滨海盐沼湿地蓝色碳汇功能、形成机制及其增汇潜力

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0264

植物生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 373-382.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0264

• 综述 • 下一篇

滨海盐沼湿地蓝色碳汇功能、形成机制及其增汇潜力

韩广轩¹^,²^,^*(), 王法明³, 马俊⁴, 肖雷雷¹, 初小静¹^,², 赵明亮¹^,²

¹中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所, 中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室, 山东烟台 264003
²中国科学院黄河三角洲滨海湿地生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 山东东营 257000
³中国科学院华南植物园小良热带海岸带生态系统研究站, 广州 510650
⁴复旦大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室, 上海 200438

收稿日期:2021-07-14 接受日期:2021-11-08 出版日期:2022-04-20 发布日期:2021-12-16
通讯作者: 韩广轩
作者简介:*(E-mail: gxhan@yic.ac.cn) ORCID: 韩广轩:0000-0003-2651-8599
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(U2106209);国家自然科学基金(42071126)

Blue carbon sink function, formation mechanism and sequestration potential of coastal salt marshes

HAN Guang-Xuan¹^,²^,^*(), WANG Fa-Ming³, MA Jun⁴, XIAO Lei-Lei¹, CHU Xiao-Jing¹^,², ZHAO Ming-Liang¹^,²

¹CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
²Yellow River Delta Field Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dongying, Shandong 257000, China
³Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
⁴Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200438, China

Received:2021-07-14 Accepted:2021-11-08 Online:2022-04-20 Published:2021-12-16
Contact: HAN Guang-Xuan
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2106209);National Natural Science Foundation of China(42071126)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

盐沼湿地具有很高的碳捕获与存储能力, 是缓解全球变暖的有效蓝色碳汇(蓝碳)。未来气候变暖和海平面上升可能增加盐沼湿地的固碳能力, 其蓝碳功能越来越受到国际社会的重视。该文重点围绕盐沼湿地蓝碳形成的关键过程、光合碳分配过程及影响机制、碳沉积埋藏特征及其来源解析、盐沼湿地土壤碳库稳定性及其微生物机制、盐沼湿地蓝碳过程动态模拟及其增汇潜力等5个方面进行综述。在此基础上, 针对当前研究的不足, 提出今后的研究中需要进一步探究盐沼湿地植被海陆梯度分布格局对碳吸收能力和碳分配的影响, 土壤有机碳沉积和埋藏速率及其对全球变化的响应, 盐沼湿地土壤碳库的稳定性及其横向碳流动, 气候变化和海平面上升背景下盐沼湿地蓝碳模拟与增汇潜力评估, 以及盐沼湿地蓝碳的增汇技术和途径。以期为深入理解盐沼湿地蓝碳形成过程与机制, 预测全球变化背景下盐沼湿地蓝碳功能的潜在变化趋势和制定蓝碳增汇途径提供理论支持, 助力碳达峰、碳中和目标实现。

关键词: 盐沼湿地, 蓝碳, 光合碳分配, 沉积埋藏, 有机碳稳定性, 增汇潜力

Abstract:

Owing to the high carbon capture and storage capacity, salt marshes are considered an effective blue carbon sink for mitigating global warming. In addition, salt marshes are likely to increase their carbon sink capacity in the future in response to climate warming and sea level rise. Therefore, the blue carbon sink function of salt marshes has received increasing attention from the international research community. This study reviewed the five aspects comprising the key processes of blue carbon formation, photosynthetic carbon allocation, burial fluxes and sources of sedimentary organic carbon, stability of soil carbon pools and the associated microbial mechanisms, and the simulation and assessment of blue carbon sequestration potentials in salt marshes. On this basis, concerning the main knowledge gaps, this paper proposes further research on the effect of vegetation distribution pattern along the land-to-sea hydrologic gradient on photosynthetic carbon fixation and allocation, the response of soil organic carbon deposition and burial to global change, the stability of soil carbon pools and its lateral exchange, blue carbon simulation and assessment of blue carbon sink potential in the context of climate change and sea level rise, and technologies and approaches of blue carbon sequestration in salt marshes. Prioritizing these research topics may elucidate the formation processes and mechanisms of blue carbon, predict the changing trend of blue carbon sequestration potential under global changes, and offer new insights into achieving the goal of “carbon peak and carbon neutrality”.

Key words: salt marsh, blue carbon, photosynthetic carbon allocation, sedimentary and burial, organic carbon stabilization, sequestration potential

韩广轩, 王法明, 马俊, 肖雷雷, 初小静, 赵明亮. 滨海盐沼湿地蓝色碳汇功能、形成机制及其增汇潜力. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(4): 373-382. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0264

HAN Guang-Xuan, WANG Fa-Ming, MA Jun, XIAO Lei-Lei, CHU Xiao-Jing, ZHAO Ming-Liang. Blue carbon sink function, formation mechanism and sequestration potential of coastal salt marshes. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(4): 373-382. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0264

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2021.0264

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2022/V46/I4/373

图/表 2

图1 潮汐作用下盐沼湿地固碳关键过程, 包括盐沼植物的光合作用及光合产物分配、碳沉积埋藏、土壤碳矿化分解、溶解有机碳(DOC)、颗粒有机碳(POC)、溶解无机碳(DIC)流失等。

Fig. 1 Key processes of carbon sequestration under tidal action, including photosynthesis and allocation of photosynthetic products, carbon deposition and burial, soil carbon mineralization, and losses of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in salt marshes.

图2 盐沼湿地土壤有机碳矿化关键过程, 包括盐沼植物的凋落分解、土壤有机碳水解、发酵、产酸、产CO2和CH4等。

Fig. 2 Key processes of soil organic carbon mineralization, including litter decomposition of salt marsh plant, hydrolysis, fermentation, acetogenesis, CO2 production generation and methanogenesis of soil organic carbon.

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滨海盐沼湿地蓝色碳汇功能、形成机制及其增汇潜力

Blue carbon sink function, formation mechanism and sequestration potential of coastal salt marshes

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