REVIEW OF PROGRESS OF STUDIES ON SALT-TOLERANCE MECHANISMS OF ANNUAL HALOPHYTES

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.06.023

Abstract

Abstract:

Halophytes, i.e., plants that can growth and reproduce in saline soil, have a series of evolutionary strategies to adapt to saline environments. Annual halophytes have been the main subject of salt-tolerance research, because their short life cycle facilitates culture and observation, enabling ease of experimentation, genetic transformation and plant regeneration. Bearing greater survival risk, annual halophytes have a set of mechanisms safer than those of perennial halophytes, including seed dormancy when subjected to high salt, fast germination after rehydration, polymorphism in morphology and germination, persistent seed bank and plastic resource allocation. After successful germination, the life stages of vegetation growth, development and reproduction can endure severe salinity stress; the so-called mechanism of salt tolerance is to mediate salt in vivo during plant life. According to differences among plant species, the mechanisms of salt tolerance can be divided into salt-dilution, salt-secretion and salt-exclusion. Based on analyzing domestic and foreign literature, we review and summarize the common types of annual halophytes and their salt-tolerant mechanisms, including seed characteristics, plant morphology and structure, biochemistry and ecological behaviors.

Key words: annual halophyte, mechanism of salt tolerance, seed characteristics, plant morphology and structure, dormancy

ZHANG Ke, TIAN Chang-Yan, LI Chun-Jian. REVIEW OF PROGRESS OF STUDIES ON SALT-TOLERANCE MECHANISMS OF ANNUAL HALOPHYTES[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2009, 33(6): 1220-1231.

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稀盐 Salt-dilution	泌盐 Salt-secretion	拒盐 Salt-exclusion
藜科(Chenopodiaceae)	藜科(Chenopodiaceae)	菊科(Compositae)
雾冰藜(Bassia dasyphylla)	滨藜属(Atriplexspp.)	蒿(Artemisia spp.)
异子蓬(Borszczowia aralocaspica)	猪毛菜属(Salsola)	碱菀(Tripolium vulgare)
藜(Chenopodiumspp.)	藜(Chenopodiumspp.)	十字花科(Cruciferae)
盐生草(Halogeton glomeratus)	瓣鳞花科(Frankeniaceae)	小盐芥(Thellungiella salsuginea)
碱地肤(Kochia spp.)	瓣鳞花(Frankenia pulverulenta)	豆科(Leguminosae)
叉毛蓬(Petrosimonia sibirica)	禾本科(Gramineae)	黄芪(Astragalus)
碱蓬(Suaedaspp.)	棒头草(Polypogonspp.)	蓼科(Polygonaceae)
盐角草(Salicornia europaea)		萹蓄(Polygonum aviculare)

稀盐 Salt-dilution	泌盐 Salt-secretion	拒盐 Salt-exclusion
藜科(Chenopodiaceae)	藜科(Chenopodiaceae)	菊科(Compositae)
雾冰藜(Bassia dasyphylla)	滨藜属(Atriplexspp.)	蒿(Artemisia spp.)
异子蓬(Borszczowia aralocaspica)	猪毛菜属(Salsola)	碱菀(Tripolium vulgare)
藜(Chenopodiumspp.)	藜(Chenopodiumspp.)	十字花科(Cruciferae)
盐生草(Halogeton glomeratus)	瓣鳞花科(Frankeniaceae)	小盐芥(Thellungiella salsuginea)
碱地肤(Kochia spp.)	瓣鳞花(Frankenia pulverulenta)	豆科(Leguminosae)
叉毛蓬(Petrosimonia sibirica)	禾本科(Gramineae)	黄芪(Astragalus)
碱蓬(Suaedaspp.)	棒头草(Polypogonspp.)	蓼科(Polygonaceae)
盐角草(Salicornia europaea)		萹蓄(Polygonum aviculare)