Physiological and biochemical properties of Rhododendron tomentosum under different forest types and its adaptability

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0137

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims To comprehensively explore the physiological and ecological characteristics and adaptability of Rhododendron tomentosum in different forest types.
Methods This study investigated the physiological and biochemical characteristics and adaptability of R. tomentosum in four forest types (Betula platyphyllaforest, Larix gmeliniiforest, Pinus pumila forest and mixed coniferous broadleaf forest of B. platyphylla and L. gmelinii), and conducted a fuzzy evaluation for each forest type.
Important findings The results showed that different forest types had significant effects on the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of R. tomentosum. In B. platyphylla forest, R. tomentosum showed strong photosynthetic ability, high photosynthetic pigment content, high antioxidant enzyme activity, relatively high total polyphenols and total flavonoids content, and strong photosynthetic growth and stress resistance, indicating that R. tomentosum was better adapted to this forest type. In mixed coniferous broadleaf forest and L. gmelini forest, R. tomentosum had high volatile oil content, and the rest of the indexes were in the moderate level, and the thus adaptability was moderate. However, in P. pumila forest, the photosynthetic capacity of R. tomentosum was weak, the antioxidant enzyme activity was low, but its total polyphenols and total flavonoids and anthocyanins contents were high, which showed a certain degree of adaptability to adapt to the high alpine environment. This study provides a theoretical basis for the in-depth understanding of the growth pattern and adaptive mechanism of R. tomentosum under different forest types, and also provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the ecological protection, resource utilization and forestry production of R. tomentosum.

Key words: Rhododendron tomentosum, forest type, physiological and biochemical properties, correlation analysis, adaptability

QIU Zhi-Hao, ZHAO Ting-Ting, ZHANG Qing-Fen, LIU Jia-Yi, YUAN Xiao-Tong, YANG Feng-Jian. Physiological and biochemical properties of Rhododendron tomentosum under different forest types and its adaptability[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2025, 49(7): 1144-1155.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0137

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2025/V49/I7/1144

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1 Basic information about Rhododendron tomentosum site in Huzhong district of Da Hinggan Ling region

	林分 Forest stand		地形 Topography				土壤类型 Soil type
		林龄 Forest age (a)	郁闭度 Canopy closure	海拔 Altitude (m)	坡位 Slope position	坡向 Aspect	土壤类型 Soil type	坡度 Slope (°)
落叶松林 Larix gmelinii forest	90-120	0.50	580	谷底 Valley floor	东北 Northeast	7	表潜棕色针叶林土 Surface-gleyed brown coniferous forest soils
针阔混交林 Mixed coniferous broadleaf forest	90-120	0.52	532	山腰 Mountain side	东北 Northeast	4	典型棕色针叶林土 Brown coniferous forest soils
白桦林 Betula platyphylla forest	60-90	0.40	565	山顶 Mountain top	东北 Northeast	11	典型棕色针叶林土 Brown coniferous forest soils
偃松林 Pinus pumila forest	60-90	0.50	1 400	山顶 Mountain top	东北 Northeast	9	漂灰土 Bleached podzolic soils

Fig. 1 Biomass (A) and root-shoot ratio (B) of Rhododendron tomentosum under each forest type (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among forest types (p < 0.05). BLR, Betula platyphylla - Larix gmelinii mixed forest; BR, Betula platyphylla forest; LR, Larix gmelinii forest; PR, Pinus pumila forest.

Fig. 2 Photosynthesis rate-light response curves of Rhododendron tomentosum in each forest type (mean ± SD). BLR, Betula platyphylla - Larix gmelinii mixed forest; BR, Betula platyphylla forest; LR, Larix gmelinii forest; PR, Pinus pumila forest.

Fig. 3 Light response curves of transpiration rate (Tr) (A), water use efficiency (WUE) (B), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) (C), and stomatal conductance (Gs) (D) of Rhododendron tomentosum of each forest type (mean ± SD). BLR, Betula platyphylla - Larix gmelinii mixed forest; BR, Betula platyphylla forest; LR, Larix gmelinii forest; PR, Pinus pumila forest.

Table 2 Photosynthetic characteristic parameters of Rhododendron tomentosum under different forest types (mean ± SD)

林型 Forest type	LCP (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	AQY	R_d (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	P_max (μmol·m^-2·s^-1)
LR	11.102 ± 0.928^c	0.018 ± 0.003^b	0.300 ± 0.067^b	7.367 ± 0.435^b
BLR	39.526 ± 1.434^b	0.019 ± 0.000^b	0.319 ± 0.035^b	8.665 ± 0.626^b
BR	50.315 ± 1.067^a	0.024 ± 0.005^a	0.697 ± 0.026^a	9.476 ± 0.405^a
PR	3.764 ± 0.492^d	0.011 ± 0.002^c	0.172 ± 0.024^c	4.867 ± 0.163^c

Fig. 4 Photosynthetic pigment content (A), photosynthetic pigment ratio (B), enzyme activity (C), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content (D) of Rhododendron tomentosum leaves of each forest type (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between forest types (p < 0.05). BLR, Betula platyphylla - Larix gmelinii mixed forest; BR, Betula platyphylla forest; LR, Larix gmelinii forest; PR, Pinus pumila forest. CAT, catalase; POD, peroxidase; SOD, superoxide dismutase.

Fig. 5 Contents of total polyphenols, total flavonoids, anthocyanins (A) and volatile oils (B) of Rhododendron tomentosum under each forest type (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between forest types (p < 0.05). BLR, Betula platyphylla - Larix gmelinii mixed forest; BR, Betula platyphylla forest; LR, Larix gmelinii forest; PR, Pinus pumila forest.

Fig. 6 Correlation analysis of physiological and biochemical indexes of Rhododendron tomentosum under each forest type. Ant, anthocyanins content; Car, carotenoid content; CAT, catalase activity; Chl a, chlorophyll a content; Chl b, chlorophyll b content; Chl T, total chlorophyll content; Ci, intercellular CO2 concentration; Gs, stomatal conductance; MDA, malonyldialdehyde content; Pn, net photosynthetic rate; POD, peroxidase activity; R/S, root-shoot ratio; SOD, superoxide dismutase activity; TB, total biomass; TFC, total flavonoids content; TPC, total polyphenols content; Tr, transpiration rate; Vol, volatile oils content.

Table 3 Analysis of the affiliation degree of each index of Rhododendron tomentosum under each forest type

指标 Index	落叶松林 Betula platyphylla forest	白桦与落叶松针阔混交林 Betula platyphylla - Larix gmelinii mixed forest	白桦林 Betula platyphylla forest	偃松林 Pinus pumila forest
总生物量 Total biomass	0.320 0	1.000 0	0.961 9	0.000 0
根冠比 Root-shoot ratio	0.438 6	0.6286	1.000 0	0.000 0
净光合速率 Net photosynthetic rate	0.395 8	0.637 5	1.000 0	0.000 0
气孔导度 Stomatal conductance	0.535 4	0.614 2	1.000 0	0.000 0
胞间CO₂浓度 Intercellular CO₂ concentration	0.593 2	0.694 2	1.000 0	0.000 0
蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate	0.342 5	0.797 7	1.000 0	0.000 0
总叶绿素含量 Total chlorophyll content	0.173 8	0.171 1	1.000 0	0.000 0
叶绿素a含量 Chlorophyll a content	0.157 3	0.124 4	1.000 0	0.000 0
叶绿素b含量 Chlorophyll b content	0.227 2	0.326 2	1.000 0	0.000 0
类胡萝卜含量 Carotenoid content	0.074 0	0.146 1	1.000 0	0.000 0
花青素含量 Anthocyanins content	0.333 3	1.000 0	0.454 5	0.000 0
过氧化物酶活性 Peroxidase activity	0.106 1	0.578 0	1.000 0	0.000 0
超氧化物歧化酶活性 Superoxide dismutase activity	0.226 6	1.000 0	0.521 5	0.000 0
过氧化氢酶活性 Catalase activity	0.000 0	0.831 6	1.000 0	0.253 0
丙二醛含量 Malonyldialdehyde content	0.896 3	1.000 0	0.812 0	0.000 0
总多酚含量 Total polyphenols content	1.000 0	0.336 0	0.380 4	0.000 0
总黄酮含量 Total flavonoids content	1.000 0	0.368 5	0.894 7	0.000 0
挥发油含量 Volatile oils content	0.184 8	0.000 0	1.000 0	0.438 8
隶属度均值 Mean value of affiliation	0.390 8	0.543 1	0.916 9	0.038 4
综合排序 Aggregate ranking	3	2	1	4

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