氮硅添加对高寒草甸垂穗披碱草叶片全氮含量及净光合速率的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0398

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

该文以青藏高原高寒草甸优势种垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)为研究对象, 探究不同水平氮肥与硅肥混合添加后对其叶片全氮含量和净光合速率的影响, 以期对高寒草甸牧场施肥提供一定的理论依据。研究发现: 氮、硅单独添加时, 均可提高垂穗披碱草叶片全氮含量以及净光合速率; 氮、硅配施处理对叶片全氮含量和净光合速率均存在显著的交互作用; 低(N₁)、中(N₂)、高(N₃) 3种不同浓度的氮肥处理下, 低硅(Si₁)添加对垂穗披碱草叶片全氮含量以及净光合速率没有显著的促进作用, 而添加中浓度硅肥(Si₂)可显著提高垂穗披碱草叶片全氮含量; 低、中浓度施氮水平下, 中浓度硅肥可显著促进垂穗披碱草光合作用; 叶片全氮含量和净光合速率最大平均值均出现在中浓度氮、硅肥配施下, 与不施肥相比分别提高了119.99%和85.70%; 就该试验而言, 施加氮肥的同时, 适当添加一些硅肥能够更好地提高垂穗披碱草叶片全氮含量和净光合速率, 且硅的添加量为8 g·m^-2时效果较好。

关键词: 垂穗披碱草, 氮硅配施, 交互作用, 叶片全氮含量, 净光合速率

Abstract: AimsElymus nutans is one of the dominant plant species in alpine meadow. Purpose of this research was to study the effects of nitrogen and silicon application on leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthetic rate in this species to provide scientific basis for fertilization practice in alpine meadow.MethodFour levels nitrogen combined with four levels silicon was applied to E. nutans plants in the alpine meadow. Leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthetic rate of E. nutans were measured.Important findings The results showed that there was a significant improvement in leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthetic rate of the E. nutans with nitrogen or silicon application alone; However, there was a significant interaction between nitrogen and silicon treatments on leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthetic rate; Combining with the three different levels nitrogen, low level silicon (Si₁) application did not increase leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthetic rate, but middle level silicon (Si₂) could significantly increase the leaf nitrogen content; Combining with the low (N₁) or middle (N₂) level nitrogen, middle level silicon (Si₂) application could significantly increase the net photosynthetic rate; Compared with that control without fertilization, the middle level nitrogen combined with the same level silicon treatment had the highest average of leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthetic rate, which increased by 119.99% and 85.70%, respectively. This study indicated application of nitrogen combined with silicon application enhanced leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthetic rate of E. nutans, and 8 g·m^-2silicon application had the best result among other treatments.

Key words: Elymus nutans, nitrogen and silicon application, interaction, leaf nitrogen content, net photosynthetic rate

司晓林, 王文银, 高小刚, 徐当会. 氮硅添加对高寒草甸垂穗披碱草叶片全氮含量及净光合速率的影响. 植物生态学报, 2016, 40(12): 1238-1244. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0398

Xiao-Lin SI, Wen-Yin WANG, Xiao-Gang GAO, Dang-Hui XU. Effects of nitrogen and silicon application on leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthetic rate of Elymus nutans in alpine meadow. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2016, 40(12): 1238-1244. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0398

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0398

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2016/V40/I12/1238

图/表 8

表1 氮、硅施肥组合

Table 1 The combination of nitrogen and silicon application

硅肥 H₂SiO₃ (g·m^-2)	氮肥 NH₄NO₃(g·m^-2)
硅肥 H₂SiO₃ (g·m^-2)	0 (N₀)	30 (N₁)	60 (N₂)	90 (N₃)
0 (Si₀)	N₀Si₀	N₁Si₀	N₂Si₀	N₃Si₀
4 (Si₁)	N₀Si₁	N₁Si₁	N₂Si₁	N₃Si₁
8 (Si₂)	N₀Si₂	N₁Si₂	N₂Si₂	N₃Si₂
12 (Si₃)	N₀Si₃	N₁Si₃	N₂Si₃	N₃Si₃

图1 氮硅单独添加对垂穗披碱草叶片全氮含量的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。N0-N3、Si0-Si3同表1。

Fig. 1 Effect of leaf nitrogen content of Elymus nutans with nitrogen and silicon added separately (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments (p < 0.05). N0-N3, Si0-Si3 see Table 1.

图2 氮硅配施对垂穗披碱草叶片全氮含量的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。不同小写字母表示同一施氮水平下不同浓度的硅肥处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。N1-N3、Si0-Si3同表1。

Fig. 2 Effect of leaf nitrogen content of Elymus nutans with nitrogen combined with silicon application (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different silicon treatments with the same nitrogen application (p < 0.05). N1-N3, Si0-Si3 see Table 1.

表2 不同浓度氮硅添加下对垂穗披碱草叶片全氮含量交互作用的分析结果

Table 2 Analysis of interaction between different levels of nitrogen combined with silicon for leaf nitrogen content of Elymus nutans

来源 Source	第三类平方和 Type III sum of squares	d.f.	平均值平方 Mean square	F	显著性 Sig.
修正的模型 Corrected Model	1 961.255^a	15	130.750	155.011	0.000
截距 Intercept	33 723.940	1	33 723.940	39 981.400	0.000
N	1 860.226	3	620.075	735.130	0.000
Si	81.426	3	27.142	32.178	0.000
N × Si	19.603	9	2.178	2.582	0.016
错误 Error	40.488	48	0.843
总计 Total	35 725.682	64
校正后总数 Corrected total	2 001.742	63

图3 氮硅单独添加对垂穗披碱草叶片净光合速率的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。N0-N3、Si0-Si3同表1。

Fig. 3 Effect of net photosynthetic rate of Elymus nutans with nitrogen and silicon added separately (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between treatments (p < 0.05). N0-N3, Si0-Si3 see Table 1.

表3 不同浓度氮硅添加下对叶片净光合速率的交互作用分析结果

Table 3 Analysis of interaction in different levels of nitrogen combined with silicon for net photosynthetic rate of Elymus nutans

来源 Source	第三类平方和 Type III sum of squares	d.f.	平均值平方 Mean square	F	显著性 Sig.
修正的模型 Corrected Model	3 196.442^a	15	213.096	60.984	0.000
截距 Intercept	114 412.392	1	114 412.392	32 742.537	0.000
N	2 787.497	3	929.166	265.909	0.000
Si	306.681	3	102.227	29.225	0.000
N × Si	102.263	9	11.363	3.252	0.004
错误 Error	167.727	48	3.494
总计 Total	117 776.560	64
校正后总数 Corrected total	3 363.168	63

图4 氮硅配施对垂穗披碱草净光合速率的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。不同小写字母表示同一施氮水平下不同浓度的硅肥处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。N1-N3、Si0-Si3同表1。

Fig. 4 Effect of net photosynthetic rate of Elymus nutans with nitrogen combined with Silicon treatments (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different silicon treatments with the same nitrogen addition (p < 0.05). N1-N3, Si0-Si3 see Table 1.

图5 不同施氮量下添加硅肥, 叶片氮含量和净光合速率的相关性分析。N0-N3同表1。

Fig. 5 Relationships between leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthetic rate in different nitrogen application with silicon addition. N0-N3 see Table 1.

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