植物生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 729-737.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0270
所属专题: 生物多样性
收稿日期:
2016-08-29
接受日期:
2017-04-05
出版日期:
2017-07-10
发布日期:
2017-08-21
通讯作者:
贺学礼
作者简介:
* 通信作者Author for correspondence (E-mail:基金资助:
Qian SUN, Zi-Ke XUE, Lin-Lin XIE, Xue-Li HE*(), Li-Li ZHAO
Received:
2016-08-29
Accepted:
2017-04-05
Online:
2017-07-10
Published:
2017-08-21
Contact:
Xue-Li HE
About author:
KANG Jing-yao(1991-), E-mail: 摘要:
2013年7月从内蒙古磴口, 宁夏银川、沙坡头和甘肃民勤采集沙蒿(Artemisia desertorum)、红花锦鸡儿(Caragana rosea)、白刺(Nitraria tangutorum)、柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii)等4种沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus)伴生植物的根系样品, 采用形态特征结合rDNA ITS序列分析进行真菌分类鉴定, 研究了深色有隔内生真菌(DSE)群落组成和物种多样性。从4种伴生植物根样中共分离鉴定7类DSE(即Alternaria、Curvularia、Embellisia、Phialocephala、Phoma、Podospora和Pleosporales), 其中Alternaria、Embellisia、Curvularia和Podospora为荒漠生态系统首次报道的DSE。同一样地伴生植物与沙冬青DSE群落组成差异明显, 不同样地沙冬青与伴生植物DSE物种多样性指数差异显著。结果表明, 自然条件下沙冬青DSE定殖率和物种数量, 特别是产孢种类和数量多于其伴生植物, 暗示DSE能够与沙冬青根系形成更好的共生关系, 增强沙冬青对极端荒漠环境的生态适应性。
孙茜, 薛子可, 解琳琳, 贺学礼, 赵丽莉. 沙冬青及其伴生植物深色有隔内生真菌物种多样性. 植物生态学报, 2017, 41(7): 729-737. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0270
Qian SUN, Zi-Ke XUE, Lin-Lin XIE, Xue-Li HE, Li-Li ZHAO. Diversity of dark septate endophyte in the roots of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and its companion plants. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2017, 41(7): 729-737. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0270
样地 Site | 伴生植物 Companion plant | 经纬度 Latitude and longitude | 海拔 Elevation (m) | 年降水量 Mean annual precipitation (mm) | 平均气温 Mean air temperature (℃) | 土壤类型 Soil type | 植被类型 Vegetation type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
内蒙古磴口 Dengkou, Nei Mongol | 沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum | 40.43° N, 106.52° E | 1 043 | 145 | 7.6 | 流动沙丘 Moving dune | 旱生灌木, 半灌木 Desert shrub, subshrub |
甘肃民勤 Minqin, Gansu | 红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea | 38.58° N, 102.93° E | 1 350 | 113 | 9.6 | 荒漠沙质 Sandy desert | 旱生灌木, 半灌木 Desert shrub, subshrub |
宁夏银川 Yinchuan, Ningxia | 白刺 Nitraria tangutorum | 38.6° N, 106.57° E | 1 169 | 203 | 8.5 | 石质为主 Stony mainly | 荒漠草地, 荒漠灌木 Desert grassland, desert shrub |
宁夏沙坡头 Shapotou, Ningxia | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | 37.57° N, 104.97° E | 1 298 | 186 | 9.5 | 沙土为主 Sand mainly | 旱生灌木, 半灌木 Desert shrub, subshrub |
表1 沙冬青伴生植物采样地及其生境
Table 1 Sampling site characteristics of companion plants of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus
样地 Site | 伴生植物 Companion plant | 经纬度 Latitude and longitude | 海拔 Elevation (m) | 年降水量 Mean annual precipitation (mm) | 平均气温 Mean air temperature (℃) | 土壤类型 Soil type | 植被类型 Vegetation type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
内蒙古磴口 Dengkou, Nei Mongol | 沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum | 40.43° N, 106.52° E | 1 043 | 145 | 7.6 | 流动沙丘 Moving dune | 旱生灌木, 半灌木 Desert shrub, subshrub |
甘肃民勤 Minqin, Gansu | 红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea | 38.58° N, 102.93° E | 1 350 | 113 | 9.6 | 荒漠沙质 Sandy desert | 旱生灌木, 半灌木 Desert shrub, subshrub |
宁夏银川 Yinchuan, Ningxia | 白刺 Nitraria tangutorum | 38.6° N, 106.57° E | 1 169 | 203 | 8.5 | 石质为主 Stony mainly | 荒漠草地, 荒漠灌木 Desert grassland, desert shrub |
宁夏沙坡头 Shapotou, Ningxia | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | 37.57° N, 104.97° E | 1 298 | 186 | 9.5 | 沙土为主 Sand mainly | 旱生灌木, 半灌木 Desert shrub, subshrub |
样地 Site | 伴生植物 Companion plant | 菌株数 Number of strains | 分离率 Isolation rate (%) |
---|---|---|---|
磴口 Dengkou | 沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum | 49 | 12.37 |
民勤 Minqin | 红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea | 11 | 3.83 |
银川 Yinchuan | 白刺 Nitraria tangutorum | 26 | 9.11 |
沙坡头 Shapotou | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | 17 | 4.59 |
表2 伴生植物深色有隔内生真菌分离率
Table 2 Isolation rate of dark septate endophyte in the companion plants of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus
样地 Site | 伴生植物 Companion plant | 菌株数 Number of strains | 分离率 Isolation rate (%) |
---|---|---|---|
磴口 Dengkou | 沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum | 49 | 12.37 |
民勤 Minqin | 红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea | 11 | 3.83 |
银川 Yinchuan | 白刺 Nitraria tangutorum | 26 | 9.11 |
沙坡头 Shapotou | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | 17 | 4.59 |
图1 产孢深色有隔内生真菌形态特征。A, E, DK-1. B, F, MQ-4. C, G, YC-2-1. D, H, SPT-1。
Fig. 1 The morphological characteristics of sporulating dark septate endophyte. A, E, DK-1. B, F, MQ-4. C, G, YC-2-1. D, H, SPT-1.
图2 不产孢深色有隔内生真菌形态特征。A, F, DK-0-10. B, G, DK-4. C, H, MQ-1. D, I, YC-2-1. E, J, YC-2-3。
Fig. 2 The morphological characteristics of sterile dark septate endophyte. A, F, DK-0-10. B, G, DK-4. C, H, MQ-1. D, I, YC-2-1. E, J, YC-2-3.
样地 Site | 分离菌株编号 Number of strains | 参考物种(登录号) Reference taxa (accession number) | 序列相似性 Similarity of sequence (%) |
---|---|---|---|
磴口 Dengkou | DK-1 | Podospora sp. (JQ354914.1) | 97% |
DK-0-10 | Alternaria alternate (KF731832.1) | 99% | |
DK-4 | Alternaria sp. (KC584231.1) | 99% | |
民勤 Minqin | MQ-1 | Pleosporales sp. (JN859354.1) | 97% |
MQ-4 | Curvularia sp. (JF742784.1) | 99% | |
银川 Yinchuan | YC-1 | Alternaria japonica (FJ477839.1) | 97% |
YC-2-1 | Embellisia sp. (JN859366.1) | 99% | |
YC-3 | Phialocephala fluminis (AF486124.1) | 100% | |
沙坡头 Shapotou | SPT-1 | Phoma medicaginis (FJ224118.1) | 99% |
表3 序列对比结果
Table 3 The results of sequence Blast
样地 Site | 分离菌株编号 Number of strains | 参考物种(登录号) Reference taxa (accession number) | 序列相似性 Similarity of sequence (%) |
---|---|---|---|
磴口 Dengkou | DK-1 | Podospora sp. (JQ354914.1) | 97% |
DK-0-10 | Alternaria alternate (KF731832.1) | 99% | |
DK-4 | Alternaria sp. (KC584231.1) | 99% | |
民勤 Minqin | MQ-1 | Pleosporales sp. (JN859354.1) | 97% |
MQ-4 | Curvularia sp. (JF742784.1) | 99% | |
银川 Yinchuan | YC-1 | Alternaria japonica (FJ477839.1) | 97% |
YC-2-1 | Embellisia sp. (JN859366.1) | 99% | |
YC-3 | Phialocephala fluminis (AF486124.1) | 100% | |
沙坡头 Shapotou | SPT-1 | Phoma medicaginis (FJ224118.1) | 99% |
图3 基于伴生植物深色有隔内生真菌ITS1-5.8S-ITS2序列构建的NJ树。DK-1、DK-0-10、DK-4是磴口样地伴生植物3种深色有隔内生真菌ITS1-5.8S-ITS2序列编号; MQ-1、MQ-4是民勤样地伴生植物两种深色有隔内生真菌ITS1-5.8S-ITS2序列编号; YC-1、YC-2-1、YC-3是银川样地伴生植物3种深色有隔内生真菌ITS1-5.8S-ITS2序列编号; SPT-1是沙坡头样地伴生植物深色有隔内生真菌ITS1-5.8S-ITS2序列编号。图中其他编号均为伴生植物深色有隔内生真菌在GenBank中Blast比对得到的ITS1-5.8S-ITS2序列的同源序列号。
Fig. 3 Neighbor-Joining tree of dark septate endophyte in the roots of the companion plants of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus. DK-1, DK-0-10, DK-4 represent the sequence numbers of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 form three kinds of dark septate endophyte in the roots of the companion plants of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus in Dengkou; MQ-1, MQ-4, represent the sequence numbers of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 form two kinds of dark septate endophyte in the roots of the companion plants of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus in Minqin; YC-1, YC- 2-1, YC-3, represent the sequence numbers of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 form three kinds of dark septate endophyte in the roots of the companion plants of Yinchuan; SPT-1 represents the sequence numbers of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 form dark septate endophyte in the roots of the companion plants of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus in Shapotou. Other accession numbers in the figure are homologous sequence of dark septate endophyte in the roots of the companion plants of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus.obtained by Blast.
样地 Site | 植物 Plant | 菌株编号 Number of strains | 分类 Classification | 菌株数量 Quantity of strains | 分离频率 Isolation frequency (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
磴口 Dengkou | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | DK-S | Cladosporium sp. | 16 | 5.61 |
DK-1 | Podospora sp. | 16 | 5.61 | ||
沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum | DK-0-10 | Alternaria alternate | 23 | 8.07 | |
DK-4 | Alternaria sp. | 10 | 3.51 | ||
总菌株数 Total strains | 65 | 22.74 | |||
民勤 Minqin | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 0-10MQ1217-2-2 | Paraphoma chrysanthemicola | 30 | 10.53 |
2MQ0-10 | Phoma sp. | 23 | 8.07 | ||
MQ1125 | Pleosporales sp. | 12 | 4.21 | ||
0-10MQ1217-3 | Cladosporium sphaerospermum | 16 | 5.61 | ||
红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea | MQ-1 | Pleosporales sp. | 6 | 2.11 | |
MQ-4 | Curvularia eragrostidis | 5 | 1.75 | ||
总菌株数 Total strains | 92 | 32.29 | |||
银川 Yichuan | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 8YC | Exophiala cancerae | 8 | 2.81 |
4YC | Phoma sp. | 9 | 3.16 | ||
白刺 Nitraria tangutorum | YC-1 | Alternaria japonica | 8 | 2.81 | |
YC-2-1 | Embellisia sp. | 15 | 5.26 | ||
YC-3 | Phialocephala fluminis | 3 | 1.06 | ||
总菌株数 Total strains | 43 | 15.08 | |||
沙坡头 Shapotou | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 2SPT1218 | Cladosporium cladosporioides | 12 | 4.21 |
3ASPT1218 | Exophiala sp. | 28 | 9.83 | ||
6SPT | Phialophora mustea | 13 | 4.56 | ||
SPT-1125 | Exophiala salmonis | 15 | 5.26 | ||
柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | SPT-1 | Phoma medicaginis | 17 | 5.96 | |
总菌株数 Total strains | 85 | 29.89 | |||
合计 Total | 285 | 100 |
表4 沙冬青及其伴生植物深色有隔内生真菌分离频率
Table 4 Isolation frequency of dark septate endophyte in Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and its companion plants
样地 Site | 植物 Plant | 菌株编号 Number of strains | 分类 Classification | 菌株数量 Quantity of strains | 分离频率 Isolation frequency (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
磴口 Dengkou | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | DK-S | Cladosporium sp. | 16 | 5.61 |
DK-1 | Podospora sp. | 16 | 5.61 | ||
沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum | DK-0-10 | Alternaria alternate | 23 | 8.07 | |
DK-4 | Alternaria sp. | 10 | 3.51 | ||
总菌株数 Total strains | 65 | 22.74 | |||
民勤 Minqin | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 0-10MQ1217-2-2 | Paraphoma chrysanthemicola | 30 | 10.53 |
2MQ0-10 | Phoma sp. | 23 | 8.07 | ||
MQ1125 | Pleosporales sp. | 12 | 4.21 | ||
0-10MQ1217-3 | Cladosporium sphaerospermum | 16 | 5.61 | ||
红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea | MQ-1 | Pleosporales sp. | 6 | 2.11 | |
MQ-4 | Curvularia eragrostidis | 5 | 1.75 | ||
总菌株数 Total strains | 92 | 32.29 | |||
银川 Yichuan | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 8YC | Exophiala cancerae | 8 | 2.81 |
4YC | Phoma sp. | 9 | 3.16 | ||
白刺 Nitraria tangutorum | YC-1 | Alternaria japonica | 8 | 2.81 | |
YC-2-1 | Embellisia sp. | 15 | 5.26 | ||
YC-3 | Phialocephala fluminis | 3 | 1.06 | ||
总菌株数 Total strains | 43 | 15.08 | |||
沙坡头 Shapotou | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 2SPT1218 | Cladosporium cladosporioides | 12 | 4.21 |
3ASPT1218 | Exophiala sp. | 28 | 9.83 | ||
6SPT | Phialophora mustea | 13 | 4.56 | ||
SPT-1125 | Exophiala salmonis | 15 | 5.26 | ||
柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | SPT-1 | Phoma medicaginis | 17 | 5.96 | |
总菌株数 Total strains | 85 | 29.89 | |||
合计 Total | 285 | 100 |
深色有隔内 生真菌种类 Species of dark septate endophyte | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum | 红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea | 白刺 Nitraria tangutorum | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
磴口 Dengkou | 民勤 Minqin | 银川 Yinchuan | 沙坡头 Shapotou | 磴口 Dengkou | 民勤 Minqin | 银川 Yinchuan | 沙坡头 Shapotou | |
Alternaria sp. | - | - | - | - | + | - | + | - |
Embellisia sp. | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - |
Phialocephala sp. | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - |
Pleosporales sp. | - | + | - | - | - | + | - | - |
Podospora sp. | - | - | - | - | + | - | - | - |
Curvularia sp. | - | - | - | - | - | + | - | - |
Phoma sp. | - | + | + | - | - | - | - | + |
Paraphoma sp. | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Exophiala sp. | - | - | + | + | - | - | - | - |
Cladosporium sp. | + | + | - | + | - | - | - | - |
Phialophora sp. | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - |
表5 不同样地沙冬青及其伴生植物深色有隔内生真菌类群比较
Table 5 The comparison between dark septate endophyte in roots of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and that in A. mongolicus’s companion plants from different sampling sites
深色有隔内 生真菌种类 Species of dark septate endophyte | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum | 红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea | 白刺 Nitraria tangutorum | 柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
磴口 Dengkou | 民勤 Minqin | 银川 Yinchuan | 沙坡头 Shapotou | 磴口 Dengkou | 民勤 Minqin | 银川 Yinchuan | 沙坡头 Shapotou | |
Alternaria sp. | - | - | - | - | + | - | + | - |
Embellisia sp. | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - |
Phialocephala sp. | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - |
Pleosporales sp. | - | + | - | - | - | + | - | - |
Podospora sp. | - | - | - | - | + | - | - | - |
Curvularia sp. | - | - | - | - | - | + | - | - |
Phoma sp. | - | + | + | - | - | - | - | + |
Paraphoma sp. | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Exophiala sp. | - | - | + | + | - | - | - | - |
Cladosporium sp. | + | + | - | + | - | - | - | - |
Phialophora sp. | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - |
样地 Sampling sites | 植物 Plant | 多样性指数 Diversity index | 优势度 Dominance | 均匀度 Uniformity |
---|---|---|---|---|
磴口 Dengkou | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 0.161 6b | 0.996 8a | - |
沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum | 0.482 3a | 0.989 1a | 0.439 0 | |
民勤 Minqin | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 0.735 1a | 0.977 5a | 0.530 3a |
红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea | 0.152 2b | 0.999 2a | 0.219 6b | |
银川 Yinchuan | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 0.209 5b | 0.998 2a | 0.302 3a |
白刺 Nitraria tangutorum | 0.303 4a | 0.996 3a | 0.276 2b | |
沙坡头 Shapotou | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 0.657 1a | 0.983 7a | 0.474 0 |
柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | 0.168 1b | 0.996 4a | - |
表6 沙冬青及其伴生植物深色有隔内生真菌物种多样性
Table 6 Species diversity of dark septate endophyte in the roots of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and its companion plants
样地 Sampling sites | 植物 Plant | 多样性指数 Diversity index | 优势度 Dominance | 均匀度 Uniformity |
---|---|---|---|---|
磴口 Dengkou | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 0.161 6b | 0.996 8a | - |
沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum | 0.482 3a | 0.989 1a | 0.439 0 | |
民勤 Minqin | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 0.735 1a | 0.977 5a | 0.530 3a |
红花锦鸡儿 Caragana rosea | 0.152 2b | 0.999 2a | 0.219 6b | |
银川 Yinchuan | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 0.209 5b | 0.998 2a | 0.302 3a |
白刺 Nitraria tangutorum | 0.303 4a | 0.996 3a | 0.276 2b | |
沙坡头 Shapotou | 沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus | 0.657 1a | 0.983 7a | 0.474 0 |
柠条锦鸡儿 Caragana korshinskii | 0.168 1b | 0.996 4a | - |
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