Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on fine root morphology, nitrogen and phosphorus efficiency of Pinus massoniana clone under phosphorus deficiency

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2016.0109

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims In forest ecosystems with phosphorus (P) deficiency, the impact of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on nutritional traits related to N and P uptake potentially affect plant growth and vegetation productivity. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of simulated N deposition on fine root morphological characteristics and effiency of N and P absorption in Pinus massoniana under under low P stress.
Methods Two clones of P. massoniana seedling with different P efficiency (high P efficiency 19-5 vs. low P efficiency 21-3) were used. A two-year pot experiment was applyed with treatments of two P conditions, (i.e. homogeneous low P availability vs. heterogeneous low P availability) and three N deposition levels (0, 30 and 120 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1; i.e., N0, N30, or N120, respectively) .
Important findings 1) The growth of P. massoniana seedling was interactively affected the three factors: simulated N deposition, P condition and genotypes. Simulated N deposition increased the seedling height and dry mass under heterogeneous P deficiency, but did not significantly affect those traits under homogeneous P deficiency. Under heterogeneous P deficiency and N120 treatment, the seedling height and dry mass of clone 19-5 were 1.1 times and 1.6 times higher than that of clone 21-3, respectively. 2) Fine root length and surface area decreased as root diameter increased. N deposition significantly stimulated proliferation of fine root with diameter ≤1.5 mm, while roots with diameters ranged from 1.5 to 2.0 mm and over 2.0 mm were not influenced. The length of fine root ≤1.5 mm in diameter accounted for 90.4%-92.8% of the total root length and was not affected by N deposition. 3) Under the heterogeneous low P condition, clone 19-5 was found to respond to the simulated N deposition with increased root length and surface area in fine-root diameter class of ≤1.5 mm. Additionally, in compared with control, its N and P absorption efficiency were significantly enhanced 93.3% and 148.4%, respectively under N120 treatment. However, the N and P absorption efficiency of clone 21-3 was less affected by the simulated N deposition. The N and P use efficiency had no notable variation. Finally, we found that the proliferation of fine-root ≤1.5 mm in diameter and high N (P) absorption efficiency maybe the adaptive mechanisms of P. massoniana responding to atmospheric N deposition under P deficiency.

http://jtp.cnki.net/bilingual/detail/html/ZWSB201611003

Key words: clone, fine root, nitrogen deposition, phosphorus deficiency, Pinus massoniana

Ping SONG, Rui ZHANG, Yi ZHANG, Zhi-Chun ZHOU, Zhong-Ping FENG. Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on fine root morphology, nitrogen and phosphorus efficiency of Pinus massoniana clone under phosphorus deficiency[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2016, 40(11): 1136-1144.

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References 39

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无性系 Clone	性状 Trait	同质低P Homogeneous low P			异质低P Heterogeneous low P
		对照 Control	中N Medium N	高N High N	对照 Control	中N Medium N	高N High N
		0 kg·hm^-2·a^-1	30 kg·hm^-2·a^-1	120 kg·hm^-2·a^-1	0 kg·hm^-2·a^-1	30 kg·hm^-2·a^-1	120 kg·hm^-2·a^-1
19-5	根生物量 Root biomass (g)	1.27 ± 0.24^a	1.86 ± 0.50^a	3.15 ± 1.33^a	2.53 ± 0.27^B	2.57 ± 0.70^B	6.22 ± 2.16^A
	根长 Root length (cm)	217.9 ± 77.6^a	507.1 ± 184.9^a	517.3 ± 164.8^a	362.1 ± 64.7^B	722.0 ± 133.2^AB	1 300.9 ± 426.0^A
	根表面积 Root surface area (cm²)	55.4 ± 16.3^a	108.9 ± 38.0^a	118.2 ± 47.8^a	89.1 ± 23.5^B	160.1 ± 25.6^AB	301.9 ± 143.9^A
21-3	根生物量 Root biomass (g)	2.08 ± 0.92^a	2.74 ± 0.79^a	3.30 ± 0.87^a	2.17 ± 0.45^A	3.09 ± 0.66^A	3.89 ± 0.61^A
	根长 Root length (cm)	491.8 ± 163.0^a	607.8 ± 174.5^a	709.1 ± 218.7^a	601.0 ± 202.0^A	712.1 ± 97.5^A	716.3 ± 148.6^A
	根表面积 Root surface area (cm²)	122.1 ± 49.1^a	153.1 ± 46.1^a	175.4 ± 53.2^a	145.5 ± 40.5^A	182.0 ± 33.3^A	186.0 ± 28.5^A

无性系 Clone	性状 Trait	同质低P Homogeneous low P			异质低P Heterogeneous low P
		对照 Control	中N Medium N	高N High N	对照 Control	中N Medium N	高N High N
		0 kg·hm^-2·a^-1	30 kg·hm^-2·a^-1	120 kg·hm^-2·a^-1	0 kg·hm^-2·a^-1	30 kg·hm^-2·a^-1	120 kg·hm^-2·a^-1
19-5	根生物量 Root biomass (g)	1.27 ± 0.24^a	1.86 ± 0.50^a	3.15 ± 1.33^a	2.53 ± 0.27^B	2.57 ± 0.70^B	6.22 ± 2.16^A
	根长 Root length (cm)	217.9 ± 77.6^a	507.1 ± 184.9^a	517.3 ± 164.8^a	362.1 ± 64.7^B	722.0 ± 133.2^AB	1 300.9 ± 426.0^A
	根表面积 Root surface area (cm²)	55.4 ± 16.3^a	108.9 ± 38.0^a	118.2 ± 47.8^a	89.1 ± 23.5^B	160.1 ± 25.6^AB	301.9 ± 143.9^A
21-3	根生物量 Root biomass (g)	2.08 ± 0.92^a	2.74 ± 0.79^a	3.30 ± 0.87^a	2.17 ± 0.45^A	3.09 ± 0.66^A	3.89 ± 0.61^A
	根长 Root length (cm)	491.8 ± 163.0^a	607.8 ± 174.5^a	709.1 ± 218.7^a	601.0 ± 202.0^A	712.1 ± 97.5^A	716.3 ± 148.6^A
	根表面积 Root surface area (cm²)	122.1 ± 49.1^a	153.1 ± 46.1^a	175.4 ± 53.2^a	145.5 ± 40.5^A	182.0 ± 33.3^A	186.0 ± 28.5^A