植物生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 716-728.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0364

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

广西弄岗喀斯特季节性雨林藤本种子植物多样性及繁殖习性

蒋裕良, 李先琨*(), 郭屹立, 丁涛, 王斌, 向悟生*()   

  1. 广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室, 广西壮族自治区中国科学研究院广西植物研究所, 广西桂林 541006; 广西友谊关森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 广西凭祥 532600
  • 收稿日期:2016-11-29 接受日期:2017-04-05 出版日期:2017-07-10 发布日期:2017-08-21
  • 通讯作者: 李先琨,向悟生
  • 作者简介:* 共同通信作者Co-author for correspondence (E-mail:xiankunli@163.com; xwusheng@qq.com)
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技基础性工作专项(2015FY210200-14)、国家自然科学基金(NSFC31660130和31760131)、广西自然科学基金(2014GXNFSBA118081)和广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB16380256)

Diversity of climbing seed plants and their reproductive habit in a karst seasonal rain forest in Nonggang, Guangxi, China

Yu-Liang JIANG, Xian-Kun LI*(), Yi-Li GUO, Tao DING, Bin WANG, Wu-Sheng XIANG*()   

  1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, China; and Guangxi Youyiguan National Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Pingxiang, Guangxi 532600, China
  • Received:2016-11-29 Accepted:2017-04-05 Online:2017-07-10 Published:2017-08-21
  • Contact: Xian-Kun LI,Wu-Sheng XIANG
  • About author:KANG Jing-yao(1991-), E-mail: kangjingyao_nj@163.com

摘要:

藤本植物是森林生物多样性的重要组成部分, 但在生物多样性丰富的喀斯特森林中, 藤本植物的组成和繁殖物候等特征鲜为人知。为此, 作者通过长期的调查监测, 对弄岗喀斯特季节性雨林藤本种子植物的种类组成、物种分布、开花和结实时间以及种实类型进行了整理和分析。结果表明: 该区藤本种子植物种类丰富, 共有333种, 隶属56科145属, 其中藤状灌木119种, 草质藤本88种, 木质藤本126种。不同生活型的藤本在不同地貌部位的种数分布有所差异, 草质藤本较多分布在洼地, 藤状灌木和木质藤本较多分布在坡地。藤本种子植物的开花结实表现出一定的季节性, 开花高峰期在4-9月, 结实高峰期在7-12月, 其中藤状灌木的季节性相对较弱。藤本种子植物的开花比率与降水量和气温呈极显著的正相关关系, 每年雨季即为藤本种子植物的开花高峰期。结实高峰期比开花高峰期滞后约3个月, 出现在雨季末期或雨季结束后。在木质藤本中, 翅果比率与风速极显著正相关, 与降水量和气温极显著负相关, 说明了翅果型木质藤本趋于在高风速的干旱季节结实。总之, 弄岗喀斯特季节性雨林藤本种子植物的多样性和繁殖特征与生境资源的时空变异相关联。

关键词: 喀斯特, 季节性雨林, 种子植物, 藤本植物, 生活型, 开花, 结实, 生境资源

Abstract:

Aims Diversity of climbing seed plants and their reproductive habits and characteristics are central for the understanding of community structure and dynamics of forests and hence are important for forest protection. However, little is known about the climbing seed plants in northern tropical karst seasonal rain forests. Here, using the data of the species diversity and reproductive habits of climbing seed plants in Nonggang, Guangxi, China, we aim to 1) explore the species diversity and distribution of climbing seed plants in northern tropical karst seasonal rain forests, 2) study the flowering and fruiting phenology and 3) the associations of reproductive characteristics to the environment. Methods Species composition, preferred habitat, flowering time, fruiting time and fruit types of climbing seed plants were surveyed. The seasonality of flowering and fruiting were analyzed by concentration ratio and circular distribution. Climbing seed plants were divided into three groups according to their growth forms and places in spatial forest structure: bush ropes, herbaceous vines and lianas. Monthly flowering ratios, fruiting ratios, fruit types and their ratios in different groups were determined. These relationships of flowering ratio, fruiting ratio, fruit type and its ratio to meteorological factors were investigated using Pearson correlation analysis. Important findings There were a total of 333 species of climbing seed plants in Nonggang karst seasonal rain forest, belonging to 145 genera and 56 families. Bush ropes, herbaceous vines and lianas contained 119, 88 and 126 species, respectively. At species level, herbaceous vines were more abundance in valleys, while bush ropes and lianas were more abundance on slopes. Flowering and fruiting of climbing seed plants occurred seasonally, with flowering peaking in April to September, while fruiting peaking in July to December. The seasonality of flowering and fruiting in bush ropes was weaker than in herbaceous vines and lianas. Flowering ratio was significantly positively correlated with rainfall and air temperature, which suggest that flowering peaks in monsoon season. Peak time for fruiting was about three months later than the peak time of flowering, around the end of monsoon season. The ratio of samara species to all fruiting species in lianas was significantly positively correlated with wind speed, but negatively correlated with rainfall and air temperature. It showed that samara in lianas tended to occur in dry season with high wind speed. In conclusion, species diversity and the seasonal features of reproduction of climbing seed plants in Nonggang karst seasonal rain forest were closely related to the spatial and temporal variations of habitat resources.

Key words: karst, seasonal rain forest, seed plant, climbing plant, growth form, flowering, fruiting, habitat resource