柴达木盆地水生植物多样性格局及多假说验证

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2020.0364

植物生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (11): 1213-1220.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0364

柴达木盆地水生植物多样性格局及多假说验证

欧文慧¹, 刘亚恒¹^,², 李娜¹, 徐芷妍¹, 彭秋桐¹, 杨予静¹, 李中强¹^,^*()

¹湖北大学资源环境学院, 区域开发与环境响应湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430062
²湖北省生态环境科学研究院(省生态环境工程评估中心), 武汉 430072

收稿日期:2020-11-09 接受日期:2021-06-30 出版日期:2021-11-20 发布日期:2021-07-22
通讯作者: 李中强
作者简介:* (lizhq@hubu.edu.cn)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31570366);湖北省教育厅高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(T201701);湖北自然科学基金创新群体项目(2020CFA005)

Testing multiple hypotheses for the richness pattern of macrophyte in the Qaidam Basin of Northwest China

OU Wen-Hui¹, LIU Ya-Heng¹^,², LI Na¹, XU Zhi-Yan¹, PENG Qiu-Tong¹, YANG Yu-Jing¹, LI Zhong-Qiang¹^,^*()

¹Faculty of Resource and Environment, Hubei University, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Wuhan 430062, China
²Hubei Academy of Environmental Sciences (Hubei Provincial Eco-Environmental Engineering Assessment Center), Wuhan 430072, China

Received:2020-11-09 Accepted:2021-06-30 Online:2021-11-20 Published:2021-07-22
Contact: LI Zhong-Qiang
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31570366);Young and Middle-aged Science & Technology Innovation Team Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education(T201701);Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2020CFA005)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

物种多样性格局同时受到多个因子和过程的综合作用。以往对水生植物多样性格局形成机制的研究主要集中在几何限制、水分能量状况或随机过程等少数因子方面。该研究通过野外调查, 研究柴达木盆地水生植物沿经度和纬度梯度的分布格局, 并验证了对物种多样性分布格局影响较大的水分-能量假说、栖息地异质性假说、空间自相关、物种-面积效应和中域效应这5种假说。主要结果表明柴达木盆地水生植物多样性沿经度和纬度梯度均呈现“∩”形单峰格局。回归分析显示中域效应和物种-面积效应显著影响柴达木盆地水生植物多样性格局, 而水分-能量、栖息地异质性假说及空间自相关对该区域水生植物多样性格局影响较小。方差分解显示中域效应对柴达木盆地水生植物多样性经度和纬度格局的单独解释率分别为68.41%和66.91%, 该结果表明柴达木盆地水生植物多样性格局主要受几何限制和扩散限制影响。结合以往研究结果, 该研究进一步证实几何限制和随机效应可能是影响中国干旱区水生植物多样性分布格局的重要自然因素。

关键词: 多样性格局, 中域效应, 水分-能量假说, 空间自相关, 物种-面积效应, 栖息地异质性假说, 水生植物, 柴达木盆地

Abstract:

Aims Patterns of species richness are influenced by both ecological factors and processes. The formation mechanisms of macrophyte richness pattern have been mainly concentrated in a few aspects, such as geometric constraints, water-energy status, or random processes.
Methods In this study, using collected macrophyte species-level data in the Qaidam Basin, we examined macrophyte richness patterns along latitudinal and longitudinal gradients, and tested the mid-domain effect (MDE), area effect (AE), water-energy hypothesis, spatial autocorrelation, and habitat heterogeneity hypothesis for the geographical patterns.
Important findings Our study showed that the macrophyte richness in the Qaidam Basin showed a hump- shaped pattern along latitudinal and longitudinal gradients. Regression analyses indicated that MDE and AE, rather than water-energy hypothesis, spatial autocorrelation, or habitat heterogeneity hypothesis significantly influenced macrophyte richness in the Qaidam Basin. Variation partitioning showed that the explanatory power of MDE for longitudinal and latitudinal richness patterns of macrophyte was 68.41% and 66.91%, respectively. This result implies that macrophyte richness in the Qaidam Basin is mainly affected by geometric and dispersal restrictions. This study further confirms that geometric constraints and random processes may be important natural factors affecting the pattern of macrophyte richness in the arid area of Northwest China.

Key words: richness pattern, mid-domain effect, water-energy hypothesis, spatial autocorrelation, species-area effect, habitat heterogeneity hypothesis, macrophyte, Qaidam Basin

欧文慧, 刘亚恒, 李娜, 徐芷妍, 彭秋桐, 杨予静, 李中强. 柴达木盆地水生植物多样性格局及多假说验证. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(11): 1213-1220. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0364

OU Wen-Hui, LIU Ya-Heng, LI Na, XU Zhi-Yan, PENG Qiu-Tong, YANG Yu-Jing, LI Zhong-Qiang. Testing multiple hypotheses for the richness pattern of macrophyte in the Qaidam Basin of Northwest China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2021, 45(11): 1213-1220. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0364

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2020.0364

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2021/V45/I11/1213

图/表 6

图1 柴达木盆地水生植物调查采样点分布图。

Fig. 1 A map of macrophyte survey sites in the Qaidam Basin of northwest China.

图2 柴达木盆地水生植物的经度和纬度多样性分布格局。实线为中域效应模型预测值, 虚线为95%的置信区间。***, p < 0.001。

Fig. 2 Longitudinal and latitudinal pattern of macrophyte richness at the Qaidam Basin. Solid lines represent predicted richness by Range Model based on mid-domain effect. Dashed lines represent the 95% confidence interval. ***, p < 0.001.

图3 柴达木盆地水生植物物种-面积关系曲线。实线为物种-面积效应模型预测值, 虚线为95%的置信区间。***, p < 0.001。

Fig. 3 Species-area relationship curve of macrophytes in the Qaidam Basin. The solid line represents predicted richness by species-area effect, and dashed lines the 95% confidence interval. ***, p < 0.001.

表1 水环境因子对柴达木盆地水生植物丰富度的解释度

Table 1 Explanatory power of aquatic environmental factors on macrophyte species richness in the Qaidam Basin

水环境因子 Aquatic environment factor	解释度 Explain (%)	p
溶解性固体总量 TDS	2.0	0.046^*
盐度 Salinity	1.9	0.064
pH	1.5	0.154
电导率 Conductivity	1.3	0.250
水深 Water depth	1.0	0.460
温度 Temperature	0.9	0.478

表2 柴达木盆地水生植物多样性在水分-能量假说、空间自相关和栖息地异质性假说下的回归方程

Table 2 Regression equations of macrophyte richness in the Qaidam Basin under hypotheses of water-energy, spatial autocorrelation, and environmental heterogeneity

假说 Hypothesis	回归方程 Regression equation	p
水分-能量假说 Water-energy hypothesis	$\text{log}S=1.82-0.01\text{log}PAN-0.20\text{log}PET-0.02\text{log}PE{{T}^{2}}$	0.051
空间自相关 Spatial autocorrelation	-	0.250
栖息地异质性假说 Habitat heterogeneity hypothesis	$S=6.48-0.49TDS$	0.330

图4 中域效应及物种-面积效应对柴达木盆地水生植物经度和纬度多样性格局的相对影响。A, B分别为经度和纬度的中域效应和物种-面积效应的方差分解韦恩图。负值以0表示, 代表无解释度。

Fig. 4 Relative explanatory power of mid-domain effect and species-area effect on longitudinal and latitudinal patterns of macrophyte richness in the Qaidam Basin. A, B are the Venn diagram of the variance partitioning of mid-domain effect and species-area effect on longitude and latitude, respectively. The negative value is represented by 0, which means lack of explanatory power.

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柴达木盆地水生植物多样性格局及多假说验证

Testing multiple hypotheses for the richness pattern of macrophyte in the Qaidam Basin of Northwest China

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