植物生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 491-505.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0268

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

海南长臂猿食源植物的潜在物种丰富度分布格局

钟姣1, 姜超1,*(), 刘世荣2, 龙文兴3, 孙建新1   

  1. 1.北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院, 北京 100083
    2.中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所, 国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室, 北京 100091
    3.海南大学林学院, 海口 570228
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-27 接受日期:2022-11-04 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2022-11-04
  • 通讯作者: *(jiangchao@bjfu.edu.cn)

Spatial distribution patterns in potential species richness of foraging plants for Hainan gibbons

ZHONG Jiao1, JIANG Chao1,*(), LIU Shi-Rong2, LONG Wen-Xing3, SUN Osbert Jianxin1   

  1. 1. School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
    3. College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
  • Received:2022-06-27 Accepted:2022-11-04 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2022-11-04
  • Contact: *(jiangchao@bjfu.edu.cn)

摘要:

海南长臂猿(Nomascus hainanus)是全球最濒危的灵长类动物之一, 是唯一一种中国特有的长臂猿。该研究利用最大熵(MaxEnt)模型, 基于海南长臂猿食源植物的分布数据和影响其分布的环境数据, 模拟了海南长臂猿食源植物在海南岛的潜在分布。结果表明: (1)海拔、坡度和气温年较差是影响海南长臂猿食源植物潜在分布的重要环境因子, 所有类别食源植物的潜在物种丰富度均与海拔和坡度呈正相关关系, 与气温年较差呈负相关关系。(2)在海南岛, 南部的10个县(市)是海南长臂猿食源植物的潜在集中分布区, 海南长臂猿取食的果实类和叶类植物、旱/雨季取食和喜食植物的潜在物种丰富度南高北低, 但取食的花类植物的潜在物种丰富度中间高四周低。(3)海南长臂猿食源植物的潜在丰富度热点区域最多占海南岛面积的25.50%, 但在霸王岭片区, 除爱取食的果实类、喜食的桑科和樟科植物外, 其他类别食源植物的潜在丰富度热点区域面积均占霸王岭片区面积的40.00%以上。该研究提供了不同类别食源植物的潜在集中分布区和潜在丰富度热点区域, 对海南长臂猿的保护和恢复具有一定的指导意义。

关键词: 海南长臂猿, MaxEnt模型, 食源植物, 潜在物种丰富度

Abstract:

Aims Hainan gibbons (Nomascus hainanus) are amongst the most endangered primates in the world and only endemic to China. This study aims to determine the potential species richness patterns of the foraging plants for Hainan gibbons.

Methods Based on the data on actual distribution points of foraging plants for Hainan gibbons and the controlling environmental variables, the potential distribution of those foraging plants in Hainan Island was simulated by using the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model. The foraging plants were classified according to the type of organs used by the Hainan gibbons, the occurrence of foraging in dry season vs in rainy season, and preference of foraging.

Important findings The results show that: (1) Altitude, slope and the annual air temperature range are important environmental factors affecting the potential distribution of the foraging plants, with the potential species richness for all categories of the foraging plants positively correlated with altitude and slope, and negatively with annual air temperature range. (2) In Hainan Island, ten counties and cities in the south are the areas with concentrated occurrence of the foraging plants. The potential species richness for plants foraged for fruits and leaves, plants that are foraged either in dry or rainy seasons, and plants that are used as preferential food sources are all greater in the south than in the north, but the potential species richness for plants foraged for flowers is greater in the middle part of the Island and smaller in the fourth. (3) The hotspots for potential species richness of the foraging plants cover about 25.50% of the Island. In Bawangling, except the plants foraged for fruits, members of families Moraceae and Lauraceae are the preferential food sources for the gibbons, the hotspots for potential species richness of all other categories of foraging plants accounted for more than 40.00% of the area. This study provides information on the potentially concentrated distributions and the potential hotspots of species richness for different categories of foraging plants for Hainan gibbons, which serves to guide the efforts on conservation and recovery of Hainan gibbon populations.

Key words: Hainan gibbon, MaxEnt model, foraging plant, potential species richness