植物防御的新发现: 植物-植物相互交流

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.01120

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物和昆虫在长期的相互作用过程中形成了复杂的防御体系。近年来, 人们发现植物在受到外界伤害后, 它们邻近的健康植物能够感受到威胁来临, 并积极表达抗性基因和产生防御物质。这种现象被称为“植物-植物相互交流”。一系列的相关研究表明: 绿叶挥发物和萜烯类物质是受伤害植物对邻近健康植物发送的主要信号, 邻近的健康植物在接收到这些挥发性有机化合物信号后, 直接防御和间接防御能力都能够迅速提升。人们猜测植物挥发性有机化合物“启动”了邻近健康植物的多种防御反应, 使它们在面临真正威胁时迅速做出防御反应。然而, 植物-植物交流的分子机制至今尚不清楚。我们运用拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)全基因组芯片技术和突变体材料, 对植物-植物交流的分子机理进行了探讨。结果发现: 有效的挥发性有机化合物并不限于绿叶挥发物和萜烯类物质, 且挥发性有机化合物的种类和节律能够相互配合, 从而达到最佳效果; 邻近健康植物的乙烯信号途径在植物-植物交流过程中是不可或缺的, 茉莉酸信号起到了辅助和信号放大的作用。

关键词: 乙烯, 植物防御, 挥发性有机化合物

Abstract:

Plants have developed sophisticated defense systems during their long-time interaction with insects. About three decades ago, it was found that insect-damaged plants can prime their neighbors to express defense proteins, and this phenomenon was called “plant-plant communication”. A series of studies have focused on this topic since then. Results indicate that green-leaf volatiles and terpenes are the main chemicals emitted from the infested plant to the healthy neighbor plants, while direct and indirect defenses of the neighbors may both be regulated. An important consensus about plant-plant communication mechanisms until now is that the volatile organic chemicals do not induce resistance directly, but sensitize the receiver plant for augmented response to subsequent damages, which is called “priming”. However, the molecular mechanism of this phenomenon is unclear. We used Arabidopsis thaliana genome arrays and mutants to examine the molecular mechanisms of plant-plant communication. Our results indicate that several volatiles are effective signals, and the active volatiles are correlated with their emission rhythms to achieve the optimum effect. The ethylene pathway is indispensable for sensing the induction signal in the early phase of induction, while Jasmonic acid signal can amplify the effects. As the mechanisms of plant-plant communication become clearer, future research may focus on the origin and evolution of this phenomenon.

Key words: ethylene, plant defense, volatile organic compound

张苏芳, 张真, 王鸿斌, 孔祥波. 植物防御的新发现: 植物-植物相互交流. 植物生态学报, 2012, 36(10): 1120-1124. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.01120

ZHANG Su-Fang, ZHANG Zhen, WANG Hong-Bin, KONG Xiang-Bo. New discovery about plant defense: plant-plant communication. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2012, 36(10): 1120-1124. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.01120

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.01120

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2012/V36/I10/1120

参考文献 34

1	Agrawal AA ( 2000). Communication between plants: this time it’s real. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 15, 446.
2	Arimura G, Ozawa R, Horiuchi J, Nishioka T, Takabayashi J ( 2001). Plant-plant interactions mediated by volatiles emitted from plants infested by spider mites. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 29, 1049-1061.
3	Arimura G, Ozawa R, Shimoda T, Nishioka T, Boland W, Takabayashi J ( 2000). Herbivory-induced volatiles elicit defence genes in lima bean leaves. Nature, 406, 512-515.
4	Baldwin IT, Halitschke R, Paschold A, von Dahl CC, Preston CA ( 2006). Volatile signaling in plant-plant interactions: “Talking trees” in the genomics era. Science, 311, 812-815.
5	Baldwin IT, Kessler A, Halitschke R ( 2002). Volatile signaling in plant-plant-herbivore interactions: What is real? Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 5, 351-354.
6	Baldwin IT, Schultz JC ( 1983). Rapid changes in tree leaf chemistry induced by damage: evidence for communica- tion between plants. Science, 221, 277-279.
7	Bate NJ, Rothstein SJ ( 1998). C₆-volatiles derived from the lipoxygenase pathway induce a subset of defense-related genes. Plant Journal, 16, 561-569. DOI URL
8	Bruin J, Dicke M ( 2001). Chemical information transfer between wounded and unwounded plants: backing up the future. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 29, 1103-1113.
9	Choh Y, Kugimiya S, Takabayashi J ( 2006). Induced production of extrafloral nectar in intact lima bean plants in response to volatiles from spider mite-infested conspecific plants as a possible indirect defense against spider mites. Oecologia, 147, 455-460.
10	Choh Y, Takabayashi J ( 2006). Herbivore-induced extrafloral nectar production in lima bean plants enhanced by previous exposure to volatiles from infested conspecifics. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 32, 2073-2077. DOI URL
11	Dicke M, Bruin J ( 2001). Chemical information transfer between damaged and undamaged plants. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 29, 979-980.
12	Dicke M, Dijkman H ( 2001). Within-plant circulation of systemic elicitor of induced defence and release from roots of elicitor that affects neighbouring plants. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 29, 1075-1087.
13	Dolch R, Tscharntke T ( 2000). Defoliation of alders (Alnus glutinosa) affects herbivory by leaf beetles on undamaged neighbours. Oecologia, 125, 504-511.
14	Engelberth J, Alborn HT, Schmelz EA, Tumlinson JH ( 2004). Airborne signals prime plants against insect herbivore attack. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101, 1781-1785.
15	Farag MA, Paré PW ( 2002). C₆-green leaf volatiles trigger local and systemic VOC emissions in tomato. Phyto- chemistry, 61, 545-554.
16	Farmer EE, Ryan CA ( 1990). Interplant communication; airborne methyl jasmonate induces synthesis of proteinase inhibitors in plant leaves. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 87, 7713-7716.
17	Frost CJ, Appel HM, Carlson JE, de Moraes CM, Mescher MC, Schultz JC ( 2007). Within-plant signalling via volatiles overcomes vascular constraints on systemic signalling and primes responses against herbivores. Ecology Letters, 10, 490-498.
18	Frost CJ, Mescher MC, Carlson JE, de Moraes CM ( 2008a). Plant defense priming against herbivores: getting ready for a different battle. Plant Physiology, 146, 818-824.
19	Frost CJ, Mescher MC, Dervinis C, Davis JM, Carlson JE, de Moraes CM ( 2008b). Priming defense genes and metabolites in hybrid poplar by the green leaf volatile cis-3-hexenyl acetate. New Phytologist, 180, 722-734.
20	Heil M, Karban R ( 2010). Explaining evolution of plant communication by airborne signals. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 25, 137-144.
21	Heil M, Silva Bueno JC ( 2007). Within-plant signaling by volatiles leads to induction and priming of an indirect plant defense in nature. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 104, 5467-5472.
22	Heil M, Ton J ( 2008). Long-distance signalling in plant defence. Trends in Plant Science, 13, 264-272. DOI URL
23	Himanen SJ, Blande JD, Klemola T, Pulkkinen J, Heijari J, Holopainen JK ( 2010). Birch (Betula spp.) leaves adsorb and re-release volatiles specific to neighbouring plants—a mechanism for associational herbivore resistance? New Phytologist, 186, 722-732.
24	Karban R ( 2001). Communication between sagebrush and wild tobacco in the field. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 29, 995-1005.
25	Karban R, Baldwin IT, Baxter KJ, Laue G, Felton GW ( 2000). Communication between plants: induced resistance in wild tobacco plants following clipping of neighboring sagebrush. Oecologia, 125, 66-71.
26	Kessler A, Halitschke R, Diezel C, Baldwin IT ( 2006). Priming of plant defense responses in nature by airborne signaling between Artemisia tridentata and Nicotiana attenuata. Oecologia, 148, 280-292.
27	Kishimoto K, Matsui K, Ozawa R, Takabayashi J ( 2005). Volatile C₆-aldehydes and allo-ocimene activate defense genes and induce resistance against Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant and Cell Physiology, 46, 1093-1102.
28	Kost C, Heil M ( 2006). Herbivore-induced plant volatiles induce an indirect defence in neighbouring plants. Journal of Ecology, 94, 619-628.
29	Rhoades DF ( 1983). Responses of alder and willow to attack by tent caterpillars and webworms: evidence for pheromonal sensitivity of willows. ACS Symposium Series, 208, 55-68.
30	Ruther J, Kleier S ( 2005). Plant-plant signaling: ethylene synergizes volatile emission in Zea mays induced by exposure to (Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 31, 2217-2222.
31	Ton J, D’Alessandro M, Jourdie V, Jakab G, Karlen D, Held M, Mauch-Mani B, Turlings TCJ ( 2006). Priming by airborne signals boosts direct and indirect resistance in maize. The Plant Journal, 49, 16-26.
32	Zhang SF ( 张苏芳 ) ( 2010). Multi-phase Study of Plant Defenses to Leafminer Damage (植物对斑潜蝇防御的多层次研究). PhD dissertation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei. 65-81. (in Chinese with English abstract)
33	Zhang SF, Wei JN, Guo XJ, Liu TX, Kang L ( 2010). Functional synchronization of biological rhythms in a tritrophic system. PLoS ONE, 5, e11064. DOI URL
34	Zhang SF, Wei JN, Kang L ( 2012). Transcriptional analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana response to lima bean volatiles. PLoS ONE, 7, e35867.

[1]	李亚超, 张慧, 许珊珊, 李明, 马祥庆, 吴鹏飞. 低磷胁迫下外源挥发性有机化合物对杉木幼苗根系磷利用的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(10): 1744-1754.
[2]	王振宇, 黄志群. 亚热带27种木本植物叶片性状对植食作用的影响: 验证生长-防御权衡假说[J]. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(11): 1501-1509.
[3]	钟志伟, 李晓菲, 王德利. 植物-植食性动物相互关系研究进展[J]. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(10): 1036-1048.
[4]	汪俊宇, 王小东, 马元丹, 傅卢成, 周欢欢, 王彬, 张汝民, 高岩. ‘波叶金桂’对干旱和高温胁迫的生理生态响应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2018, 42(6): 681-691.
[5]	刘芳,左照江,许改平,吴兴波,郑洁,高荣孚,张汝民,高岩. 迷迭香对干旱胁迫的生理响应及其诱导挥发性有机化合物的释放[J]. 植物生态学报, 2013, 37(5): 454-463.
[6]	左照江, 张汝民, 王勇, 侯平, 温国胜, 高岩. 冷蒿挥发性有机化合物主要成分分析及其地上部分结构研究[J]. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(4): 462-468.
[7]	陈婷, 曾波, 罗芳丽, 叶小齐, 刘巅. 外源乙烯和α-萘乙酸对三峡库区岸生植物野古草和秋华柳茎通气组织形成的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(5): 919-922.
[8]	王弋博, 冯虎元, 曲颖, 程佳强, $\boxed{\hbox{王勋陵}}$, 安黎哲. 活性氧在UV-B诱导的玉米幼苗叶片乙烯产生中的作用[J]. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(5): 946-951.
[9]	焦健, 李朝周, 黄高宝. 乙烯产生抑制剂对高温胁迫下蚕豆幼苗叶片的保护作用[J]. 植物生态学报, 2006, 30(3): 465-471.