植物生态学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 878-889.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0084
收稿日期:
2015-03-04
接受日期:
2015-08-04
出版日期:
2015-09-03
发布日期:
2015-09-23
通讯作者:
贺学礼
作者简介:
* 共同第一作者 Co-first author
基金资助:
SUN Qian, HE Chao, HE Xue-Li*(), ZHAO Li-Li
Received:
2015-03-04
Accepted:
2015-08-04
Online:
2015-09-03
Published:
2015-09-23
Contact:
Xue-Li HE
About author:
# Co-first authors
摘要:
为了探明荒漠环境深色有隔内生真菌(dark septate endophytes, DSE)生态分布和定殖状况, 于2013年7月从宁夏银川、沙坡头和甘肃民勤地区采集沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus)及其伴生植物根围0-10、10-20、20-30、30-40、40-50 cm共5个土层土壤样品和根样, 研究了DSE空间定殖规律及其与土壤因子的相关关系。结果表明: 沙冬青和伴生植物根系能被DSE侵染, DSE分布和定殖具有明显的空间异质性, 并与土壤因子密切相关。沙冬青DSE微菌核结构紧凑, 呈团块状, 而伴生植物DSE微菌核零散分布。同一样地, 沙冬青DSE菌丝定殖率、定殖强度和总定殖率较伴生植物高, 而沙冬青和伴生植物微菌核定殖率无显著差异。不同样地, 沙冬青和伴生植物微菌核定殖率无显著差异, 沙冬青DSE菌丝定殖率、定殖强度和总定殖率为沙坡头>银川>民勤; 伴生植物DSE菌丝定殖率、定殖强度和总定殖率为银川>民勤>沙坡头。通径分析和主成分分析表明, 土壤有机质、总球囊霉素、磷酸酶和速效钾是西北荒漠环境中DSE定殖的主要影响因子。
孙茜, 贺超, 贺学礼, 赵丽莉. 沙冬青与伴生植物深色有隔内生真菌定殖规律及其与土壤因子的相关性. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(9): 878-889. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0084
SUN Qian,HE Chao,HE Xue-Li,ZHAO Li-Li. Colonization of dark septate endophytes in roots of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and its associated plants as influenced by soil properties. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(9): 878-889. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0084
样地 Sampling site | 伴生植物 Associated plants | 海拔 Elevation (m) | 经纬度 Latitude and longitude | 土壤类型 Type of soil |
---|---|---|---|---|
宁夏银川 Yinchuan, Ningxia | 白刺 Nitraria tangutorum 沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum | 1 169 | 38.6° N, 106.57° E | 石质为主 Stony mainly |
宁夏沙坡头 Shapotou, Ningxia | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | 1 298 | 37.57° N, 104.97° E | 沙土为主 Sand mainly |
甘肃民勤 Minqin, Gansu | 无叶沙拐枣 Calligonum aphyllum 红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea | 1 350 | 38.58° N, 102.93° E | 荒漠沙质 Sandy desert |
表1 样地和沙冬青伴生植物种类
Table 1 Sampling sites and associated plant species of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus
样地 Sampling site | 伴生植物 Associated plants | 海拔 Elevation (m) | 经纬度 Latitude and longitude | 土壤类型 Type of soil |
---|---|---|---|---|
宁夏银川 Yinchuan, Ningxia | 白刺 Nitraria tangutorum 沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum | 1 169 | 38.6° N, 106.57° E | 石质为主 Stony mainly |
宁夏沙坡头 Shapotou, Ningxia | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | 1 298 | 37.57° N, 104.97° E | 沙土为主 Sand mainly |
甘肃民勤 Minqin, Gansu | 无叶沙拐枣 Calligonum aphyllum 红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea | 1 350 | 38.58° N, 102.93° E | 荒漠沙质 Sandy desert |
图1 沙冬青及其伴生植物的深色有隔内生真菌(DSE)菌丝结构。 A, 银川沙冬青DSE菌丝。B, 沙坡头沙冬青DSE菌丝。C, 民勤沙冬青DSE菌丝侵入维管组织。D, 银川沙蒿DSE菌丝。E, 银川白刺DSE菌丝侵入维管组织。F, 沙坡头柠条锦鸡儿DSE菌丝。G, 民勤无叶沙拐枣DSE菌丝。H, 民勤红花锦鸡儿DSE菌丝。
Fig. 1 Hyphal structure of dark septate endophytes (DSE) in roots of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and its associated plants. A, Hyphae of DSE in A. mongolicus in Yinchuan. B, Hyphae of DSE in A. mongolicus in Shapotou. C, Infection of DSE in vascular tissue of A. mongolicus in Minqin. D, Hyphae of DSE in Artemisia desertorum in Yinchuan. E, Infection of DSE in vascular tissue of Nitraria tangutorum in Yinchuan. F, Hyphae of DSE in Caragana korshinskii in Shapotou. G, Hyphae of DSE in Calligonum aphyllum in Minqin. H, Hyphae of DSE in C. rosea in Minqin.
图2 沙冬青及其伴生植物的深色有隔内生真菌(DSE)微菌核结构特征。A, 银川沙冬青DSE脑状微菌核。B, 银川沙冬青DSE链状微菌核。C, 沙坡头沙冬青DSE微菌核群。D, 沙坡头沙冬青DSE叶状微菌核。E, 民勤沙冬青DSE带状微菌核。F, 民勤沙冬青DSE叶状微菌核。G, 银川白刺DSE脑状微菌核。H, 银川沙蒿DSE零散状微菌核。I, 沙坡头柠条锦鸡儿DSE菌丝特化微菌核。J, 沙坡头柠条锦鸡儿DSE叶状微菌核。K, 民勤红花锦鸡儿DSE带状微菌核。L, 民勤无叶沙拐枣DSE叶状微菌核。
Fig. 2 Microsclerotia of dark septate endophytes (DSE) in roots of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and its associated plants. A, Brain-like microsclerotia of DSE in A. mongolicus in Yinchuan. B, Chain-like microsclerotia of DSE in A. mongolicus in Yinchuan. C, Microsclerotia clusters of DSE in A. mongolicus in Shapotou. D, Leaf-like microsclerotia of DSE in A. mongolicus in Shapotou. E, Ribbon-like microsclerotia of DSE in A. mongolicus in Minqin. F, leaf-like microsclerotia of DSE in A. mongolicus in Minqin. G, Brain-like microsclerotia of DSE in Nitraria tangutorum in Yinchuan. H, Scattered microsclerotia of DSE in Artemisia desertorum in Yinchuan. I, Specialized microsclerotia of DSE in Caragana korshinskii in Shapotou. J, Leaf-like microsclerotia of DSE in C. korshinskii in Shapotou. K, Ribbon-like microsclerotia of DSE in C. rosea in Minqin. L, Leaf-like microsclerotia of DSE in Calligonum aphyllum in Minqin.
图3 沙冬青及其伴生植物深色有隔内生真菌定殖率和定殖强度空间分布(平均值±标准偏差)。不同大写字母表示同一植物不同土层间差异显著(p < 0.05); 不同小写字母表示不同植物同一土层间差异显著(p < 0.05)。
Fig. 3 The spatial variation of the colonization of dark septate endophytes in roots of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and its associated plants (mean ± SD). Different capital letters above the columns indicate significant difference between different soil layers of the same plant species (p < 0.05). Different lowercase letters above the columns indicate significant difference among different plants at the same soil layer (p < 0.05).
图4 沙冬青及其伴生植物根围土壤因子空间分布(平均值±标准偏差)。不同大写字母表示同一植物不同土层间差异显著(p < 0.05); 不同小写字母表示不同植物同一土层间差异显著(p < 0.05)。
Fig. 4 The spatial variation of soil properties in the rhizosphere of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and its associated plants (mean ± SD). Different capital letters above the columns indicate significant difference between different soil layers of the same plant species (p < 0.05). Different lowercase letters above the columns indicate significant difference among different plants at the same soil layer (p < 0.05).
自变量 Independent variable | 与y的简单相关系数 Simple correlation with y | 通径系数的直接作用 Direct action of path coefficient | 间接通径系数(间接作用) Indirect path coefficient (indirect effect) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | |||
x1 | -0.174 6 | -0.161 0 | - | 0.023 7 | -0.002 3 | -0.005 6 | 0.002 1 | -0.019 9 | -0.003 0 | -0.040 5 |
x2 | 0.398 8 | 0.212 0 | -0.018 0 | - | -0.004 1 | -0.003 2 | 0.015 0 | 0.005 8 | -0.006 6 | 0.186 4 |
x3 | 0.607 6 | -0.014 0 | -0.026 9 | 0.061 9 | - | 0.001 3 | 0.022 4 | 0.010 3 | -0.012 5 | 0.551 0 |
x4 | 0.177 1 | 0.053 0 | 0.017 1 | -0.012 7 | -0.000 3 | - | 0.040 2 | 0.081 9 | 0.009 9 | 0.139 9 |
x5 | 0.361 0 | 0.119 0 | -0.002 9 | 0.026 7 | -0.002 6 | 0.017 9 | - | 0.089 8 | 0.014 0 | 0.227 2 |
x6 | 0.294 5 | 0.127 0 | 0.025 3 | 0.009 8 | -0.001 1 | 0.034 2 | 0.084 1 | - | 0.014 5 | 0.164 7 |
x7 | -0.347 3 | 0.025 0 | 0.019 3 | -0.055 8 | 0.007 0 | 0.020 9 | 0.066 6 | 0.073 7 | - | -0.311 0 |
x8 | 0.766 1 | 0.710 0 | 0.009 2 | 0.055 8 | -0.010 9 | 0.010 4 | 0.038 1 | 0.029 5 | -0.011 0 | - |
表2 银川样地土壤因子(xi)与深色有隔内生真菌总定殖率(y)的通径分析
Table 2 Path coefficient between soil factors (xi) and total colonization of dark septate endophytes (y) in Yinchuan
自变量 Independent variable | 与y的简单相关系数 Simple correlation with y | 通径系数的直接作用 Direct action of path coefficient | 间接通径系数(间接作用) Indirect path coefficient (indirect effect) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | |||
x1 | -0.174 6 | -0.161 0 | - | 0.023 7 | -0.002 3 | -0.005 6 | 0.002 1 | -0.019 9 | -0.003 0 | -0.040 5 |
x2 | 0.398 8 | 0.212 0 | -0.018 0 | - | -0.004 1 | -0.003 2 | 0.015 0 | 0.005 8 | -0.006 6 | 0.186 4 |
x3 | 0.607 6 | -0.014 0 | -0.026 9 | 0.061 9 | - | 0.001 3 | 0.022 4 | 0.010 3 | -0.012 5 | 0.551 0 |
x4 | 0.177 1 | 0.053 0 | 0.017 1 | -0.012 7 | -0.000 3 | - | 0.040 2 | 0.081 9 | 0.009 9 | 0.139 9 |
x5 | 0.361 0 | 0.119 0 | -0.002 9 | 0.026 7 | -0.002 6 | 0.017 9 | - | 0.089 8 | 0.014 0 | 0.227 2 |
x6 | 0.294 5 | 0.127 0 | 0.025 3 | 0.009 8 | -0.001 1 | 0.034 2 | 0.084 1 | - | 0.014 5 | 0.164 7 |
x7 | -0.347 3 | 0.025 0 | 0.019 3 | -0.055 8 | 0.007 0 | 0.020 9 | 0.066 6 | 0.073 7 | - | -0.311 0 |
x8 | 0.766 1 | 0.710 0 | 0.009 2 | 0.055 8 | -0.010 9 | 0.010 4 | 0.038 1 | 0.029 5 | -0.011 0 | - |
自变量Independent variable | 与y的简单相关系数 Simple correlation with y | 通径系数的直接作用 Direct action of path coefficient | 间接通径系数(间接作用) Indirect path coefficients (indirect effect) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | |||
x1 | -0.073 2 | 0.039 0 | - | -0.006 1 | -0.006 8 | -0.072 5 | -0.062 1 | -0.012 3 | -0.001 7 | -0.048 5 |
x2 | 0.222 6 | 0.032 0 | -0.007 5 | - | 0.002 4 | 0.329 6 | 0.259 6 | 0.035 6 | -0.078 0 | -0.053 3 |
x3 | 0.249 3 | 0.110 0 | -0.002 4 | 0.000 7 | - | -0.194 1 | -0.066 0 | -0.012 8 | 0.115 0 | 0.267 9 |
x4 | 0.359 9 | 0.529 0 | -0.005 3 | 0.019 9 | -0.040 4 | - | 0.334 8 | 0.051 5 | -0.115 5 | -0.077 0 |
x5 | 0.406 6 | 0.388 0 | -0.006 2 | 0.021 4 | -0.018 7 | 0.456 5 | - | 0.052 7 | -0.094 1 | 0.018 5 |
x6 | 0.357 0 | 0.060 0 | -0.008 0 | 0.019 0 | -0.023 4 | 0.454 4 | 0.341 1 | - | -0.084 7 | 0.002 2 |
x7 | -0.075 5 | -0.174 0 | 0.000 4 | 0.014 3 | -0.072 7 | 0.351 3 | 0.209 9 | 0.029 2 | - | -0.246 1 |
x8 | 0.389 0 | 0.370 0 | -0.005 1 | -0.004 6 | 0.079 6 | -0.110 0 | 0.019 4 | 0.036 0 | 0.115 7 | - |
表3 沙坡头样地土壤因子(xi)与深色有隔内生真菌总定殖率(y)的通径分析
Table 3 Path coefficient between soil factors (xi) and total colonization of dark septate endophytes (y) in Shapotou
自变量Independent variable | 与y的简单相关系数 Simple correlation with y | 通径系数的直接作用 Direct action of path coefficient | 间接通径系数(间接作用) Indirect path coefficients (indirect effect) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | |||
x1 | -0.073 2 | 0.039 0 | - | -0.006 1 | -0.006 8 | -0.072 5 | -0.062 1 | -0.012 3 | -0.001 7 | -0.048 5 |
x2 | 0.222 6 | 0.032 0 | -0.007 5 | - | 0.002 4 | 0.329 6 | 0.259 6 | 0.035 6 | -0.078 0 | -0.053 3 |
x3 | 0.249 3 | 0.110 0 | -0.002 4 | 0.000 7 | - | -0.194 1 | -0.066 0 | -0.012 8 | 0.115 0 | 0.267 9 |
x4 | 0.359 9 | 0.529 0 | -0.005 3 | 0.019 9 | -0.040 4 | - | 0.334 8 | 0.051 5 | -0.115 5 | -0.077 0 |
x5 | 0.406 6 | 0.388 0 | -0.006 2 | 0.021 4 | -0.018 7 | 0.456 5 | - | 0.052 7 | -0.094 1 | 0.018 5 |
x6 | 0.357 0 | 0.060 0 | -0.008 0 | 0.019 0 | -0.023 4 | 0.454 4 | 0.341 1 | - | -0.084 7 | 0.002 2 |
x7 | -0.075 5 | -0.174 0 | 0.000 4 | 0.014 3 | -0.072 7 | 0.351 3 | 0.209 9 | 0.029 2 | - | -0.246 1 |
x8 | 0.389 0 | 0.370 0 | -0.005 1 | -0.004 6 | 0.079 6 | -0.110 0 | 0.019 4 | 0.036 0 | 0.115 7 | - |
自变量Independent variable | 与y的简单相关系数 Simple correlation with y | 通径系数的直接作用 Direct action of path coefficient | 间接通径系数(间接作用) Indirect path coefficients (indirect effect) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | |||
x1 | 0.502 1 | 0.358 0 | - | -0.026 6 | 0.037 5 | 0.106 9 | -0.051 3 | -0.018 9 | 0.018 3 | -0.002 3 |
x2 | 0.179 2 | 0.190 0 | -0.050 1 | - | 0.011 0 | 0.042 3 | -0.001 4 | -0.002 1 | 0.000 5 | 0.016 2 |
x3 | 0.438 0 | 0.305 0 | 0.044 0 | 0.006 8 | - | 0.088 6 | -0.014 8 | -0.002 3 | 0.008 7 | 0.009 7 |
x4 | -0.511 6 | -0.226 0 | -0.007 1 | -0.030 2 | -0.101 6 | - | 0.034 8 | 0.008 7 | -0.013 3 | -0.143 9 |
x5 | -0.371 3 | 0.078 0 | -0.235 6 | -0.003 6 | -0.058 0 | -0.118 6 | - | 0.021 6 | -0.021 6 | -0.007 7 |
x6 | -0.264 9 | 0.034 0 | -0.199 0 | -0.011 6 | -0.021 0 | -0.067 8 | 0.049 5 | - | -0.011 2 | 0.004 8 |
x7 | -0.429 0 | -0.031 0 | -0.210 5 | 0.002 9 | -0.086 0 | -0.113 8 | 0.054 4 | 0.012 3 | - | 0.000 7 |
x8 | 0.136 0 | 0.041 0 | -0.019 7 | 0.075 2 | 0.072 0 | 0.046 3 | -0.014 7 | 0.004 0 | -0.000 5 | - |
表4 民勤样地土壤因子(xi)与深色有隔内生真菌总定殖率(y)的通径分析
Table 4 Path coefficient between soil factors (xi) and total colonization of dark septate endophytes (y) in Minqin
自变量Independent variable | 与y的简单相关系数 Simple correlation with y | 通径系数的直接作用 Direct action of path coefficient | 间接通径系数(间接作用) Indirect path coefficients (indirect effect) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x1 | x2 | x3 | x4 | x5 | x6 | x7 | x8 | |||
x1 | 0.502 1 | 0.358 0 | - | -0.026 6 | 0.037 5 | 0.106 9 | -0.051 3 | -0.018 9 | 0.018 3 | -0.002 3 |
x2 | 0.179 2 | 0.190 0 | -0.050 1 | - | 0.011 0 | 0.042 3 | -0.001 4 | -0.002 1 | 0.000 5 | 0.016 2 |
x3 | 0.438 0 | 0.305 0 | 0.044 0 | 0.006 8 | - | 0.088 6 | -0.014 8 | -0.002 3 | 0.008 7 | 0.009 7 |
x4 | -0.511 6 | -0.226 0 | -0.007 1 | -0.030 2 | -0.101 6 | - | 0.034 8 | 0.008 7 | -0.013 3 | -0.143 9 |
x5 | -0.371 3 | 0.078 0 | -0.235 6 | -0.003 6 | -0.058 0 | -0.118 6 | - | 0.021 6 | -0.021 6 | -0.007 7 |
x6 | -0.264 9 | 0.034 0 | -0.199 0 | -0.011 6 | -0.021 0 | -0.067 8 | 0.049 5 | - | -0.011 2 | 0.004 8 |
x7 | -0.429 0 | -0.031 0 | -0.210 5 | 0.002 9 | -0.086 0 | -0.113 8 | 0.054 4 | 0.012 3 | - | 0.000 7 |
x8 | 0.136 0 | 0.041 0 | -0.019 7 | 0.075 2 | 0.072 0 | 0.046 3 | -0.014 7 | 0.004 0 | -0.000 5 | - |
土壤因子 Soil factors | 第一主成分 PC1 | 第二主成分 PC2 |
---|---|---|
有机质 Organic matter | 0.771 | 0.293 |
速效P Available P | 0.717 | 0.498 |
易提取球囊霉素 Easily extractable glomalin | 0.313 | 0.930 |
总球囊霉素 Total extractable glomalin | 0.856 | -0.356 |
酸性磷酸酶 Acid phosphatase | 0.969 | -0.072 |
碱性磷酸酶 Alkaline phosphatase | 0.947 | -0.173 |
速效K Available K | 0.759 | -0.576 |
碱解N Available N | 0.109 | 0.926 |
特征值 Eigenvalue | 4.364 | 2.550 |
贡献率 Contribution rate | 54.544 | 31.877 |
表5 主成分载荷矩阵、特征值和贡献率
Table 5 Principle component (PC) loading matrix, eigenvalue and contribution rate
土壤因子 Soil factors | 第一主成分 PC1 | 第二主成分 PC2 |
---|---|---|
有机质 Organic matter | 0.771 | 0.293 |
速效P Available P | 0.717 | 0.498 |
易提取球囊霉素 Easily extractable glomalin | 0.313 | 0.930 |
总球囊霉素 Total extractable glomalin | 0.856 | -0.356 |
酸性磷酸酶 Acid phosphatase | 0.969 | -0.072 |
碱性磷酸酶 Alkaline phosphatase | 0.947 | -0.173 |
速效K Available K | 0.759 | -0.576 |
碱解N Available N | 0.109 | 0.926 |
特征值 Eigenvalue | 4.364 | 2.550 |
贡献率 Contribution rate | 54.544 | 31.877 |
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