高黎贡山中山湿性常绿阔叶林优势种空间分布格局及其关联性

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2023.0209

植物生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2): 180-191.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0209 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2023.0209

所属专题：生态系统结构与功能

高黎贡山中山湿性常绿阔叶林优势种空间分布格局及其关联性

王丽萍¹, 乌俊杰¹, 柴勇²^,³^,⁴^,^*(), 李家华⁵, 杨昌级⁵, 赵士杰⁵

¹大理大学农学与生物科学学院, 云南大理 671003
²云南省林业和草原科学院, 昆明 650201
³云南省高黎贡山生物多样性重点实验室, 昆明 650201
⁴高黎贡山森林生态系统云南省野外科学观测研究站, 昆明 650201
⁵云南高黎贡山国家级自然保护区保山管护局隆阳分局, 云南保山 678000

收稿日期:2023-07-18 接受日期:2023-11-27 出版日期:2024-02-28 发布日期:2023-12-08
通讯作者: * (chaiyong@yafg.ac.cn)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31901102);国家重点研发计划(2022YFF13024);云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目(202205AC160041)

Spatial patterns and associations of dominant species in a subtropical mid-mountain moist evergreen broadleaf forest in Gaoligong Mountains, Southwest China

WANG Li-Ping¹, WU Jun-Jie¹, CHAI Yong²^,³^,⁴^,^*(), LI Jia-Hua⁵, YANG Chang-Ji⁵, ZHAO Shi-Jie⁵

¹College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, China
²Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming 650201, China
³Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming 650201, China
⁴Gaoligong Mountain Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650201, China
⁵Longyang Branch of Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve, Baoshan Management Bureau, Baoshan, Yunnan 678000, China

Received:2023-07-18 Accepted:2023-11-27 Online:2024-02-28 Published:2023-12-08
Contact: * (chaiyong@yafg.ac.cn)
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901102);National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF13024);Candidates of the Young and Middle-Aged Academic Leaders of Yunnan Province of China(202205AC160041)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

树种的空间格局和关联性能够反映种间关系及其与周围环境的相互作用, 对揭示群落构建和物种共存机制具有重要意义。因此, 为探究高黎贡山南段中山湿性常绿阔叶林树种的空间分布格局, 以高黎贡山4 hm²样地内胸径≥1 cm的所有木本植物为研究对象, 采用点格局分析方法分析重要值前10的优势物种的空间分布及其种间关联性。结果表明: (1) 10个优势种及整个样地的径级结构都呈现倒“J”形, 为增长型, 有利于种群的更新。(2)优势种在小尺度为聚集分布; 随着尺度的增加, 聚集程度降低; 大尺度为随机分布和均匀分布。而去除环境异质性后, 聚集分布的尺度范围缩小, 随机分布和均匀分布的尺度范围增大。(3)在双变量成对相关函数检验模拟下, 10个物种间关联性的完全空间随机模型主要以显著正关联为主, 先决条件模型以无关联为主。研究表明, 高黎贡山的10个优势种的分布格局及其关联性随尺度而变化, 进一步证明物种的空间分布具有较强的尺度依赖性, 并且该森林可能受到扩散限制、负密度制约和生境异质性等影响。

关键词: 高黎贡山, 点格局, 成对相关函数, 空间分布, 种间关联

Abstract:

Aims The spatial distributions and associations of tree species offer valuable insights into interspecies relationships and their interplay with the surrounding environment. These insights are critical for understanding community assembly and species coexistence.

Methods To investigate the spatial distribution patterns of the tree species in the mid-mountain moist evergreen broadleaf forest in the south of Gaoligong Mountains, the spatial distributions and interspecies associations of ten dominant species were analyzed by using the point pattern analyses for all woody plants with diameter at breast height ≥ 1 cm in a 4 hm² plot.

Important findings Our results showed: (1) All ten dominant species and the overall tree population exhibited a J-shaped diameter class distribution, indicating growing populations with successful recruitment. (2) Under the complete spatial randomness with univariate pairwise correlation functions, the small-scale patterns of species distribution were aggregated. This aggregation weakened with increasing scale, resulting in random and uniform distribution at larger scales. After accounting for environmental heterogeneity, the range of aggregation was reduced, while the range of random and uniform distribution expanded. (3) Bivariate pairwise correlation function tests under complete spatial randomness null model demonstrated that interspecies correlations were dominated by significant positive associations, while become no significant association under heterogeneous Poisson null model. In conclusion, the distribution patterns and correlations of ten dominant species in Gaoligong Mountains varied with spatial scale, further emphasizing the strong scale-dependency of species distributions. This suggests that forests in Gaoligong Mountains were influenced by several factors, such as dispersal limitation, negative density dependence, and habitat heterogeneity.

Key words: Gaoligong Mountains, point pattern, pairwise correlation function, spatial distribution, interspecies associations

王丽萍, 乌俊杰, 柴勇, 李家华, 杨昌级, 赵士杰. 高黎贡山中山湿性常绿阔叶林优势种空间分布格局及其关联性. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(2): 180-191. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0209

WANG Li-Ping, WU Jun-Jie, CHAI Yong, LI Jia-Hua, YANG Chang-Ji, ZHAO Shi-Jie. Spatial patterns and associations of dominant species in a subtropical mid-mountain moist evergreen broadleaf forest in Gaoligong Mountains, Southwest China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2024, 48(2): 180-191. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0209

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2023.0209

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2024/V48/I2/180

图/表 7

图1 高黎贡山4 hm2森林动态监测样地地形图。

Fig. 1 Topography map of the 4 hm2 forest dynamics plot of Gaoligong Mountains.

表1 高黎贡山样地重要值前10的物种

Table 1 Top ten dominant tree species with importance values in the plot of Gaoligong Mountains

物种名 Species name	多度 Abundance	频度 Frequency	相对多度 Relative abundance (%)	相对频度 Relative frequency (%)	相对显著度 Relative dominance (%)	重要值 Important value (%)
多花山矾 Symplocos ramosissima	837	82	7.937	2.936	1.563	4.145
肖樱叶柃 Eurya pseudocerasifera	454	82	4.305	2.936	4.599	3.947
长果大头茶 Polyspora longicarpa	181	48	1.716	1.719	7.640	3.692
龙陵新木姜子 Neolitsea lunglingensis	518	84	4.912	3.008	2.669	3.529
硬壳柯 Lithocarpus hancei	474	80	4.495	2.864	2.991	3.450
薄片青冈 Quercus lamellosa	213	76	2.020	2.721	5.517	3.419
毛柄槭 Acer pubipetiolatum	453	72	4.295	2.578	3.356	3.410
尖叶桂樱 Prunus undulata	337	89	3.196	3.187	3.827	3.403
多沟杜英 Elaeocarpus lacunosus	192	70	1.821	2.506	5.295	3.207
星毛鸭脚木 Heptapleurum minutistellatum	277	73	2.627	2.614	4.089	3.110
合计 Total	3 939	756	37.324	27.069	41.546	35.312

图2 高黎贡山样地重要值前4的优势种及样地全部物种的径级分布。

Fig. 2 Diameter class distribution of the top four dominant species with important values and the species of whole plot in Gaoligong Mountains. DBH, diameter at breast height.

图3 高黎贡山样地重要值前4的优势种空间分布。

Fig. 3 Spatial distribution of the top four dominant species with important values in Gaoligong Mountains.

图4 高黎贡山样地重要值前4的优势种在完全空间随机(CSR)和异质泊松(HP)零模型下的空间分布。实线表示成对相关函数g(r)的函数值, 虚线表示成对相关函数g(r)的期望值; 灰色阴影部分表示99%的置信区间。

Fig. 4 Spatial distribution of the top four dominant species with important values under the null model of complete spatial randomness (CSR) and heterogeneous Poisson (HP) in Gaoligong Mountains. Solid lines are the function value of the bivariate pair-correlation g(r) function, dotted lines are the theoretical value of the g(r) function; the gray shaded parts are 99% confidence interval.

图5 高黎贡山样地重要值前4的优势种在完全零模型(CSR)下的种间关联性。实线表示成对相关函数g12(r)的函数值, 虚线表示成对相关函数g12(r)的期望值; 灰色阴影部分表示99%的置信区间。

Fig. 5 Spatial association among the top four dominant species with important values under the null model of complete spatial randomness (CSR) in Gaoligong Mountains. Solid lines are the function value of the bivariate pair-correlation g12(r) function, dotted lines are the theoretical value of the g12(r) function; the gray shaded parts are 99% confidence interval. Ep, Eurya pseudocerasifera; Nl, Neolitsea lunglingensis; Pl, Polyspora longicarpa; Sr, Symplocos ramosissima.

图6 高黎贡山样地重要值前4的优势种在先决条件零模型(AC)下的种间关联性。实线表示成对相关函数g12(r)的函数值, 虚线表示成对相关函数g12(r)的期望值; 灰色阴影部分表示99%的置信区间。

Fig. 6 Spatial association among the top four dominant species with important values under the null model of antecedent condition (AC) in Gaoligong Mountains. Solid lines are the function value of the bivariate pair-correlation g12(r) function, dotted lines are the theoretical value of the g12(r) function; the gray shaded parts are 99% confidence interval. Ep, Eurya pseudocerasifera; Nl, Neolitsea lunglingensis; Pl, Polyspora longicarpa; Sr, Symplocos ramosissima.

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高黎贡山中山湿性常绿阔叶林优势种空间分布格局及其关联性

Spatial patterns and associations of dominant species in a subtropical mid-mountain moist evergreen broadleaf forest in Gaoligong Mountains, Southwest China

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