Effects of different ratios of straw to N-fertilizer on growth of Malus hupehensis seedling and its absorption, distribution and utilization of nitrogen

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00169

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims The study was to explore the effects of different ratios of straw to N-fertilizer on growth of Malus hupehensis seedlings and ¹⁵N absorption, distribution and utilization in them.
Methods Using ¹⁵N trace technique, we measured growth parameters (plant height, basal stem diameter and dry weight) and ¹⁵N parameters (absorption, N derived from fertilizer, distribution and utilization) of two-year-old M. hupehensis seedlings and C/N ratio in soil organic matter under different straw-nitrogen fertilizer treatments.
Important findings Seedlings grew best under the condition of 45 : 1 of soil to straw and 300 mg·kg^-1 N addition, showing the greatest height, basal stem diameter and total dry weight: 85.33 cm, 8.05 mm and 74.68 g, respectively. Total nitrogen, the ¹⁵N uptake and ¹⁵N utilization were also greatest: 0.938 g, 29.2 mg and 9.7%, respectively. The root/shoot ratio of seedlings without addition of straw (the control treatment) was 1.54, higher than those of other treatments. The ¹⁵N derived from fertilizer (Ndff) values of the aboveground parts for all the treatments were higher than those of the belowground parts, and the control showed the highest Ndff values in both aboveground and belowground parts, which were 7.94% and 4.69%, respectively. The ¹⁵N distribution ratios of the aboveground parts were higher than those of belowground parts in all treatments except the control. Straw additions could obviously increase the contents of organic matter and total nitrogen in soil and increase C/N ratio of soil organic matter. The correlation analysis showed that the C/N ratio of soil organic matter was significantly negatively correlated with the Ndff value of the belowground parts, as well as in the whole plant. Our findings suggest that it is better to apply nitrogen at rates between 200 and 300 mg·kg^-1when corn straw is added into orchard soil.

Key words: absorption, distribution, Malus hupehensis, nitrogenous, straw, utilization

CUI Tong-Li, JIANG Yuan-Mao, PENG Fu-Tian, WEI Shao-Chong. Effects of different ratios of straw to N-fertilizer on growth of Malus hupehensis seedling and its absorption, distribution and utilization of nitrogen[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2012, 36(2): 169-176.

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Figures/Tables 5

References 32

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处理 Treatment		株高 Height (cm)	基径 Basal stem diameter (mm)	地上部干重 Aboveground parts dry weight (g)	地下部干重Underground parts dry weight (g)	根冠比 Root/shoot ratio	总干重 Total dry weight (g)
CK		46.92^d	5.59^d	13.08^e	19.70^de	1.54^a	32.78^d
N2	S1	77.50^ab	7.58^ab	31.44^b	26.51^bc	0.84^bc	57.94^b
	S2	72.67^b	6.98^bc	23.57^cd	23.29^cd	1.01^b	46.86^c
	S3	59.83^c	5.73^d	23.22^cd	22.39^cd	0.96^bc	45.61^c
	S4	74.22^b	7.56^ab	24.15^c	18.10^e	0.75^c	42.25^cd
S2	N1	58.67^c	6.51^cd	20.28^d	20.44^de	0.99^b	40.72^cd
	N2	72.67^b	6.98^bc	23.57^cd	23.29^cd	1.01^b	46.86^c
	N3	85.33^a	8.05^a	39.71^a	34.96^a	0.88^bc	74.68^a
	N4	79.17^ab	7.78^ab	31.65^b	29.25^b	0.92^bc	60.91^b

处理 Treatment		株高 Height (cm)	基径 Basal stem diameter (mm)	地上部干重 Aboveground parts dry weight (g)	地下部干重Underground parts dry weight (g)	根冠比 Root/shoot ratio	总干重 Total dry weight (g)
CK		46.92^d	5.59^d	13.08^e	19.70^de	1.54^a	32.78^d
N2	S1	77.50^ab	7.58^ab	31.44^b	26.51^bc	0.84^bc	57.94^b
	S2	72.67^b	6.98^bc	23.57^cd	23.29^cd	1.01^b	46.86^c
	S3	59.83^c	5.73^d	23.22^cd	22.39^cd	0.96^bc	45.61^c
	S4	74.22^b	7.56^ab	24.15^c	18.10^e	0.75^c	42.25^cd
S2	N1	58.67^c	6.51^cd	20.28^d	20.44^de	0.99^b	40.72^cd
	N2	72.67^b	6.98^bc	23.57^cd	23.29^cd	1.01^b	46.86^c
	N3	85.33^a	8.05^a	39.71^a	34.96^a	0.88^bc	74.68^a
	N4	79.17^ab	7.78^ab	31.65^b	29.25^b	0.92^bc	60.91^b

处理 Treatment		植株全氮 Total nitrogen of plant (mg)	¹⁵N吸收量 ¹⁵N uptake amount (mg)	¹⁵N利用率 ¹⁵N utilization ratio (%)
CK		376.90 ± 59.40^e	15.90 ± 1.70^d	5.29 ± 0.95^d
N2	S1	778.40 ± 52.30^bc	17.60 ± 1.00^cd	5.87 ± 0.59^cd
	S2	604.40 ± 3.50^d	21.80 ± 1.00^b	7.28 ± 0.57^b
	S3	626.80 ± 26.80^cd	20.40 ± 1.80^bc	6.79 ± 1.03^bc
	S4	597.60 ± 65.40^d	17.70 ± 1.50^cd	5.88 ± 0.85^cd
S2	N1	525.90 ± 59.90^de	17.90 ± 0.60^cd	5.96 ± 0.35^cd
	N2	604.40 ± 3.50^d	21.80 ± 1.00^b	7.28 ± 0.57^b
	N3	938.10 ± 52.40^a	29.20 ± 0.90^a	9.74 ± 0.52^a
	N4	834.50 ± 53.80^ab	27.10 ± 1.20^a	9.02 ± 0.67^a

处理 Treatment		植株全氮 Total nitrogen of plant (mg)	¹⁵N吸收量 ¹⁵N uptake amount (mg)	¹⁵N利用率 ¹⁵N utilization ratio (%)
CK		376.90 ± 59.40^e	15.90 ± 1.70^d	5.29 ± 0.95^d
N2	S1	778.40 ± 52.30^bc	17.60 ± 1.00^cd	5.87 ± 0.59^cd
	S2	604.40 ± 3.50^d	21.80 ± 1.00^b	7.28 ± 0.57^b
	S3	626.80 ± 26.80^cd	20.40 ± 1.80^bc	6.79 ± 1.03^bc
	S4	597.60 ± 65.40^d	17.70 ± 1.50^cd	5.88 ± 0.85^cd
S2	N1	525.90 ± 59.90^de	17.90 ± 0.60^cd	5.96 ± 0.35^cd
	N2	604.40 ± 3.50^d	21.80 ± 1.00^b	7.28 ± 0.57^b
	N3	938.10 ± 52.40^a	29.20 ± 0.90^a	9.74 ± 0.52^a
	N4	834.50 ± 53.80^ab	27.10 ± 1.20^a	9.02 ± 0.67^a

处理 Treatment		地上部 Aboveground portion		地下部 Underground portion		地上部/地下部 Aboveground portion /underground portion
处理 Treatment		Ndff (%)	¹⁵N分配率 ¹⁵N distribution ratio (%)	Ndff (%)	¹⁵N分配率 ¹⁵N distribution ratio (%)	地上部/地下部 Aboveground portion /underground portion
CK		7.94^a	42.27 ± 8.39^c	4.69^a	57.73 ± 8.39^a	0.73 ± 0.27^c
N2	S1	4.81^c	64.91 ± 7.24^ab	1.98^d	35.09 ± 7.24^bc	1.85 ± 0.50^a
	S2	6.92^ab	53.73 ± 9.52^bc	3.34^b	46.27 ± 9.52^ab	1.16 ± 0.38^bc
	S3	6.68^b	59.73 ± 7.57^ab	2.87^c	40.27 ± 7.57^bc	1.48 ± 0.37^ab
	S4	6.36^b	65.60 ± 3.45^a	2.31^d	34.40 ± 3.45^c	1.91 ± 0.27^a
S2	N1	7.72^ab	62.68 ± 2.65^ab	3.04^bc	37.32 ± 2.65^bc	1.68 ± 0.18^ab
	N2	6.92^ab	53.73 ± 9.52^bc	3.34^b	46.27 ± 9.52^ab	1.16 ± 0.38^bc
	N3	6.46^b	60.05 ± 2.49^ab	2.78^c	39.95 ± 2.49^bc	1.50 ± 0.15^ab
	N4	6.77^ab	60.68 ± 6.44^ab	2.89^c	39.32 ± 6.44^bc	1.54 ± 0.36^ab