植物生态学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 621-634.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0060

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禾草内生真菌作为生防因子的潜力分析

李秀璋, 姚祥, 李春杰*(), 南志标   

  1. 草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室, 兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2014-11-14 接受日期:2015-05-20 出版日期:2015-06-01 发布日期:2015-07-02
  • 通讯作者: 李春杰
  • 作者简介:

    *作者简介:E-mail:dengchuanyuan@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究发展规划(“973”计划) (2014CB138702)、国家自然科学基金(31372- 366)、教育部创新团队发展计划(IRT13019)

Potential analysis of grass endophytes Neotyphodium as biocontrol agents

LI Xiu-Zhang, YAO Xiang, LI Chun-Jie*(), NAN Zhi-Biao   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems;College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
  • Received:2014-11-14 Accepted:2015-05-20 Online:2015-06-01 Published:2015-07-02
  • Contact: Chun-Jie LI
  • About author:

    # Co-first authors

摘要:

早熟禾亚科多种禾草可与Neotyphodium内生真菌形成禾草-内生真菌共生体, 这种植物-微生物共生体性状较为稳定, 且在自然界中广泛存在。禾草-内生真菌共生体稳定的互利共生关系不但保证了内生真菌所需的全部营养物质, 而且共生体产生的次生代谢物又可显著提高宿主禾草对生物胁迫的抗逆性。众多研究表明, 内生真菌的侵染可显著提高宿主禾草对虫害、病害及伴生植物等多种生物胁迫的抗性。据不完全统计, 禾草内生真菌对蛛形纲、线虫纲、昆虫纲3个纲至少79个种的害虫表现出较明显的抗性, 对至少22个种的病原真菌表现出明显的抗性。尽管利用内生真菌进行禾草品种选育及其品质改良的技术日趋成熟, 但是内生真菌在不同宿主禾草之间高效的替代转化技术, 及其在宿主体内遗传的稳定性仍有待于进一步深入探索。研究者把禾草内生真菌作为生防手段, 在未来的应用过程中不应只考虑其与宿主禾草之间的共生特异性, 而应更全面地分析禾草-内生真菌-生态环境之间的相互关系, 让内生真菌更好地为人类服务。

关键词: 禾草内生真菌, 抗虫, 抗病, 生物防治, 潜力分析

Abstract:

Many grasses in the subfamily Pooideae develop symbioses with Neotyphodium fungal endophytes, which exist widely in nature. The stably symbiotic relationship not only ensures accessible nutrients required by Neotyphodium fungal endophytes, but also significantly increases the resistance of host grasses to biological stresses through the production of secondary metabolites. Previous studies show that infected grasses with endophytic fungi have prominently enhanced resistance to pests, plant diseases, companion plants and other biological stresses. Grass endophytic fungi show remarkable resistant to at least 79 species of pests from three classes; arachnida, nematode and insecta, and to at least 22 species of pathogenic fungi. Although the biotechnological application of endophytic fungi in grass breeding for variety selection and quality improvement has progressed well, opportunities remain for further exploring the use of fungal endophytes among different host grasses coupled with the examination of genetic stability of Neotyphodium in novel host grasses. In the future application of endophytic fungi as a bio-control method, researchers should not only consider specificities of host grasses, but also need to have comprehensive analysis and knowledge about the mutual relationships among grasses, endophytic fungi and ecological environments, which will help use endophytic fungi to better serve humanity.

Key words: Neotyphodium, pest resistance, disease resistance, biocontrol factor, potential analysis