Abstract: As a greenhouse gas with a strong warming effect, nitrous oxide (N2O) is also one of the main substances that destroy the atmospheric ozone layer. It has a strong feedback effect on climate change. Plants are another important source of N2O emissions in terrestrial ecosystems besides soil and related studies have received extensive attention in recent years. Based on the existing research results, this paper summarizes the research methods, mechanisms and their influencing factors related to N2O emissions from terrestrial plants. Existing studies have mainly determined the changes of N2O emission from plants by in situ and in vitro methods. The potential mechanisms for N2O emission from terrestrial plants are as follows: 1) the plant produces N2O during nitrogen metabolism; 2) microbial activities in or on the surface of the plant produce N2O; and 3) the plant acts as a soil N2O channel during the gas exchange process. Plant emissions of N2O are related to internal and external factors. The internal factors include plant species, different organs of the same plant and different developmental periods, etc.; external factors include light, temperature, water, nutrients and microorganisms. However, there is still a lack of in-depth analysis on the specific mechanisms. Therefore, combining metagenomic technology to determine plant microbial genomes under different soil environmental conditions, analyzing their microbial community structure, and elucidating the microbial mechanisms underlying the flux differences of N2O emissions from plants in different habitats; Using metatranscriptome technology to determine total RNA in plant tissues and analyze the expression abundance changes of N2O emission related genes under different environmental conditions; And using isotope labeling technology to track the nitrogen metabolism process of plants, further revealing the mechanism of N2O flux changes in plants, which is of great significance for supplementing and improving N2O prediction models such as "Ecosys" for global climate change., And provide theoretical reference for the formulation of greenhouse gas emission reduction measures.

Key words: greenhouse gases, plants N2O flux, emission mechanisms, influencing factors, research method