.156
A	蔗糖酶 Invertase activity (ml·g^-1·h^-1)	-0.155	-0.766**	-0.697**	-0.365
S		-0.613**	-0.578**	-0.789*	-0.388
A+S		-0.381	-0.682**	-0.746**	-0.218

植物群落 Community	土壤酶 Soil enzyme	铵态氮 NH₄⁺-N (mg·kg^-1)	硝态氮 NO₃^--N (mg·kg^-1)	有效磷 Available P (mg·kg^-1)	有效钾 Available K (mg·kg^-1)
A	蛋白酶 Protease activity (μg·g^-1·h^-1)	-0.057	-0.785**	-0.832**	-0.512*
S		-0.111	-0.890**	-0.962**	-0.604*
A+S		-0.074	-0.877**	-0.925**	-0.433
A	脲酶 Ureae activity (μg·g^-1·h^-1)	0.056	0.031	0.673**	0.141
S		0.652**	0.004	0.297	-0.293
A+S		0.221	-0.017	0.198	-0.616*
A	磷酸酶 Phosphatase activity (mg·g^-1·h^-1)	0.094	0.476*	0.801**	0.318
S		-0.120	0.550*	0.685**	0.145
A+S		-0.196	0.720**	0.835**	0.156
A	蔗糖酶 Invertase activity (ml·g^-1·h^-1)	-0.155	-0.766**	-0.697**	-0.365
S		-0.613**	-0.578**	-0.789*	-0.388
A+S		-0.381	-0.682**	-0.746**	-0.218