Effects of leachate from understory medicinal plants on litter decomposition and soil enzyme activities of Betula albo-sinensis and Eucommia ulmoides

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2016.0350

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Forest litter decomposition is an important factor affecting nutrient cycling and ecosystem stability. In a complex system with forest and understory medicinal plants, leachate from the medicinal plants enriched in plant secondary metabolites (PSM) may inhibit litter decomposition and soil enzyme activity of forest trees. Thus, inspection on whether or not this phenomenon exits is one important basis for selecting understory medicinal plants.Methods In this paper, typical forest species Betula albo-sinensis and Eucommia ulmoides and six species of common medicinal plants (Corydalis bungeana, Mentha haplocalyx, Houttuynia cordata, Nepeta cataria, Gynostemma pentaphyllum and Prunella vulgaris) in Qinling Mountains area were taken as objects, and the litter decomposition experiment was carried out. The leachate (water-extraction solution) from the stems and leaves of the medicinal materials were sprayed onto the litter in order to study the effects of leachate from understory plants on forests litter decomposition, nutrient release (carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus) and soil enzyme activity.Important findings For litter of B. albo-sinensis, the decomposition half-life and the turnover period were extended by 76% and 4.3 times, respectively, under H. cordata leachate treatment and the inhibitory effects on the release of carbon and nitrogen were also significant. While under G. pentaphyllum leachate treatment, the half-life of litter decomposition and turnover period were extended by 35% and 2.7 times, respectively, and the inhibitory effects on the release of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were all significant. The leachate from these two species of medicinal plants displayed significant inhibitory effects on seven kinds of soil enzymes (invertase, carboxymethyl cellulase, β-glucosidase, dehydrogenase, polyphenol oxidase, protease and phosphatase) activity. For litter of E. ulmoides, the decomposition half-life and the turnover period were extended by 1.7 times and 4.2 times respectively, under H. cordata leachate treatment; while they were extended by 1 times and 9 times respectively, under G. pentaphyllum leachate treatment. The leachate from these two species of medicinal plants displayed significant inhibitory effects on the release of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from litter decomposition and the activities of all seven kinds of soil enzymes. Therefore, results suggested that H. cordata and G. pentaphyllum should not be planted under B. albo-sinensis and E. ulmoides forests, or the interplanting density must be low to reduce the inhibitory effects of litter decomposition.

http://jtp.cnki.net/bilingual/detail/html/ZWSB201706005

Key words: compound system of forest-medicinal, plant secondary metabolites, litter decomposition, nutrients release, soil enzyme activity

Yu-Peng LU, Ji-Yuan XU, Xiao-Xi ZHANG, Bo-Ya WANG, Bo XIE, Zeng-Wen LIU. Effects of leachate from understory medicinal plants on litter decomposition and soil enzyme activities of Betula albo-sinensis and Eucommia ulmoides[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2017, 41(6): 639-649.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2016.0350

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Figures/Tables 6

References 32

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枯落物来源 Litter source	C (mg·g^-1)	N (mg·g^-1)	P (mg·g^-1)	C/N	C/P	N/P
红桦 B. albo-sinensis	407.69 ± 8.43^a	20.35 ± 0.87^a	8.61 ± 0.12^a	20.03	47.35	2.36
杜仲 E. ulmoides	408.65 ± 4.25^a	15.52 ± 0.69^b	6.90 ± 0.15^b	26.34	59.19	2.25

枯落物来源 Litter source	C (mg·g^-1)	N (mg·g^-1)	P (mg·g^-1)	C/N	C/P	N/P
红桦 B. albo-sinensis	407.69 ± 8.43^a	20.35 ± 0.87^a	8.61 ± 0.12^a	20.03	47.35	2.36
杜仲 E. ulmoides	408.65 ± 4.25^a	15.52 ± 0.69^b	6.90 ± 0.15^b	26.34	59.19	2.25

枯落物 Litters	药用植物 Medicinal plants	枯落物分解模型 Model of litter decomposition	R²	T_0.95 (a)	T_0.50 (a)
红桦 B. albo-sinensis	地丁草 Corydalis bungeana	R = 0.3194e^-7.2672^t + 0.6801e^-0.2996^t	0.965β9	8.712β3^bc	1.028β0^a
	薄荷 Mentha haplocalyx	R = 0.2870e^-12.9332^t + 0.7200e^-0.4001^t	0.961β3	6.666β4^bc	0.911β4^a
	蕺菜 Houttuynia cordata	R = 0.4209e^-9.7308^t + 0.5834e^-0.1114^t	0.935β1	22.054β3^a	1.384β8^a
	荆芥 Nepeta cataria	R = 0.2370e^-11.4407^t + 0.7674e^-0.3988^t	0.952β7	6.848β0^bc	1.074β2^a
	绞股蓝 Gynostemma pentaphyllum	R = 0.4270e^-7.2586^t + 0.5936e^-0.1614^t	0.937β9	15.329β5^b	1.065β5^a
	夏枯草 Prunella vulgaris	R = 0.1490e^-13.7989^t + 0.8500e^-0.564^t	0.963β3	5.023β4^bc	0.940β8^a
	CK	R = 0.1411e^-301.3496^t + 0.8589e^-0.6864^t	0.849β9	4.142β8^c	0.788β2^b
杜仲 E. ulmoides	地丁草 Corydalis bungeana	R = 0.1973e^-558.9289^t + 0.8027e^-0.8954^t	0.911β5	3.100β2^c	0.528β7^b
	薄荷 Mentha haplocalyx	R = 0.1339e^-75.016^t + 0.8661e^-1.2611^t	0.960β3	2.261β5^c	0.435β6^b
	蕺菜 Houttuynia cordata	R = 0.3395e^-14.7065^t + 0.6613e^-0.2285^t	0.950β1	11.300β6^b	1.223β6^a
	荆芥 Nepeta cataria	R = 0.1409e^-14184.4866^t + 0.8591e^-1.3367^t	0.949β7	2.127β5^c	0.404β9^b
	绞股蓝 Gynostemma pentaphyllum	R = 0.4582e^-9.5318^t + 0.5494e^-0.1114^t	0.953β8	21.515β3^a	0.848β3^a
	夏枯草 Prunella vulgaris	R = 0.1463e^-24.2668^t + 0.8542e^-1.3354^t	0.961β7	2.125β3^c	0.401β1^b
	CK	R = 0.1156e^-53.1005^t + 0.8844e^-1.3324^t	0.962β7	2.156β2^c	0.428β0^b

枯落物 Litters	药用植物 Medicinal plants	枯落物分解模型 Model of litter decomposition	R²	T_0.95 (a)	T_0.50 (a)
红桦 B. albo-sinensis	地丁草 Corydalis bungeana	R = 0.3194e^-7.2672^t + 0.6801e^-0.2996^t	0.965β9	8.712β3^bc	1.028β0^a
	薄荷 Mentha haplocalyx	R = 0.2870e^-12.9332^t + 0.7200e^-0.4001^t	0.961β3	6.666β4^bc	0.911β4^a
	蕺菜 Houttuynia cordata	R = 0.4209e^-9.7308^t + 0.5834e^-0.1114^t	0.935β1	22.054β3^a	1.384β8^a
	荆芥 Nepeta cataria	R = 0.2370e^-11.4407^t + 0.7674e^-0.3988^t	0.952β7	6.848β0^bc	1.074β2^a
	绞股蓝 Gynostemma pentaphyllum	R = 0.4270e^-7.2586^t + 0.5936e^-0.1614^t	0.937β9	15.329β5^b	1.065β5^a
	夏枯草 Prunella vulgaris	R = 0.1490e^-13.7989^t + 0.8500e^-0.564^t	0.963β3	5.023β4^bc	0.940β8^a
	CK	R = 0.1411e^-301.3496^t + 0.8589e^-0.6864^t	0.849β9	4.142β8^c	0.788β2^b
杜仲 E. ulmoides	地丁草 Corydalis bungeana	R = 0.1973e^-558.9289^t + 0.8027e^-0.8954^t	0.911β5	3.100β2^c	0.528β7^b
	薄荷 Mentha haplocalyx	R = 0.1339e^-75.016^t + 0.8661e^-1.2611^t	0.960β3	2.261β5^c	0.435β6^b
	蕺菜 Houttuynia cordata	R = 0.3395e^-14.7065^t + 0.6613e^-0.2285^t	0.950β1	11.300β6^b	1.223β6^a
	荆芥 Nepeta cataria	R = 0.1409e^-14184.4866^t + 0.8591e^-1.3367^t	0.949β7	2.127β5^c	0.404β9^b
	绞股蓝 Gynostemma pentaphyllum	R = 0.4582e^-9.5318^t + 0.5494e^-0.1114^t	0.953β8	21.515β3^a	0.848β3^a
	夏枯草 Prunella vulgaris	R = 0.1463e^-24.2668^t + 0.8542e^-1.3354^t	0.961β7	2.125β3^c	0.401β1^b
	CK	R = 0.1156e^-53.1005^t + 0.8844e^-1.3324^t	0.962β7	2.156β2^c	0.428β0^b

药材植物 Medicinal plants	化学物质 Chemicals
地丁草 Corydalis bungeana	邻苯二甲酸正丁异辛酯, 叶绿醇, 1,2-环氧十八烷, β-谷甾醇, (Z)-9-十六碳烯醛 Octyl butyl phthalate, Phytol, 1,2-Epoxyoctadecan-e, β-Sitosterol, (Z)-9-Hexadecena
薄荷 Mentha haplocalyx	薄荷醇, 香芹酮, (1S)-(+)-10-樟脑磺哑嗪, 石竹素, 新癸酸, 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯, 绿花白千层醇, 穿心莲内酯, 喇叭茶醇, 维生素 A 醋酸酯 Menthol, DL-carvone, (1S)-(+)-(Camphorylsulfonyl)oxaziridine, Caryophylene oxide, Neodecanoic acid, Dibutyl phthalate, Himbaccol, Andrographolide,Palustrol, Retinyl acetate
蕺菜 Houttuynia cordata	邻苯二甲酸二丁酯, 正三十六烷, 溴代三十烷, 癸醚, 1-氯二十二烷, 正三十五烷 Dibutyl phthalate, Hexatriacontane, 1-Bromotriaco-ntane, 1-(Decyloxy)decane, 1-Chlorodocosane, N-pentatriacontane
荆芥 Nepeta cataria	薄荷酮, 胡薄荷酮, 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯, β-谷甾醇, 正二十一烷, 辛酸异辛酯, 棕榈酸, 邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯, 十四酸十四酯 Menthone, P-menthone, Dibutyl phthalate, β-Sitosterol, N-heneicosane, 2-Ethylhexyl octanoate, Palmitic acid, Diisoctyl phthalate, Myristyl myristate
绞股蓝 Gynostemma pentaphyllum	叶绿醇, 十五醛, 十二烯基丁二酸酐, 胆固醇, 油醇, 角鲨烯, 棕榈酸, 十五烷酸, 油酸酰胺, 环鸦片甾烯醇, 二十酸, 二十七烷醇, 生育酚, 亚麻酸甲酯, β-谷甾醇 Phytol, Pentadecanal, Dodeceny succinicanhydride,Cholesterol, Oleyl alcohol, Squalene, Palmitic acid, Pentadecanoic acid, Oleamide, Cyclolaudenol, Eicosanoic acid, Heptacosanol, Tocopherol, Methyl linolenate, β-Sitosterol
夏枯草 Prunella vulgaris	邻苯二甲酸二丁酯, 环阿屯醇, 环鸦片甾烯醇, 环桉树醇, 叶绿醇, 十五醛, 角鲨烯, β-谷甾醇, β-扶桑甾醇氧化物, 油醇, (Z)-9-十六碳烯醛, 二十七烷醇 Dibutyl phthalate, Cycloartenol, Cyclolaudenol, Cycloeucalenol, Phytol, Pentadecanal, Squalene, β-Sitosterol, β-Sitostenone, Oleyl alcohol, (Z)-9-Hexa-decena, Heptacosanol