山杏叶片光合生理参数对土壤水分和光照强度的阈值效应

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00322

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以半干旱黄土丘陵区主要灌木树种山杏(Prunus sibirica)为试验材料, 应用CIRAS-2型光合作用仪测定不同土壤质量含水量(W_m)下山杏叶片净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)及水分利用效率(WUE)的光响应过程, 探讨山杏光合特性对土壤水分和光照条件的适应性。结果表明: P_n、T_r及WUE对W_m和光照强度的变化有明显的阈值响应。随着W_m (6.5%-18.6%)的递增, 光补偿点降低, 光饱和点、表观量子效率和最大净光合速率均升高; 在W_m为18.6%时, 山杏利用弱光和强光的能力最强, 光照生态幅最宽。随着W_m(9.2%-18.6%)的递增, P_n、T_r有明显升高的趋势, 水分过高或过低, 两者均呈现下降趋势; 山杏对光照环境的适应性较强, 在光合有效辐射为800-1 200 µmol∙m^-2∙s^-1时, P_n和WUE都具有较高水平, 饱和光强在983-1 365 µmol∙m ^-2∙s^-1之间。以光合生理参数为指标对山杏土壤水分有效性及生产力进行分级与评价, 确定W_m < 9.2%或W_m > 22.3%时为“低产中效水”; W_m在20.5%-22.3%和9.2%-12.9%时, 分别为“中产低效水”和“中产中效水”; W_m在12.9%-20.5%时为“高产高效水”。其中W_m为18.6%时为“最佳产效水”, 对应光强为1 365 µmol∙m^-2∙s^-1。

关键词: 净光合速率, 山杏, 土壤水分有效性, 阈值效应, 水分利用效率

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to investigate the threshold effects of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and soil mass water content (W_m) on photosynthetic and physiological parameters of Prunus sibirica, and understand the adaptability of P. sibirica to light and soil moisture conditions. We determined optimal W_m and PAR for P. sibirica to maintain higher net photosynthetic rate (P_n) and water use efficiency (WUE).
Methods Using CIRAS-2 portable photosynthesis system, we measured P_n, transpiration rate (T_r), WUE and other photosynthetic and physiological parameters of three-year-old P. sibirica under different soil moisture conditions.
Important findings P_n, T_r and WUE of P. sibirica had the critical response to soil moisture content and PAR. With increases in W_m (6.5%-18.6%), the light compensation point decreased and light saturation point, apparent quantum yield and maximum P_n increased. When W_m was about 18.6%, the low and high light use efficiency of P. sibirica was maximal. The index of P_n, T_r obviously increased with increasing W_m (9.2% to 18.6%), but P_n, T_rdecreased when W_m was too high or low. When PAR ranged from 800 to 1 200 µmol∙m^-2∙s^-1, P_n and WUE were higher and the light saturation points of P_n and WUE were from 983 to 1 365 µmol∙m ^-2∙s^-1. These indicated that P. sibirica possessed higher adaptability to light conditions. Based on photosynthetic and physiological parameters, the soil water availability and productivity of P. sibirica were classified and evaluated. For P. sibirica woodland, < 9.2% or >22.3% were low productivity and middle WUE, 20.5%-22.3% was middle productivity and low WUE, 9.2%-12.9% of W_m was middle productivity and middle WUE and 12.9%-20.5% of W_mwas high productivity and high WUE. The optimum high productivity and high WUE of W_m were about 18.6%, and the corresponding optimum PAR was about 1 365 µmol∙m ^-2∙s^-1.

Key words: net photosynthetic rate, Prunus sibirica, soil water availability, threshold effect, water use efficiency

夏江宝, 张光灿, 孙景宽, 刘霞. 山杏叶片光合生理参数对土壤水分和光照强度的阈值效应. 植物生态学报, 2011, 35(3): 322-329. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00322

XIA Jiang-Bao, ZHANG Guang-Can, SUN Jing-Kuan, LIU Xia. Threshold effects of photosynthetic and physiological parameters in Prunus sibirica to soil moisture and light intensity. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2011, 35(3): 322-329. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00322

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2011/V35/I3/322

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土壤质量含水量(相对含水量) W_m (W_r)	表观量子效率 AQY (μmol?mol^-1)	暗呼吸速率 R_d(μmol?m^-2?s^-1)	光补偿点 LCP (μmol?m^-2?s^-1)	光饱和点 LSP (μmol?m^-2?s^-1)	最大净光合速率 P_nmax(μmol?m^-2?s^-1)
22.3% (81.8%)	0.022 ± 0.005^bc	-1.07 ± 0.14^d	61 ± 10^b	1 023 ± 20^d	6.46 ± 0.28^d
20.5% (74.5%)	0.033 ± 0.002^b	-1.24 ± 0.26^c	46 ± 8^c	1 110 ± 23^c	8.47 ± 0.56^c
18.6% (67.6%)	0.083 ± 0.003^a	-1.64 ± 0.15^b	22 ± 4^d	1 365 ± 32^a	13.30 ± 0.45^a
16.9% (61.5%)	0.043 ± 0.005^b	-1.85 ± 0.32^a	47 ± 6^c	1 268 ± 14^b	12.66 ± 0.40^ab
14.8% (53.8%)	0.033 ± 0.012^b	-1.92 ± 0.35^a	64 ± 10^ab	1 212 ± 28^b	11.62 ± 0.21^b
12.9% (46.9%)	0.033 ± 0.008^b	-1.64 ± 0.21^b	70 ± 11^a	1 025 ± 16^d	9.70 ± 0.38^c
9.2% (33.5%)	0.033 ± 0.007^b	-1.06 ± 0.19^d	41 ± 6^c	997 ± 21^d	5.72 ± 0.15^de
6.5% (23.6%)	0.015 ± 0.006^cd	-0.67 ± 0.05^e	47 ± 5^c	983 ± 20^d	4.14 ± 0.12^e

土壤质量含水量(相对含水量) W_m (W_r)	表观量子效率 AQY (μmol?mol^-1)	暗呼吸速率 R_d(μmol?m^-2?s^-1)	光补偿点 LCP (μmol?m^-2?s^-1)	光饱和点 LSP (μmol?m^-2?s^-1)	最大净光合速率 P_nmax(μmol?m^-2?s^-1)
22.3% (81.8%)	0.022 ± 0.005^bc	-1.07 ± 0.14^d	61 ± 10^b	1 023 ± 20^d	6.46 ± 0.28^d
20.5% (74.5%)	0.033 ± 0.002^b	-1.24 ± 0.26^c	46 ± 8^c	1 110 ± 23^c	8.47 ± 0.56^c
18.6% (67.6%)	0.083 ± 0.003^a	-1.64 ± 0.15^b	22 ± 4^d	1 365 ± 32^a	13.30 ± 0.45^a
16.9% (61.5%)	0.043 ± 0.005^b	-1.85 ± 0.32^a	47 ± 6^c	1 268 ± 14^b	12.66 ± 0.40^ab
14.8% (53.8%)	0.033 ± 0.012^b	-1.92 ± 0.35^a	64 ± 10^ab	1 212 ± 28^b	11.62 ± 0.21^b
12.9% (46.9%)	0.033 ± 0.008^b	-1.64 ± 0.21^b	70 ± 11^a	1 025 ± 16^d	9.70 ± 0.38^c
9.2% (33.5%)	0.033 ± 0.007^b	-1.06 ± 0.19^d	41 ± 6^c	997 ± 21^d	5.72 ± 0.15^de
6.5% (23.6%)	0.015 ± 0.006^cd	-0.67 ± 0.05^e	47 ± 5^c	983 ± 20^d	4.14 ± 0.12^e

类群 Cluster	土壤质量含水量 Soil mass water content (W_m)	土壤水分生产力分级 Grading of soil moisture productivity	土壤质量含水量预测阈值 The W_m threshold value of predication	光合生理参数(平均值±标准误差) Photosynthetic and physiological parameters (mean ± SE)
类群 Cluster	土壤质量含水量 Soil mass water content (W_m)	土壤水分生产力分级 Grading of soil moisture productivity	土壤质量含水量预测阈值 The W_m threshold value of predication	净光合速率 P_n(μmol?m^-2?s^-1)	蒸腾速率 T_r(mmol?m^-2?s^-1)	水分利用效率 WUE (mmol?mol^-1)
A	22.3%, 9.2%, 6.5%	低产中效水 Low productivity and middle WUE	>22.3% or <9.2%	4.30 ± 0.89^c	1.29 ± 0.29^b	2.93 ± 0.34^b
B	20.5%, 12.9%	中产低效水 Middle productivity and low WUE	20.5%-22.3%	6.92 ± 0.43^b	2.48 ± 0.88^a	2.66 ± 0.95^c
B	20.5%, 12.9%	中产中效水 Middle productivity and middle WUE	9.2%-12.9%	6.92 ± 0.43^b	2.48 ± 0.88^a	2.66 ± 0.95^c
C	18.6%, 16.9%, 14.8%	高产高效水 High productivity and high WUE	12.9%-20.5%	10.09 ± 1.35^a	2.53 ± 0.28^a	3.82 ± 0.35^a

类群 Cluster	土壤质量含水量 Soil mass water content (W_m)	土壤水分生产力分级 Grading of soil moisture productivity	土壤质量含水量预测阈值 The W_m threshold value of predication	光合生理参数(平均值±标准误差) Photosynthetic and physiological parameters (mean ± SE)
类群 Cluster	土壤质量含水量 Soil mass water content (W_m)	土壤水分生产力分级 Grading of soil moisture productivity	土壤质量含水量预测阈值 The W_m threshold value of predication	净光合速率 P_n(μmol?m^-2?s^-1)	蒸腾速率 T_r(mmol?m^-2?s^-1)	水分利用效率 WUE (mmol?mol^-1)
A	22.3%, 9.2%, 6.5%	低产中效水 Low productivity and middle WUE	>22.3% or <9.2%	4.30 ± 0.89^c	1.29 ± 0.29^b	2.93 ± 0.34^b
B	20.5%, 12.9%	中产低效水 Middle productivity and low WUE	20.5%-22.3%	6.92 ± 0.43^b	2.48 ± 0.88^a	2.66 ± 0.95^c
B	20.5%, 12.9%	中产中效水 Middle productivity and middle WUE	9.2%-12.9%	6.92 ± 0.43^b	2.48 ± 0.88^a	2.66 ± 0.95^c
C	18.6%, 16.9%, 14.8%	高产高效水 High productivity and high WUE	12.9%-20.5%	10.09 ± 1.35^a	2.53 ± 0.28^a	3.82 ± 0.35^a