Correlations of photosynthetic heat tolerance with leaf morphology and temperature niche in Magnoliaceae

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0298

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims The growth and survival of plants are being threatened by more frequent extreme high temperature events under global climate change. Therefore, for species conservation and adaptability prediction, it is essential to accurately evaluate the physiological heat tolerance across plant species. Magnoliaceae, as a typical basal angiosperm lineage, is one of the representative lineages in subtropical evergreen forests in China, with high ecological and evolutionary significance. However, the photosynthetic heat tolerance of Magnoliaceae plants is still unclear.

Methods In this study, we used chlorophyll fluorescence method to exam the photosynthetic heat tolerance of 23 species of Magnolicaeae plants in a common garden. In order to analyze the relationships of photosynthetic heat tolerance with leaf morphology and temperature niche, for each species, we measured leaf morphological traits and calculated the temperature niche across their geographic distribution areas.

Important findings The temperature that causes 50% decrease of the maximum photochemical quantum efficiency of photosystem II (T50) ranged from 46.1 to 56.7 °C, with significantly higher T50 of evergreen species than that of deciduous species. For leaf morphology, T50 was positively correlated with the leaf area but was not significantly correlated with the leaf thickness. For temperature niches, T50 was positively correlated with mean annual air temperature and minimum air temperature of the coldest month but was not significantly correlated with maximum air temperature of the warmest month. A weak phylogenetic signal was found in T50, indicating that T50 was influenced by leaf morphology and environment conditions, rather than phylogeny. Our results suggested that photosynthetic heat tolerance of Magnoliaceae species were generally strong, but its adaptation may not be driven by high temperature environment. Future extreme high temperature events may severely threaten deciduous Magnoliaceae plants living in the warmer areas.

Key words: photosynthetic heat tolerance, Magnoliaceae, heat stress, temperature niche, leaf morphology, leaf habit

YE Jie-Hong, YU Cheng-Long, ZHUO Shao-Fei, CHEN Xin-Lan, YANG Ke-Ming, WEN Yin, LIU Hui. Correlations of photosynthetic heat tolerance with leaf morphology and temperature niche in Magnoliaceae[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(10): 1432-1440.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0298

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2023/V47/I10/1432

Figures/Tables 5

References 42

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物种 Species	叶片习性 Leaf habit	生活型 Life form	T50 (oC)
鹅掌楸 Liriodendron chinense	落叶 Deciduous	乔木 Tree	51.5
香港木兰 Magnolia championii	常绿 Evergreen	灌木 Shrub	55.3
夜香木兰 Magnolia coco	常绿 Evergreen	灌木 Shrub	56.0
大叶木兰 Magnolia henryi	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	56.7
荷花玉兰 Magnolia grandiflora	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	48.5
桂南木莲 Magnolia conifera	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	49.3
滇桂木莲 Magnolia forrestii	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	49.0
大果木莲 Magnolia grandis	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	52.2
亮叶木莲 Magnolia lucida	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	54.2
马关木莲 Magnolia insignis	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	52.1
大叶木莲 Magnolia megaphylla	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	53.7
广东木莲 Mangnolia kwangtungensis	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	50.6
合果木 Magnolia baillonii	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	52.6
乐昌含笑 Magnolia chapensis	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	51.6
金叶含笑 Magnolia foveolata	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	51.1
观光木 Magnolia odorum	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	52.6
石碌含笑 Magnolia shiluensis	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	54.7
云南拟单性木兰 Magnolia yunnanensis	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	51.2
盖裂木 Magnolia hodgsonii	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	54.9
凹叶厚朴 Magnolia officinalis subsp. biloba	落叶 Deciduous	乔木 Tree	48.8
落叶木莲 Magnolia decidua	落叶 Deciduous	乔木 Tree	46.1
望春玉兰 Magnolia biondii	落叶 Deciduous	乔木 Tree	48.6
紫玉兰 Magnolia liliflora	落叶 Deciduous	灌木 Shrub	48.2

物种 Species	叶片习性 Leaf habit	生活型 Life form	T50 (oC)
鹅掌楸 Liriodendron chinense	落叶 Deciduous	乔木 Tree	51.5
香港木兰 Magnolia championii	常绿 Evergreen	灌木 Shrub	55.3
夜香木兰 Magnolia coco	常绿 Evergreen	灌木 Shrub	56.0
大叶木兰 Magnolia henryi	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	56.7
荷花玉兰 Magnolia grandiflora	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	48.5
桂南木莲 Magnolia conifera	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	49.3
滇桂木莲 Magnolia forrestii	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	49.0
大果木莲 Magnolia grandis	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	52.2
亮叶木莲 Magnolia lucida	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	54.2
马关木莲 Magnolia insignis	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	52.1
大叶木莲 Magnolia megaphylla	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	53.7
广东木莲 Mangnolia kwangtungensis	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	50.6
合果木 Magnolia baillonii	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	52.6
乐昌含笑 Magnolia chapensis	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	51.6
金叶含笑 Magnolia foveolata	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	51.1
观光木 Magnolia odorum	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	52.6
石碌含笑 Magnolia shiluensis	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	54.7
云南拟单性木兰 Magnolia yunnanensis	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	51.2
盖裂木 Magnolia hodgsonii	常绿 Evergreen	乔木 Tree	54.9
凹叶厚朴 Magnolia officinalis subsp. biloba	落叶 Deciduous	乔木 Tree	48.8
落叶木莲 Magnolia decidua	落叶 Deciduous	乔木 Tree	46.1
望春玉兰 Magnolia biondii	落叶 Deciduous	乔木 Tree	48.6
紫玉兰 Magnolia liliflora	落叶 Deciduous	灌木 Shrub	48.2

指标 Trait	缩写 Abbreviation	单位 Unit	平均值 Average value	Blomberg’s K	p
最大光化学量子效率损失50%时的温度 The temperature that causes 50% decrease of the maximum photochemical quantum efficiency of photosystem II	T50	°C	51.7	0.31	0.022
叶面积 Leaf area	LA	cm²	110.5	0.17	0.376
叶片厚度 Leaf thickness	LT	mm	0.22	0.15	0.489
年平均气温 Mean annual air temperature	MAT	°C	19.2	0.19	0.229
最冷月最低气温 Minimum air temperature in the coldest month	MTCM	°C	6.3	0.18	0.247
最暖月最高气温 Maximum air temperature in the warmest month	MTWM	°C	30.1	0.09	0.894

指标 Trait	缩写 Abbreviation	单位 Unit	平均值 Average value	Blomberg’s K	p
最大光化学量子效率损失50%时的温度 The temperature that causes 50% decrease of the maximum photochemical quantum efficiency of photosystem II	T50	°C	51.7	0.31	0.022
叶面积 Leaf area	LA	cm²	110.5	0.17	0.376
叶片厚度 Leaf thickness	LT	mm	0.22	0.15	0.489
年平均气温 Mean annual air temperature	MAT	°C	19.2	0.19	0.229
最冷月最低气温 Minimum air temperature in the coldest month	MTCM	°C	6.3	0.18	0.247
最暖月最高气温 Maximum air temperature in the warmest month	MTWM	°C	30.1	0.09	0.894