Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 55-64.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0275
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WU Xiao-Qi,YANG Sheng-He,HUANG Li,LI Xiao-Han,YANG Chao,QIAN Shen-Hua,YANG Yong-Chuan()
Received:
2018-11-03
Accepted:
2019-01-10
Online:
2019-01-20
Published:
2019-04-23
Contact:
YANG Yong-Chuan ORCID:0000-0001-7627-7776
Supported by:
WU Xiao-Qi, YANG Sheng-He, HUANG Li, LI Xiao-Han, YANG Chao, QIAN Shen-Hua, YANG Yong-Chuan. Effects of forest canopy condition on the establishment of Castanopsis fargesii seedlings in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2019, 43(1): 55-64.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2018.0275
林冠环境 Canopy condition | 面积 Area (m2) | 形成方式 Types of formation | 年龄/年 Age (year) | 主要边界木 Main boundary trees | 光通量 Quantum flux (μmmol·m-2·s-1) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
物种 Species | 胸径 DBH (cm) | 树高 H (m) | ||||||
大林窗 Large-sized gap | A | 175 | 人工砍伐栲 Selective cutting of Castanopsis fargesii | 2 | 栲 C. fargesii | 20-45 | 15-25 | 484 ± 48.4a |
山矾 Symplocos sumunti | 10-20 | 10-20 | ||||||
B | 185 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 3-5 | 栲 C. fargesii | 30-40 | 15-20 | 513 ± 30.9a | |
润楠 Machilus nanmu | 20-35 | 15-25 | ||||||
C | 190 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 6-8 | 栲 C. fargesii | 25-50 | 17-20 | 697 ± 104.3a | |
润楠 M. nanmu | 20-35 | 10-20 | ||||||
中林窗 Medium-sized gap | A | 122 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 5-7 | 润楠 M. nanmu | 20-30 | 15-25 | 365 ± 24.4b |
山矾 S. sumuntia | 10-20 | 10-20 | ||||||
短刺米槠 Castanopsis carlesii var. spinulosa | 15-30 | 10-15 | ||||||
B | 140 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 5-7 | 润楠 M. nanmu | 15-30 | 15-25 | 447 ± 36.5b | |
C | 131 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 5-7 | 栲 C. fargesii | 35-45 | 15-20 | 444 ± 53.9b | |
润楠 M. nanmu | 10-20 | 15-20 | ||||||
山矾 S. sumuntia | 10-20 | 10-20 | ||||||
小林窗 Small-sized gap | A | 88 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 5-7 | 栲 C. fargesii | 35-55 | 20-25 | 169 ± 30.7c |
润楠 M. nanmu | 25-35 | 20-25 | ||||||
B | 72 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 4-6 | 栲 C. fargesii | 40-50 | 20-25 | 191 ± 13.3c | |
润楠 M. nanmu | 20-30 | 15-25 | ||||||
C | 75 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 5-7 | 栲 C. fargesii | 25-40 | 15-20 | 199 ± 9.3c | |
润楠 M. nanmu | 10-20 | 15-20 | ||||||
主要优势种 Main dominant species | ||||||||
物种 Species | 胸径 DBH (cm) | 树高 H (m) | ||||||
林下 Understory | A | 100 | - | - | 栲 C. fargesii | 35-55 | 20-25 | 40 ± 4.1d |
润楠 M. nanmu | 35-45 | 20-25 | ||||||
B | 100 | - | - | 栲 C. fargesii | 40-50 | 20-25 | 35 ± 3.4d | |
C | 100 | - | - | 栲 C. fargesii | 35-45 | 20-25 | 39 ± 3.9d | |
冬桃 Elaeocarpus duclouxii | 20-35 | 15-25 |
Table 1 Basic characteristics of sowing plots in forest gaps and understory
林冠环境 Canopy condition | 面积 Area (m2) | 形成方式 Types of formation | 年龄/年 Age (year) | 主要边界木 Main boundary trees | 光通量 Quantum flux (μmmol·m-2·s-1) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
物种 Species | 胸径 DBH (cm) | 树高 H (m) | ||||||
大林窗 Large-sized gap | A | 175 | 人工砍伐栲 Selective cutting of Castanopsis fargesii | 2 | 栲 C. fargesii | 20-45 | 15-25 | 484 ± 48.4a |
山矾 Symplocos sumunti | 10-20 | 10-20 | ||||||
B | 185 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 3-5 | 栲 C. fargesii | 30-40 | 15-20 | 513 ± 30.9a | |
润楠 Machilus nanmu | 20-35 | 15-25 | ||||||
C | 190 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 6-8 | 栲 C. fargesii | 25-50 | 17-20 | 697 ± 104.3a | |
润楠 M. nanmu | 20-35 | 10-20 | ||||||
中林窗 Medium-sized gap | A | 122 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 5-7 | 润楠 M. nanmu | 20-30 | 15-25 | 365 ± 24.4b |
山矾 S. sumuntia | 10-20 | 10-20 | ||||||
短刺米槠 Castanopsis carlesii var. spinulosa | 15-30 | 10-15 | ||||||
B | 140 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 5-7 | 润楠 M. nanmu | 15-30 | 15-25 | 447 ± 36.5b | |
C | 131 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 5-7 | 栲 C. fargesii | 35-45 | 15-20 | 444 ± 53.9b | |
润楠 M. nanmu | 10-20 | 15-20 | ||||||
山矾 S. sumuntia | 10-20 | 10-20 | ||||||
小林窗 Small-sized gap | A | 88 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 5-7 | 栲 C. fargesii | 35-55 | 20-25 | 169 ± 30.7c |
润楠 M. nanmu | 25-35 | 20-25 | ||||||
B | 72 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 4-6 | 栲 C. fargesii | 40-50 | 20-25 | 191 ± 13.3c | |
润楠 M. nanmu | 20-30 | 15-25 | ||||||
C | 75 | 栲倒木 C. fargesii logs | 5-7 | 栲 C. fargesii | 25-40 | 15-20 | 199 ± 9.3c | |
润楠 M. nanmu | 10-20 | 15-20 | ||||||
主要优势种 Main dominant species | ||||||||
物种 Species | 胸径 DBH (cm) | 树高 H (m) | ||||||
林下 Understory | A | 100 | - | - | 栲 C. fargesii | 35-55 | 20-25 | 40 ± 4.1d |
润楠 M. nanmu | 35-45 | 20-25 | ||||||
B | 100 | - | - | 栲 C. fargesii | 40-50 | 20-25 | 35 ± 3.4d | |
C | 100 | - | - | 栲 C. fargesii | 35-45 | 20-25 | 39 ± 3.9d | |
冬桃 Elaeocarpus duclouxii | 20-35 | 15-25 |
Fig. 3 Temporal dynamics of Castanopsis fargesii seedling survival rates (mean ± SE) under different canopy conditions. Different lowercase letters showed significant differences among seedling survival rate under different canopy conditions (p < 0.05).
Fig. 4 Ratio of the causes of Castanopsis fargesii seedling death under different canopy conditions (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters showed significant differences among the causes of seedling death under same canopy condition (p < 0.05).
Fig. 5 The interannual variation of the growth indicators for Castanopsis fargesii seedling under different canopy conditions (mean ± SE). * indicates a significant canopy effect on a specific seedling growth indicator at a given stage (**, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001).
Fig. 6 The interannual variation of the biomass allocation for Castanopsis fargesii seedlings under different canopy conditions (mean ± SE). LMR, leaf mass ratio; SMR, stem mass ratio; RMR, root mass ratio; RSR, root shoot ratio. * indicates a significant canopy effect on seedling biomass allocation at a given stage (**, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001).
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