中国温带、亚热带和热带森林45个常见树种细根直径变异

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.06.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

细根在发挥植物功能以及生态系统碳和养分循环过程中起着重要作用。为了解我国不同森林生态系统细根直径变化规律, 提供建立根系模型的基础, 该文研究了我国温带、亚热带和热带45个常见树种1~5级根直径的变异以及直径与根序的关系。结果表明: 1)在所有树种中, 1级根直径最细, 5级根直径最粗, 直径随根序的增加而增加。此外, 同一根序的直径在不同树种间变异较大, 在不同生态系统中, 各树种1级根的总体平均直径呈现温带<亚热带<热带的格局。2)不同生态系统树种同一根序平均直径变异程度不同, 各个根序都是温带最小, 亚热带次之, 热带最大。3)细根内部各个根序的平均直径变异的52%由根序解释, 33%由树种解释, 生态系统类型和生活型分别解释7%和2%。不同系统不同树种直径的变异说明无法用统一的直径级来研究根的功能, 也无法用统一的根序和直径间的关系来建立根系形态模型。今后的研究需要进一步认识根序和直径在不同树种中如何与根的功能相联系。

关键词: 细根, 直径, 根序, 温带, 亚热带, 热带

Abstract:

Aims Fine roots play an important role in plant functioning and ecosystem carbon and nutrient cycling. We studied root diameter across the first five branch orders of 45 tree species from three forest ecosystems in China, in order to: 1) examine fine root diameter distributions of various tree species in temperate, subtropical and tropical forests in China; 2) identify factors influencing the variations in root diameter; and 3) analyze the relationship between branch order and diameter.

Methods Fine roots of 45 tree species were sampled by branch order in temperate, subtropical and tropical forests in summers of 2006 and 2007. Study sites included Beijing Baihua, Shanxi Guandi, Shanxi Zhongtiao and Guangdong Dinghu Mountains and Yunnan Xishuangbanna. We excavated soil blocks of 20 cm×20 cm×10 cm to sample intact fine root branches containing at least the first five branch orders, dissected these intact root branches by order and measured the diameters of individual roots of each order.

Important findings Root diameter increases from first to fifth order, although the diameter of the same order varied markedly among species. On average, the diameter of tree species in the three forests is temperate < subtropical < tropical. Variations in diameter among species were different for the three forests: temperate < subtropical ≤ tropical. Branch order can explain 52% of diameter variations, species 33%, ecosystem 7% and life form 2%.

Key words: fine root, diameter, order, temperate, subtropical, tropical

常文静, 郭大立. 中国温带、亚热带和热带森林45个常见树种细根直径变异. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(6): 1248-1257. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.06.005

CHANG Wen-Jing, GUO Da-Li. VARIATION IN ROOT DIAMETER AMONG 45 COMMON TREE SPECIES IN TEMPERATE, SUBTROPICAL AND TROPICAL FORESTS IN CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2008, 32(6): 1248-1257. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.06.005

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.06.005

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2008/V32/I6/1248

图/表 7

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地点 Site	经纬度 Longitude & latitude	海拔 (m) Altitude	树种 Species	种拉丁名 Latin
百花山 Bai Hua Mtain	115.3°~115.5° E 39.5°~39.9° N	700~2 000	春榆	Ulmus propingqua
			蒙椴	Tilia mongolica
			黄花柳	Salix caprea
			接骨木	Sambucus williamsii
			大叶白蜡	Fraxinus rhynchophylla
关帝山 Guan Di Mtain	111.4°~111.6° E 37.8°~37.9° N	500~2 000	白杄	Picea meyeri
			青杄	Picea wilsonii
			油松	Pinus tabulaeformis
			辽东栎	Quercus liaotungensis
			千金榆	Carpinus cordata
			华北落叶松	Larix principis-rupprechtii
中条山 Zhong Tiao Mtain	112.4°~112.5° E 35.2°~35.3° N	1 000~3 000	红桦	Betula albo-sinensis
			青杨	Populus cathayana
			青榨槭	Acer davidii
			华山松	Pinus armandii
鼎湖山 Ding Hu Mtain	112.5°~112.6° E 23.1°~23.2° N	100~600	藜蒴	Chenopodium serotinum
			樟树	Cinnamomum camphora
			红车木	Syzygium hancei
			毛柿	Diospyros strigosa
			柃木	Eurya japonica
			阴香	Cinnamomum burmannii
			山参子	Sanguisorba officinalis
			鸡毛松	Podocarpus imbricatus
			火力楠	Michelia macclurei
			密花树	Rapanea neriifolia
			香叶树	Lindera communis
			短序润楠	Machilus breviflora
			鼎湖血桐	Macaranga sampsonii
			黑叶谷木	Memecylon nigrescens
			黄果厚壳桂	Cryptocarya concinna
西双版纳 Xishuangbanna	99.5°~101.6° E 21.1°~22.4° N	200~500	橄榄	Canarium album
			玉蕊	Barringtonia racemosa
			萍婆	Sterculia nobilis
			山柚柑	Acronychia pedunculata
			假广子	Knema erratica
			葱臭木	Dysoxylum gobara
			大叶山楝	Aphanamixis grandifolia
			圆果罗伞	Ardisia depressa
			尖叶茜树	Randia oxyodonta
			瑞丽润楠	Machilus shweliensis
			披针叶楠	Phoebe lanceolata
			思茅蒲桃	Syzygium szemaoense
			华南石栎	Lithocarpus fenestratus
			椴叶山麻杆	Alchornea tiliaefolia
			大花哥纳香	Goniothalamus griffithii

地点 Site	经纬度 Longitude & latitude	海拔 (m) Altitude	树种 Species	种拉丁名 Latin
百花山 Bai Hua Mtain	115.3°~115.5° E 39.5°~39.9° N	700~2 000	春榆	Ulmus propingqua
			蒙椴	Tilia mongolica
			黄花柳	Salix caprea
			接骨木	Sambucus williamsii
			大叶白蜡	Fraxinus rhynchophylla
关帝山 Guan Di Mtain	111.4°~111.6° E 37.8°~37.9° N	500~2 000	白杄	Picea meyeri
			青杄	Picea wilsonii
			油松	Pinus tabulaeformis
			辽东栎	Quercus liaotungensis
			千金榆	Carpinus cordata
			华北落叶松	Larix principis-rupprechtii
中条山 Zhong Tiao Mtain	112.4°~112.5° E 35.2°~35.3° N	1 000~3 000	红桦	Betula albo-sinensis
			青杨	Populus cathayana
			青榨槭	Acer davidii
			华山松	Pinus armandii
鼎湖山 Ding Hu Mtain	112.5°~112.6° E 23.1°~23.2° N	100~600	藜蒴	Chenopodium serotinum
			樟树	Cinnamomum camphora
			红车木	Syzygium hancei
			毛柿	Diospyros strigosa
			柃木	Eurya japonica
			阴香	Cinnamomum burmannii
			山参子	Sanguisorba officinalis
			鸡毛松	Podocarpus imbricatus
			火力楠	Michelia macclurei
			密花树	Rapanea neriifolia
			香叶树	Lindera communis
			短序润楠	Machilus breviflora
			鼎湖血桐	Macaranga sampsonii
			黑叶谷木	Memecylon nigrescens
			黄果厚壳桂	Cryptocarya concinna
西双版纳 Xishuangbanna	99.5°~101.6° E 21.1°~22.4° N	200~500	橄榄	Canarium album
			玉蕊	Barringtonia racemosa
			萍婆	Sterculia nobilis
			山柚柑	Acronychia pedunculata
			假广子	Knema erratica
			葱臭木	Dysoxylum gobara
			大叶山楝	Aphanamixis grandifolia
			圆果罗伞	Ardisia depressa
			尖叶茜树	Randia oxyodonta
			瑞丽润楠	Machilus shweliensis
			披针叶楠	Phoebe lanceolata
			思茅蒲桃	Syzygium szemaoense
			华南石栎	Lithocarpus fenestratus
			椴叶山麻杆	Alchornea tiliaefolia
			大花哥纳香	Goniothalamus griffithii

变异来源 Source of variation	df	直径 Diameter F	p
根序 Order	4	47.42	< 0.01
树种 Species	44	2.25	< 0.01
生态系统类型 Ecosystem type	2	6.13	< 0.01
根序×树种 Order×species	224	104.82	< 0.01
根序×生态系统类型 Order×ecosystem type	224	133.94	< 0.01
树种×生态系统类型 Species×ecosystem type	224	10.94	< 0.01
根序×树种×生态系统类型 Order×species×ecosystem type	224	73.56	< 0.01

变异来源 Source of variation	df	直径 Diameter F	p
根序 Order	4	47.42	< 0.01
树种 Species	44	2.25	< 0.01
生态系统类型 Ecosystem type	2	6.13	< 0.01
根序×树种 Order×species	224	104.82	< 0.01
根序×生态系统类型 Order×ecosystem type	224	133.94	< 0.01
树种×生态系统类型 Species×ecosystem type	224	10.94	< 0.01
根序×树种×生态系统类型 Order×species×ecosystem type	224	73.56	< 0.01

根序 Order	根序 Order
根序 Order	1	2	3	4	5
温带 Temperate
1	1.00
2	0.97^**	1.00
3	0.92^**	0.95^**	1.00
4	0.85^**	0.87^**	0.94^**	1.00
5	0.19	0.27	0.33	0.51^*	1.00
亚热带 Subtropical
1	1.00
2	0.80^**	1.00
3	0.70^**	0.95^**	1.00
4	0.61^*	0.85^**	0.88^**	1.00
5	0.49	0.52^*	0.58^*	0.78^**	1.00
热带 Tropical
1	1.00
2	0.99^**	1.00
3	0.98^**	0.99^**	1.00
4	0.93^**	0.94^**	0.97^**	1.00
5	0.93^**	0.94^**	0.93^**	0.90^**	1.00