PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF FOUR SOUTHERN HERBACEOUS PLANTS TO ALUMINIUM STRESS

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2005.0086

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Al stress on the physiological responses of four herbaceous plants and to analyze the differences in their physiological responses. Four southern herbaceous plants, Pharbitis nil, Cassia occidentlis, Echinochloa colonum and Aeschynomene indica, which are distributed in the red soils of South China, were used to study the seed germination, chlorophyll content, levels of proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), membrane permeability (MP) and soluble sugar (SS), and activities of peroxides (POD) and catalase (CAT) in their leaves under five Al treatments (0, 80, 400, 2 000, 10 000 mg·L^-1) with the sand culture method.
The results showed significant effects of Al on the physiological characteristics of these four herbaceous plant species. The seeds of all four species could not germinate at the 10 000 mg·L^-1 Al³⁺ treatment and were disadvantageous to growth under the 2 000 mg·L^-1 Al³⁺ treatment. When compared to the control, the 2 000 mg·L^-1 Al³⁺ treatment significantly (p<0.05) reduced the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll a+b (p<0.05), promoted levels of MDA and MP (p<0.05), very significantly increased the content of proline (p<0.01) and depressed activities of POD and CAT (p<0.01). In the 80 mg·L^-1 and 400 mg·L^-1 Al³⁺ treatments, levels of MDA and MP in P. nil and A. indica leaves decreased, and the activities of POD and CAT increased compared to the control, but variations in C. occidentlis leaves showed an opposite response. Changes in E. colonum leaves were similar to P. nil and A. indica under 80 mg·L^-1 but opposite to those under the 400 mg·L^-1. These species maintained higher activities of POD and CAT, higher contents of chlorophyll and proline, and lower contents of MDA and MP, thus improving their tolerance to Al stress under low and medium Al treatments.

Key words: Aluminium stress, Physiological response, Endurance, Seed germination, Herbaceous plants

LIU Peng, YANG YS, XU Gen-Di, GUO Shui-Liang, WANG Min. PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF FOUR SOUTHERN HERBACEOUS PLANTS TO ALUMINIUM STRESS[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2005, 29(4): 644-651.

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2005/V29/I4/644

Figures/Tables 7

References 37

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种Species	Al³⁺处理浓度Treatment concentration of Al³⁺ (mg·L^-1)
种Species	0	80	400	2 000	10 000
牵牛Pharbitis nil	13.30%	21.30%	24.00%	17.30%	0
望江南Cassia occidentlis	58.05%	45.20%	46.40%	6.00%	0
光头稗Echinochloa colonum	36.70%	19.80%	20.10%	7.30%	0
合萌Aeschynomene indica	7.00%	6.60%	10.20%	3.10%	0

种Species	Al³⁺处理浓度Treatment concentration of Al³⁺ (mg·L^-1)
种Species	0	80	400	2 000	10 000
牵牛Pharbitis nil	13.30%	21.30%	24.00%	17.30%	0
望江南Cassia occidentlis	58.05%	45.20%	46.40%	6.00%	0
光头稗Echinochloa colonum	36.70%	19.80%	20.10%	7.30%	0
合萌Aeschynomene indica	7.00%	6.60%	10.20%	3.10%	0

铝处理 Al³⁺ treatment (mg·L^-1)	叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content	牵牛 Ipomeanil pharbitisnil	望江南 Cassia occidentlis	光头稗 Echinochloa colonum	合萌 Aeschynomene elaphroxylon
0	a	1.840±0.02^a	2.597±0.03^a	2.549±0.04^a	2.315±0.03^a
	b	0.862±0.02^a	1.314±0.01^a	1.428±0.02^a	1.404±0.01^a
	a+b	2.802±0.04^a	3.911±0.03^a	3.967±0.05^a	3.719±0.04^a
80	a	1.938±0.02^a	2.661±0.02^a	2.675±0.03^a	2.437±0.02^a
	b	0.894±0.01^a	1.347±0.02^a	1.772±0.02^b	1.426±0.02^a
	a+b	2.832±0.03^a	4.008±0.05^a	4.247±0.06^b	3.863±0.02^a
400	a	1.951±0.03^a	2.724±0.02^a	2.660±0.04^b	2.534±0.03^b
	b	1.086±0.04^a	1.218±0.01^a	1.787±0.03^b	1.793±0.02^a
	a+b	3.037±0.05^a	3.942±0.04^b	4.470±0.03^b	4.372±0.05^a
2 000	a	1.639±0.03^b	2.141±0.03^b	2.240±0.04^b	1.971±0.03^b
	b	0.860±0.02^a	0.924±0.02^b	1.360±0.03^a	1.415±0.04^a
	a+b	2.499±0.06^b	3.065±0.05^b	3.600±0.06^b	3.386±0.07^b

铝处理 Al³⁺ treatment (mg·L^-1)	叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content	牵牛 Ipomeanil pharbitisnil	望江南 Cassia occidentlis	光头稗 Echinochloa colonum	合萌 Aeschynomene elaphroxylon
0	a	1.840±0.02^a	2.597±0.03^a	2.549±0.04^a	2.315±0.03^a
	b	0.862±0.02^a	1.314±0.01^a	1.428±0.02^a	1.404±0.01^a
	a+b	2.802±0.04^a	3.911±0.03^a	3.967±0.05^a	3.719±0.04^a
80	a	1.938±0.02^a	2.661±0.02^a	2.675±0.03^a	2.437±0.02^a
	b	0.894±0.01^a	1.347±0.02^a	1.772±0.02^b	1.426±0.02^a
	a+b	2.832±0.03^a	4.008±0.05^a	4.247±0.06^b	3.863±0.02^a
400	a	1.951±0.03^a	2.724±0.02^a	2.660±0.04^b	2.534±0.03^b
	b	1.086±0.04^a	1.218±0.01^a	1.787±0.03^b	1.793±0.02^a
	a+b	3.037±0.05^a	3.942±0.04^b	4.470±0.03^b	4.372±0.05^a
2 000	a	1.639±0.03^b	2.141±0.03^b	2.240±0.04^b	1.971±0.03^b
	b	0.860±0.02^a	0.924±0.02^b	1.360±0.03^a	1.415±0.04^a
	a+b	2.499±0.06^b	3.065±0.05^b	3.600±0.06^b	3.386±0.07^b