Dynamic responses of aboveground biomass and soil organic matter content to grassland restoration

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2017.0046

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Based on a long-term observation experiment set up in 1983, which was designed to test how different restoration measures would affect the aboveground biomass and soil organic matter content in a degraded Leymus chinensis steppe in Nei Mongol, under the enclosure protection from interference. Our restoration measures included shallow plowing, harrowing and natural restoration.

Methods This experiment used the quadrat method (five replicates) to survey the aboveground biomass and the potassium dichromate oxidation volumetric method to analyze soil organic matter content.

Important findings Results showed that the changes of aboveground biomass in the early period (1983-1991) were significantly higher under shallow plowing treatment than under natural restoration, while those under the harrowing treatment were not significantly different from those under the rest two treatments. In the middle period (1991-2006), there the three treatments had no significant different changes of aboveground biomass. In the late period (2006-2014), the changes of aboveground biomass were in the order of natural restoration > harrowing > shallow plowing, while the difference was significant between natural restoration and shallow plowing. The changes of soil organic matter content in the 0-10 cm soil layer in the early period was significantly different under different treatments and was in the order of shallow plowing > harrowing > natural restoration. Compared to the initial value (1983), natural restoration, harrowing, and shallow plowing treatments increased soil organic matter content by 21%, 45%, and 37% respectively. In middle and late period, natural restoration increased soil organic matter content significantly more than shallow plowing did, while harrowing treatment result was between the two treatment results and was not significantly different from natural restoration and shallow plowing. Natural restoration, harrowing, shallow plowing increased soil organic matter content by 61%, 46%, and 57% respectively in the middle period and by 67%, 51%, 62% in the later period. The changes of soil organic matter content in the 10-30 cm soil layer in the early period was significantly different under different treatments and was in the order of shallow plowing > natural restoration > harrowing. In middle and late periods, there was no significant difference among treatments. In summary, different improvement measures should be chosen according to the objectives of recovery. On a short time scale, shallow plowing is beneficial to the rapid restoration of productivity and soil organic carbon content in the degraded Leymus chinensis steppe, while the benefit of natural restoration and harrowing is more obvious on a longer time scale.

http://jtp.cnki.net/bilingual/detail/html/ZWSB201803007

Key words: degraded Leymus chinensis steppe, improving measures, aboveground biomass, organic matter content in soil, dynamic change

ZHANG Lu, HAO Bi-Tai, QI Li-Xue, LI Yan-Long, XU Hui-Min, YANG Li-Na, BAOYIN Taogetao. Dynamic responses of aboveground biomass and soil organic matter content to grassland restoration[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2018, 42(3): 317-326.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2017.0046

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2018/V42/I3/317

Figures/Tables 12

References 25

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处理 Treatment	地上生物量 Aboveground biomass (g·m^-2)
	前期 Early period (1987-1991)	中期 Middle period (2002-2006)	后期 Latter period (2010-2014)
自然恢复 Natural restoration	134.15 ± 9.9^bB	180.82 ± 17^aB	281.75 ± 36.7^aA
浅耕翻 Shallow plough	165.85 ± 9.3^aA	185.57 ± 15.1^aA	192.98 ± 21.5^bA
耙地 Harrow	141.56 ± 8.9^abC	197.04 ± 10.1^aB	237.32 ± 20.6^abA

处理 Treatment	地上生物量 Aboveground biomass (g·m^-2)
	前期 Early period (1987-1991)	中期 Middle period (2002-2006)	后期 Latter period (2010-2014)
自然恢复 Natural restoration	134.15 ± 9.9^bB	180.82 ± 17^aB	281.75 ± 36.7^aA
浅耕翻 Shallow plough	165.85 ± 9.3^aA	185.57 ± 15.1^aA	192.98 ± 21.5^bA
耙地 Harrow	141.56 ± 8.9^abC	197.04 ± 10.1^aB	237.32 ± 20.6^abA

处理 Treatment		生物量与5-8月平均气温 Biomass and mean air temperature since May to August	生物量与年平均气温 Biomass and mean annual air temperature	生物量与5-8月总降水量 Biomass and total precipitation since May to August	生物量与年总降水量 Biomass and total annual precipitation
自然恢复 Natural restoration	R²	0.010β9	0.056β3	0.089β1	0.103β3
自然恢复 Natural restoration	p	0.866β7	0.470β8	0.297β2	0.242β3
浅耕翻 Shallow plough	R²	0.003β8	0.029β6	0.140β0	0.208β0
浅耕翻 Shallow plough	p	0.952β1	0.677β0	0.140β7	0.048β3
耙地 Harrow	R²	0.017β9	0.118β8	0.041β5	0.081β7
耙地 Harrow	p	0.790β3	0.193β1	0.576β4	0.330β4

处理 Treatment		生物量与5-8月平均气温 Biomass and mean air temperature since May to August	生物量与年平均气温 Biomass and mean annual air temperature	生物量与5-8月总降水量 Biomass and total precipitation since May to August	生物量与年总降水量 Biomass and total annual precipitation
自然恢复 Natural restoration	R²	0.010β9	0.056β3	0.089β1	0.103β3
自然恢复 Natural restoration	p	0.866β7	0.470β8	0.297β2	0.242β3
浅耕翻 Shallow plough	R²	0.003β8	0.029β6	0.140β0	0.208β0
浅耕翻 Shallow plough	p	0.952β1	0.677β0	0.140β7	0.048β3
耙地 Harrow	R²	0.017β9	0.118β8	0.041β5	0.081β7
耙地 Harrow	p	0.790β3	0.193β1	0.576β4	0.330β4

土层深度 Soil depth(cm)	年份 Year	不同处理土壤有机质含量 Soil organic matter content under different treatment (mg·kg^-1)
土层深度 Soil depth(cm)	年份 Year	自然恢复 Natural restoration	浅耕翻 Shallow plough	耙地 Harrow
0-10	1991	17.14 ± 0.3^cB	21.24 ± 0.2^aA	18.37 ± 0.5^bB
10-30	1991	14.67 ± 0.5^bB	15.60 ± 0.2^aA	11.50 ± 0.09^cB
0-10	2006	30.04 ± 0.7^aA	21.42 ± 2.4^bA	27.12 ± 2.8^abA
10-30	2006	20.98 ± 2.4^aA	15.96 ± 1.8^aA	18.86 ± 2.8^aA
0-10	2014	35.25 ± 5.8^aA	23.65 ± 1.1^bA	30.70 ± 1.4^abA
10-30	2014	17.69 ± 1.3^aAB	14.63 ± 0.5^aA	17.40 ± 1.0^aA