Comparison of physiological and leaf morphological traits for photosynthesis of the 51 plant species in the Maqu alpine swamp meadow

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0057

Abstract

Abstract: Aims

Trait-based approaches are often widely used in ecological research to predict or explain the complex ecological processes at both individual and ecosystem levels. Leaf function with morphological and physiological traits can play important roles in plan growth, survival, reproduction in natural environments. The aim of this study is 1) to determine the differences of leaf traits between both the species and the functional groups in a swamp meadow; 2) to explore the relationship between different leaf morphological traits and physiological traits.

Methods

Gas exchanges of 51 species (in 14 families) were measured on six fully expand health leaves (from different individual plants) using a portable photosynthesis system in the field during the peak of growing season. The leaf morphological traits was measured based on 6 single leaves form different individuals, include the net photosynthesis rate (P_n), transpiration rate (T_r), specific leaf area (SLA), relative leaf water content (LWC), leaf area (LA) and the water use efficiency (WUE = P_n/T_r).

Important findings

Result showed that there were significant interspecific differences in the investigated traits as described in above methods. Among the traits, the LWC (coefficient of variation, CV = 0.11) was ranged from 58.12% to 81.83%, 0.0088-0.0278 m²·g^-1 for the SLA (CV = 0.27), and 0.51 cm² to 100.90 cm² for the LA (CV = 1.73), while the range of 4.25-19.23 μmol CO₂·m^-2·s^-1, 2.89-12.81 mmol H₂O·m^-2·s^-1 and 0.56-3.76 μmol CO₂·mmol^-1H₂O for P_n (CV = 0.33), T_r (CV = 0.33), and WUE (CV = 0.36), respectively. There were also significant differences between the functional groups (sedge, grass and forbs) for these traits. Forbs have larger LA and higher LWC than sedge and grass; Grass have higher WUE and SLA than those of others; while Sedge have higher P_n. Our result also showed there were high correlation between P_n and SLA, WUE and LWC, indicated the strong impacts of leaf morphology on the gas exchange physiology. The SLA was also related to gas exchange traits both among species and functional groups, while the LWC was only among species and LA among functional groups. In conclusion, significant differences in these functional traits among species suggest that these species could vary in resource use and growth form in their community ecosystem. Also the difference among the functional groups in these traits indicates the resource use of the community would be largely influenced by its species composition, especially the differences of functional groups. The research finding will help to better understanding of the ecosystem function in alpine swamp meadow with related management implication.

Key words: alpine swamp meadow, functional traits, leaf morphology, gas exchange, water use efficiency, functional group

REN Qing-Ji,LI Hong-Lin,BU Hai-Yan. Comparison of physiological and leaf morphological traits for photosynthesis of the 51 plant species in the Maqu alpine swamp meadow[J]. Chin J Plan Ecolo, 2015, 39(6): 593-603.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0057

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2015/V39/I6/593

Figures/Tables 4

References 55

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物种 Species	科 Family	LWC (%) CV = 0.11	SLA (m²·g^-1) CV = 0.27	LA (cm²) CV = 1.73	P_n (μmol CO₂·m^-2·s^-1) CV = 0.33	T_r (mmol H₂O· m^-2·s^-1) CV = 0.33	WUE (μmol CO₂· mmol^-1H₂O) CV = 0.36
甘肃薹草	莎草科	60.50 ± 6.21	0.016 4 ± 0.000 5	8.9 ± 1.3	10.09 ± 0.30	6.21 ± 0.13	1.62 ± 0.03
Carex kansuensis	Cyperaceae
乌拉薹草	莎草科	61.09 ± 4.39	0.013 0 ± 0.000 6	14.7 ± 1.3	9.05 ± 0.30	4.39 ± 0.13	2.07 ± 0.08
Carex meyeriana	Cyperaceae
华扁穗草	莎草科	64.12 ± 8.56	0.012 4 ± 0.000 4	4.8 ± 0.8	14.24 ± 0.20	8.56 ± 0.25	1.68 ± 0.05
Blysmus sinocompressus	Cyperaceae
红棕薹草	莎草科	59.29 ± 7.96	0.019 6 ± 0.000 8	2.0 ± 0.3	6.82 ± 0.78	7.96 ± 1.03	0.91 ± 0.05
Carex przewalskii	Cyperaceae
线叶嵩草	莎草科	58.12 ± 8.60	0.008 8 ± 0.000 7	2.3 ± 0.6	16.07 ± 0.08	8.60 ± 0.24	1.88 ± 0.05
Kobresia capilifolia	Cyperaceae
疏花剪股颖	禾本科	59.33 ± 2.89	0.021 6 ± 0.001 2	1.9 ± 1.1	5.03 ± 0.25	2.89 ± 0.11	1.77 ± 0.12
Agrostis perlaxa	Gramineae
甘青剪股颖	禾本科	60.80 ± 6.86	0.026 6 ± 0.001 0	2.3 ± 0.7	8.43 ± 0.36	6.86 ± 1.02	1.39 ± 0.19
Agrostis hugoniana	Gramineae
羊茅	禾本科	58.27 ± 6.61	0.015 1 ± 0.000 5	0.7 ± 0.0	10.29 ± 0.51	6.61 ± 0.44	1.56 ± 0.03
Festuca ovina	Gramineae
发草	禾本科	60.36 ± 3.00	0.013 9 ± 0.000 3	1.3 ± 0.3	11.05 ± 0.32	3.00 ± 0.18	3.76 ± 0.20
Deschampsia caespitosa	Gramineae
恰草	禾本科	63.27 ± 4.68	0.019 5 ± 0.001 2	2.8 ± 0.4	9.46 ± 1.25	4.68 ± 0.74	2.23 ± 0.16
Koeleria macrantha	Gramineae
垂穗披碱草	禾本科	62.63 ± 2.92	0.019 8 ± 0.001 1	3.0 ± 0.7	5.85 ± 1.11	2.92 ± 0.67	2.20 ± 0.10
Elymus nutans	Gramineae
胡氏剪股颖	禾本科	60.71 ± 3.70	0.022 3 ± 0.000 3	1.0 ± 0.4	6.63 ± 0.37	3.70 ± 0.40	1.90 ± 0.15
Agrostis hookeriana	Gramineae
草地早熟禾	禾本科	58.75 ± 3.52	0.024 9 ± 0.000 6	1.5 ± 0.6	5.53 ± 0.61	3.52 ± 0.56	1.71 ± 0.16
Poa pratensis	Gramineae
中华羊茅	禾本科	59.58 ± 3.39	0.020 1 ± 0.000 3	1.8 ± 1.0	6.06 ± 0.35	3.39 ± 0.10	1.78 ± 0.05
Festuca sinensis	Gramineae
密花早熟禾	禾本科	60.45 ± 6.26	0.018 6 ± 0.000 5	1.7 ± 0.5	7.19 ± 0.57	6.26 ± 0.62	1.16 ± 0.03
Poa pachyantha	Gramineae
赖草	禾本科	63.99 ± 5.66	0.017 3 ± 0.000 6	14.5 ± 2.4	9.12 ± 0.61	5.66 ± 0.64	1.71 ± 0.10
Leymus secalinus	Gramineae
唐古特岩黄芪	豆科	71.66 ± 6.39	0.015 5 ± 0.000 2	10.5 ± 3.0	8.75 ± 0.06	6.39 ± 0.30	1.40 ± 0.07
Hedysarum tanguticum	Leguminosae
高山豆	豆科	75.94 ± 5.48	0.019 7 ± 0.000 5	4.4 ± 1.3	10.65 ± 0.48	10.48 ± 0.53	1.07 ± 0.09
Tibetia himalaica	Leguminosae
甘肃棘豆	豆科	71.05 ± 8.77	0.016 8 ± 0.000 6	6.8 ± 1.4	12.28 ± 0.56	8.77 ± 0.44	1.41 ± 0.03
Oxytropis kansuensis	Leguminosae
披针叶黄华	豆科	71.84 ± 5.94	0.014 3 ± 0.000 4	8.5 ± 1.4	13.95 ± 0.41	5.94 ± 0.54	2.50 ± 0.15
Thermopsis lanceolata	Leguminosae
黄帚橐吾	菊科	78.80 ± 7.10	0.013 8 ± 0.000 9	58.7 ± 6.4	13.40 ± 0.07	7.10 ± 0.64	1.99 ± 0.17
Ligularia virgaurea	Compositae
侧颈垂头菊	菊科	80.71 ± 5.81	0.010 7 ± 0.000 5	100.0 ± 5.9	13.17 ± 0.52	5.81 ± 0.19	2.27 ± 0.06
Cremanthodium pleurocaule	Compositae
长毛风毛菊	菊科	80.11 ± 8.67	0.010 7 ± 0.000 2	20.5 ± 6.1	13.92 ± 0.22	10.67 ± 0.61	1.36 ± 0.05
Saussurea hieracioides	Compositae
缘毛紫菀	菊科	80.16 ± 7.38	0.016 4 ± 0.000 3	3.7 ± 0.9	9.66 ± 0.38	11.38 ± 0.12	0.85 ± 0.04
Aster souliei	Compositae
星状风毛菊	菊科	81.10 ± 8.44	0.011 2 ± 0.000 5	5.4 ± 0.8	8.08 ± 0.48	8.44 ± 0.58	0.96 ± 0.02
Saussurea stella	Compositae
禾叶垂头菊	菊科	76.07 ± 6.37	0.008 9 ± 0.000 4	4.0 ± 0.7	13.88 ± 0.37	6.37 ± 0.23	2.21 ± 0.13
Cremanthodium lineare	Compositae
玲玲香清	菊科	72.33 ± 4.56	0.021 4 ± 0.000 2	2.6 ± 0.6	5.96 ± 0.23	4.56 ± 0.26	1.34 ± 0.06
Anaphalis hancockii	Compositae
香芸火绒草	菊科	71.69 ± 7.64	0.021 6 ± 0.000 7	1.3 ± 0.3	10.61 ± 0.12	7.64 ± 0.63	1.45 ± 0.11
Leontopodium haplophylloides	Compositae
小花草玉梅	毛茛科	72.97 ± 6.54	0.014 9 ± 0.000 5	52.2 ± 2.5	9.99 ± 0.50	6.54 ± 0.25	1.53 ± 0.07
Anemone rivularis var. flore-minore	Ranunculaceae
条叶银莲花	毛茛科	76.81 ± 8.14	0.015 4 ± 0.000 2	6.8 ± 1.4	10.73 ± 0.22	8.14 ± 0.24	1.32 ± 0.02
Anemone coelestina var. linearis	Ranunculaceae
矮金莲花	毛茛科	71.79 ± 7.96	0.012 2 ± 0.000 8	6.5 ± 0.9	10.97 ± 0.80	7.96 ± 0.25	1.37 ± 0.06
Trollius farreri	Ranunculaceae
驴蹄草	毛茛科	76.45 ± 7.43	0.019 0 ± 0.000 1	13.5 ± 2.0	8.44 ± 0.14	7.43 ± 0.20	1.15 ± 0.04
Caltha palustris	Ranunculaceae
高山唐松草	毛茛科	64.68 ± 7.17	0.015 6 ± 0.000 5	2.3 ± 1.8	13.03 ± 0.45	7.17 ± 0.18	1.81 ± 0.02
Thalictrum alpinum	Ranunculaceae
巴天酸模	蓼科	81.83 ± 6.73	0.018 6 ± 0.000 2	53.8 ± 3.3	10.46 ± 0.23	6.73 ± 0.33	1.60 ± 0.09
Rumex patientia	Polygonaceae
水生酸模	蓼科	78.96 ± 4.24	0.020 1 ± 0.001 3	10.0 ± 3.0	7.14 ± 0.38	4.24 ± 0.30	1.77 ± 0.10
Rumex aquaticus	Polygonaceae
西伯利亚蓼	蓼科	73.49 ± 5.88	0.013 7 ± 0.001 2	4.6 ± 1.1	19.23 ± 0.97	10.88 ± 0.11	1.77 ± 0.09
Polygonum sibiricum	Polygonaceae
珠芽蓼	蓼科	71.77 ± 7.83	0.013 9 ± 0.000 3	15.2 ± 1.7	7.96 ± 0.32	7.83 ± 0.10	1.01 ± 0.03
Polygonum viviparum	Polygonaceae
湿生扁蕾	龙胆科	81.79 ± 7.95	0.027 8 ± 0.000 9	2.3 ± 0.6	12.21 ± 0.86	7.95 ± 0.86	1.60 ± 0.07
Gentianopsis paludosa	Gentianaceae
椭圆叶花锚	龙胆科	78.65 ± 7.87	0.026 7 ± 0.000 6	1.6 ± 0.6	9.18 ± 0.27	7.87 ± 0.11	1.17 ± 0.04
Halenia elliptica	Gentianaceae
蓝白龙胆	龙胆科	75.22 ± 4.95	0.016 2 ± 0.000 7	0.5 ± 0.0	7.64 ± 0.72	4.95 ± 0.42	1.54 ± 0.03
Gentiana leucomelaena	Gentianaceae
鹅绒委陵菜	蔷薇科	65.53 ± 8.48	0.024 1 ± 0.000 2	12.3 ± 2.1	11.51 ± 0.21	8.48 ± 0.21	1.36 ± 0.01
Potentilla anserina	Rosaceae
莓叶委陵菜	蔷薇科	65.57 ± 7.50	0.015 9 ± 0.000 3	3.8 ± 0.8	7.72 ± 0.31	7.50 ± 0.31	1.03 ± 0.01
Potentilla saundersiana	Rosaceae
矮地榆	蔷薇科	69.03 ± 6.57	0.019 5 ± 0.000 8	10.0 ± 1.7	13.31 ± 0.78	10.57 ± 0.77	1.27 ± 0.02
Sanguisorba filiformis	Rosaceae
高山韭	百合科	79.36 ± 9.92	0.009 9 ± 0.000 3	10.2 ± 2.6	6.04 ± 0.28	9.92 ± 0.26	0.62 ± 0.04
Allium sikkimense	Liliaceae
折被韭	百合科	76.11 ± 9.71	0.014 7 ± 0.000 8	3.8 ± 0.7	15.71 ± 0.83	9.71 ± 0.37	1.63 ± 0.09
Allium chrysocephalum	Liliaceae
毛果婆婆纳	玄参科	72.31 ± 8.90	0.018 4 ± 0.000 6	1.3 ± 0.3	12.08 ± 0.65	8.90 ± 0.33	1.35 ± 0.04
Veronica eriogyne	Scrophulariaceae
拟鼻花马先蒿	玄参科	77.71 ± 5.69	0.019 5 ± 0.000 3	2.2 ± 0.1	4.25 ± 0.32	5.69 ± 0.61	0.77 ± 0.05
Pedicularis rhinanthoides	Scrophulariaceae
青藏大戟	大戟科	64.34 ± 8.32	0.020 1 ± 0.001 1	0.8 ± 0.0	7.64 ± 0.18	8.32 ± 0.51	0.94 ± 0.04
Euphorbia micractina	Euphorbiaceae
平车前	车前科	81.14 ± 9.81	0.026 8 ± 0.000 4	5.7 ± 1.9	7.09 ± 0.42	12.81 ± 0.29	0.56 ± 0.04
Plantago depressa	Plantaginaceae
甘松香	败酱科	78.60 ± 8.75	0.014 5 ± 0.000 9	9.7 ± 1.2	14.06 ± 0.93	11.75 ± 0.72	1.19 ± 0.01
Nardostachys jatamansi	Valerianaceae
矮泽芹	伞形科	75.81 ± 8.17	0.019 3 ± 0.001 7	7.6 ± 0.9	7.02 ± 0.07	8.17 ± 0.05	0.86 ± 0.01
Chamaesium paradoxum	Umbelliferae

物种 Species	科 Family	LWC (%) CV = 0.11	SLA (m²·g^-1) CV = 0.27	LA (cm²) CV = 1.73	P_n (μmol CO₂·m^-2·s^-1) CV = 0.33	T_r (mmol H₂O· m^-2·s^-1) CV = 0.33	WUE (μmol CO₂· mmol^-1H₂O) CV = 0.36
甘肃薹草	莎草科	60.50 ± 6.21	0.016 4 ± 0.000 5	8.9 ± 1.3	10.09 ± 0.30	6.21 ± 0.13	1.62 ± 0.03
Carex kansuensis	Cyperaceae
乌拉薹草	莎草科	61.09 ± 4.39	0.013 0 ± 0.000 6	14.7 ± 1.3	9.05 ± 0.30	4.39 ± 0.13	2.07 ± 0.08
Carex meyeriana	Cyperaceae
华扁穗草	莎草科	64.12 ± 8.56	0.012 4 ± 0.000 4	4.8 ± 0.8	14.24 ± 0.20	8.56 ± 0.25	1.68 ± 0.05
Blysmus sinocompressus	Cyperaceae
红棕薹草	莎草科	59.29 ± 7.96	0.019 6 ± 0.000 8	2.0 ± 0.3	6.82 ± 0.78	7.96 ± 1.03	0.91 ± 0.05
Carex przewalskii	Cyperaceae
线叶嵩草	莎草科	58.12 ± 8.60	0.008 8 ± 0.000 7	2.3 ± 0.6	16.07 ± 0.08	8.60 ± 0.24	1.88 ± 0.05
Kobresia capilifolia	Cyperaceae
疏花剪股颖	禾本科	59.33 ± 2.89	0.021 6 ± 0.001 2	1.9 ± 1.1	5.03 ± 0.25	2.89 ± 0.11	1.77 ± 0.12
Agrostis perlaxa	Gramineae
甘青剪股颖	禾本科	60.80 ± 6.86	0.026 6 ± 0.001 0	2.3 ± 0.7	8.43 ± 0.36	6.86 ± 1.02	1.39 ± 0.19
Agrostis hugoniana	Gramineae
羊茅	禾本科	58.27 ± 6.61	0.015 1 ± 0.000 5	0.7 ± 0.0	10.29 ± 0.51	6.61 ± 0.44	1.56 ± 0.03
Festuca ovina	Gramineae
发草	禾本科	60.36 ± 3.00	0.013 9 ± 0.000 3	1.3 ± 0.3	11.05 ± 0.32	3.00 ± 0.18	3.76 ± 0.20
Deschampsia caespitosa	Gramineae
恰草	禾本科	63.27 ± 4.68	0.019 5 ± 0.001 2	2.8 ± 0.4	9.46 ± 1.25	4.68 ± 0.74	2.23 ± 0.16
Koeleria macrantha	Gramineae
垂穗披碱草	禾本科	62.63 ± 2.92	0.019 8 ± 0.001 1	3.0 ± 0.7	5.85 ± 1.11	2.92 ± 0.67	2.20 ± 0.10
Elymus nutans	Gramineae
胡氏剪股颖	禾本科	60.71 ± 3.70	0.022 3 ± 0.000 3	1.0 ± 0.4	6.63 ± 0.37	3.70 ± 0.40	1.90 ± 0.15
Agrostis hookeriana	Gramineae
草地早熟禾	禾本科	58.75 ± 3.52	0.024 9 ± 0.000 6	1.5 ± 0.6	5.53 ± 0.61	3.52 ± 0.56	1.71 ± 0.16
Poa pratensis	Gramineae
中华羊茅	禾本科	59.58 ± 3.39	0.020 1 ± 0.000 3	1.8 ± 1.0	6.06 ± 0.35	3.39 ± 0.10	1.78 ± 0.05
Festuca sinensis	Gramineae
密花早熟禾	禾本科	60.45 ± 6.26	0.018 6 ± 0.000 5	1.7 ± 0.5	7.19 ± 0.57	6.26 ± 0.62	1.16 ± 0.03
Poa pachyantha	Gramineae
赖草	禾本科	63.99 ± 5.66	0.017 3 ± 0.000 6	14.5 ± 2.4	9.12 ± 0.61	5.66 ± 0.64	1.71 ± 0.10
Leymus secalinus	Gramineae
唐古特岩黄芪	豆科	71.66 ± 6.39	0.015 5 ± 0.000 2	10.5 ± 3.0	8.75 ± 0.06	6.39 ± 0.30	1.40 ± 0.07
Hedysarum tanguticum	Leguminosae
高山豆	豆科	75.94 ± 5.48	0.019 7 ± 0.000 5	4.4 ± 1.3	10.65 ± 0.48	10.48 ± 0.53	1.07 ± 0.09
Tibetia himalaica	Leguminosae
甘肃棘豆	豆科	71.05 ± 8.77	0.016 8 ± 0.000 6	6.8 ± 1.4	12.28 ± 0.56	8.77 ± 0.44	1.41 ± 0.03
Oxytropis kansuensis	Leguminosae
披针叶黄华	豆科	71.84 ± 5.94	0.014 3 ± 0.000 4	8.5 ± 1.4	13.95 ± 0.41	5.94 ± 0.54	2.50 ± 0.15
Thermopsis lanceolata	Leguminosae
黄帚橐吾	菊科	78.80 ± 7.10	0.013 8 ± 0.000 9	58.7 ± 6.4	13.40 ± 0.07	7.10 ± 0.64	1.99 ± 0.17
Ligularia virgaurea	Compositae
侧颈垂头菊	菊科	80.71 ± 5.81	0.010 7 ± 0.000 5	100.0 ± 5.9	13.17 ± 0.52	5.81 ± 0.19	2.27 ± 0.06
Cremanthodium pleurocaule	Compositae
长毛风毛菊	菊科	80.11 ± 8.67	0.010 7 ± 0.000 2	20.5 ± 6.1	13.92 ± 0.22	10.67 ± 0.61	1.36 ± 0.05
Saussurea hieracioides	Compositae
缘毛紫菀	菊科	80.16 ± 7.38	0.016 4 ± 0.000 3	3.7 ± 0.9	9.66 ± 0.38	11.38 ± 0.12	0.85 ± 0.04
Aster souliei	Compositae
星状风毛菊	菊科	81.10 ± 8.44	0.011 2 ± 0.000 5	5.4 ± 0.8	8.08 ± 0.48	8.44 ± 0.58	0.96 ± 0.02
Saussurea stella	Compositae
禾叶垂头菊	菊科	76.07 ± 6.37	0.008 9 ± 0.000 4	4.0 ± 0.7	13.88 ± 0.37	6.37 ± 0.23	2.21 ± 0.13
Cremanthodium lineare	Compositae
玲玲香清	菊科	72.33 ± 4.56	0.021 4 ± 0.000 2	2.6 ± 0.6	5.96 ± 0.23	4.56 ± 0.26	1.34 ± 0.06
Anaphalis hancockii	Compositae
香芸火绒草	菊科	71.69 ± 7.64	0.021 6 ± 0.000 7	1.3 ± 0.3	10.61 ± 0.12	7.64 ± 0.63	1.45 ± 0.11
Leontopodium haplophylloides	Compositae
小花草玉梅	毛茛科	72.97 ± 6.54	0.014 9 ± 0.000 5	52.2 ± 2.5	9.99 ± 0.50	6.54 ± 0.25	1.53 ± 0.07
Anemone rivularis var. flore-minore	Ranunculaceae
条叶银莲花	毛茛科	76.81 ± 8.14	0.015 4 ± 0.000 2	6.8 ± 1.4	10.73 ± 0.22	8.14 ± 0.24	1.32 ± 0.02
Anemone coelestina var. linearis	Ranunculaceae
矮金莲花	毛茛科	71.79 ± 7.96	0.012 2 ± 0.000 8	6.5 ± 0.9	10.97 ± 0.80	7.96 ± 0.25	1.37 ± 0.06
Trollius farreri	Ranunculaceae
驴蹄草	毛茛科	76.45 ± 7.43	0.019 0 ± 0.000 1	13.5 ± 2.0	8.44 ± 0.14	7.43 ± 0.20	1.15 ± 0.04
Caltha palustris	Ranunculaceae
高山唐松草	毛茛科	64.68 ± 7.17	0.015 6 ± 0.000 5	2.3 ± 1.8	13.03 ± 0.45	7.17 ± 0.18	1.81 ± 0.02
Thalictrum alpinum	Ranunculaceae
巴天酸模	蓼科	81.83 ± 6.73	0.018 6 ± 0.000 2	53.8 ± 3.3	10.46 ± 0.23	6.73 ± 0.33	1.60 ± 0.09
Rumex patientia	Polygonaceae
水生酸模	蓼科	78.96 ± 4.24	0.020 1 ± 0.001 3	10.0 ± 3.0	7.14 ± 0.38	4.24 ± 0.30	1.77 ± 0.10
Rumex aquaticus	Polygonaceae
西伯利亚蓼	蓼科	73.49 ± 5.88	0.013 7 ± 0.001 2	4.6 ± 1.1	19.23 ± 0.97	10.88 ± 0.11	1.77 ± 0.09
Polygonum sibiricum	Polygonaceae
珠芽蓼	蓼科	71.77 ± 7.83	0.013 9 ± 0.000 3	15.2 ± 1.7	7.96 ± 0.32	7.83 ± 0.10	1.01 ± 0.03
Polygonum viviparum	Polygonaceae
湿生扁蕾	龙胆科	81.79 ± 7.95	0.027 8 ± 0.000 9	2.3 ± 0.6	12.21 ± 0.86	7.95 ± 0.86	1.60 ± 0.07
Gentianopsis paludosa	Gentianaceae
椭圆叶花锚	龙胆科	78.65 ± 7.87	0.026 7 ± 0.000 6	1.6 ± 0.6	9.18 ± 0.27	7.87 ± 0.11	1.17 ± 0.04
Halenia elliptica	Gentianaceae
蓝白龙胆	龙胆科	75.22 ± 4.95	0.016 2 ± 0.000 7	0.5 ± 0.0	7.64 ± 0.72	4.95 ± 0.42	1.54 ± 0.03
Gentiana leucomelaena	Gentianaceae
鹅绒委陵菜	蔷薇科	65.53 ± 8.48	0.024 1 ± 0.000 2	12.3 ± 2.1	11.51 ± 0.21	8.48 ± 0.21	1.36 ± 0.01
Potentilla anserina	Rosaceae
莓叶委陵菜	蔷薇科	65.57 ± 7.50	0.015 9 ± 0.000 3	3.8 ± 0.8	7.72 ± 0.31	7.50 ± 0.31	1.03 ± 0.01
Potentilla saundersiana	Rosaceae
矮地榆	蔷薇科	69.03 ± 6.57	0.019 5 ± 0.000 8	10.0 ± 1.7	13.31 ± 0.78	10.57 ± 0.77	1.27 ± 0.02
Sanguisorba filiformis	Rosaceae
高山韭	百合科	79.36 ± 9.92	0.009 9 ± 0.000 3	10.2 ± 2.6	6.04 ± 0.28	9.92 ± 0.26	0.62 ± 0.04
Allium sikkimense	Liliaceae
折被韭	百合科	76.11 ± 9.71	0.014 7 ± 0.000 8	3.8 ± 0.7	15.71 ± 0.83	9.71 ± 0.37	1.63 ± 0.09
Allium chrysocephalum	Liliaceae
毛果婆婆纳	玄参科	72.31 ± 8.90	0.018 4 ± 0.000 6	1.3 ± 0.3	12.08 ± 0.65	8.90 ± 0.33	1.35 ± 0.04
Veronica eriogyne	Scrophulariaceae
拟鼻花马先蒿	玄参科	77.71 ± 5.69	0.019 5 ± 0.000 3	2.2 ± 0.1	4.25 ± 0.32	5.69 ± 0.61	0.77 ± 0.05
Pedicularis rhinanthoides	Scrophulariaceae
青藏大戟	大戟科	64.34 ± 8.32	0.020 1 ± 0.001 1	0.8 ± 0.0	7.64 ± 0.18	8.32 ± 0.51	0.94 ± 0.04
Euphorbia micractina	Euphorbiaceae
平车前	车前科	81.14 ± 9.81	0.026 8 ± 0.000 4	5.7 ± 1.9	7.09 ± 0.42	12.81 ± 0.29	0.56 ± 0.04
Plantago depressa	Plantaginaceae
甘松香	败酱科	78.60 ± 8.75	0.014 5 ± 0.000 9	9.7 ± 1.2	14.06 ± 0.93	11.75 ± 0.72	1.19 ± 0.01
Nardostachys jatamansi	Valerianaceae
矮泽芹	伞形科	75.81 ± 8.17	0.019 3 ± 0.001 7	7.6 ± 0.9	7.02 ± 0.07	8.17 ± 0.05	0.86 ± 0.01
Chamaesium paradoxum	Umbelliferae