祁连山排露沟流域青海云杉种群种内竞争与促进作用分析

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0086

植物生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (9): 1027-1037.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0086

祁连山排露沟流域青海云杉种群种内竞争与促进作用分析

赵长兴¹^,², 赵维俊³, 张兴林⁴, 刘思敏⁵, 牟文博¹^,⁶, 刘金荣¹^,²^,^*()

¹兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室, 兰州 730020
²兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 草地农业教育部工程研究中心, 甘肃省西部草业技术创新中心, 兰州 730020
³甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院, 甘肃张掖 734099
⁴甘肃省生态环境科学设计研究院, 兰州 730030
⁵国家林业和草原局, 北京 100714
⁶兰州大学生态学院, 兰州 730000

收稿日期:2022-03-07 接受日期:2022-05-13 出版日期:2022-09-20 发布日期:2022-10-19
通讯作者: 刘金荣
作者简介:* (liujinr@lzu.edu.cn)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32060247)

Analyses of intraspecific competition and facilitation of Picea crassifolia in Pailugou Watershed of Qilian Mountains, China

ZHAO Chang-Xing¹^,², ZHAO Wei-Jun³, ZHANG Xing-Lin⁴, LIU Si-Min⁵, MOU Wen-Bo¹^,⁶, LIU Jin-Rong¹^,²^,^*()

¹State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020
²College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Western China Grassland Industry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
³Academy of Water Resources Conservation Forests in Qilian Mountains of Gansu Province, Zhangye, Gansu 734099, China
⁴Gansu Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences, Lanzhou 730030, China
⁵National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100714, China
⁶College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2022-03-07 Accepted:2022-05-13 Online:2022-09-20 Published:2022-10-19
Contact: LIU Jin-Rong
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060247)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探索种群的空间分布格局及其相互作用有助于阐释种群结构构建过程和空间分布维持机制中的潜在驱动因素, 进而为森林生态系统内不同种群的配置、经营与管理提供指导, 也为当地生态环境保护和区域资源开发提供科学依据。该研究以青海云杉(Picea crassifolia)为研究对象, 在祁连山排露沟流域设置3个面积为1 hm²的重复样地, 对样地内所有胸径≥1 cm的树木个体进行测量记录。采用成对相关函数(单变量成对相关函数g(r)和双变量成对相关函数g₁₂(r))和标记相关函数(标记相关函数K_mm(r)、标记变异函数γ_m(r)和Schlather’s I_m(r)函数)等点格局分析方法分析青海云杉种群的空间格局及种内相互作用。发现: (1)青海云杉种群径级分布连续, 整体呈倒“J”形结构。(2)青海云杉整体及幼树、小树呈现出小尺度上的聚集分布, 随空间尺度的增大逐渐趋于随机分布, 中树在整个观察尺度内均为随机分布模式, 大树则表现为小尺度上的均匀分布和大尺度上的随机分布。(3)青海云杉大树在小尺度范围内与其他径级个体均呈现出负关联, 在中尺度上呈现出正关联, 中树与小树、小树与幼树在小中尺度上表现为显著的正相关关系且随着空间尺度的增大逐渐转变为不相关。(4)青海云杉个体属性(胸径、树高、树冠面积)间在小中尺度上呈现出高度的相关性、强烈的抑制作用和显著的对称性竞争。

关键词: 青海云杉, 空间格局, 种内相互作用, 竞争, 促进, 点格局分析

Abstract:

Aims Exploring the spatial distribution patterns and interactions of populations can help elucidate the underlying driving factors in population structure construction and the maintenance mechanism of spatial distribution. It guides the allocation, and management of different populations in the forest ecosystems, and also provides a scientific basis for local ecological environment protection and regional resource development.

Methods In this study, Picea crassifolia was selected as the research object. Three repeated plots with an area of 1 hm² were set up in the Pailugou Watershed of the Qilian Mountains, and all individual trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥1 cm were measured and recorded. The spatial patterns and intraspecific interactions of Picea crassifolia were analyzed by using a pair-correlation function (univariate and bivariate pair-correlation function) and mark correlation function (marked correlation function, marked variogram function, and Schlather’s I(r) function).

Important findings (1) The diameter class distribution of P. crassifolia population was continuous, with an inverted “J” type structure. (2) Picea crassifolia as a whole, saplings, and young trees showed a small-scale aggregation distribution, and gradually tended to random distribution with the increase of spatial scale. Medium trees showed a random distribution pattern on the whole observation scale, while large trees showed a regular distribution on the small scale and random distribution on the large scale. (3) Large trees of P. crassifolia showed small-scale negative correlations with other size class individuals and middle-scale positive correlations. There were strong positive correlations between medium and young trees, and between sapling and young trees at a small to medium scale, and they gradually changed to no correlation with the increase of spatial scale. (4) Individual characteristics of P. crassifolia showed high correlations, strong inhibitions, and significant symmetry competitions on a small to medium scale.

Key words: Picea crassifolia, spatial pattern, intraspecific interaction, competition, facilitation, point pattern analysis

赵长兴, 赵维俊, 张兴林, 刘思敏, 牟文博, 刘金荣. 祁连山排露沟流域青海云杉种群种内竞争与促进作用分析. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(9): 1027-1037. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0086

ZHAO Chang-Xing, ZHAO Wei-Jun, ZHANG Xing-Lin, LIU Si-Min, MOU Wen-Bo, LIU Jin-Rong. Analyses of intraspecific competition and facilitation of Picea crassifolia in Pailugou Watershed of Qilian Mountains, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(9): 1027-1037. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0086

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0086

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2022/V46/I9/1027

图/表 5

表1 祁连山排露沟流域内样地基本信息

Table 1 Information of sample plots in Pailugou Watershed of Qilian Mountains, China

样地 Plot	经度 Longitude (° E)	纬度 Latitude (° N)	海拔 Altitude (m)	坡度 Slope (°)	坡向 Exposure	密度 Density (No.·hm^-2)
1	100.29	38.55	2 793	13.5	东北 Northeast	1 586
2	100.30	38.54	2 810	25.0	北 North	1 901
3	100.29	38.55	2 836	28.0	北 North	2 607

图1 祁连山排露沟流域内青海云杉种群的径级结构。

Fig. 1 Diameter class structure of Picea crassifolia in Pailugou Watershed of Qilian Mountains, China.

图2 祁连山排露沟流域内不同径级青海云杉的空间分布格局。g(r), 单变量成对相关函数。

Fig. 2 Spatial distribution patterns of different diameter classes of Picea crassifolia in Pailugou Watershed of Qilian Mountains, China. g(r), the univariate pair-correlation function.

图3 祁连山排露沟流域内不同径级青海云杉个体间的空间关联性。g12(r), 双变量成对相关函数。

Fig. 3 Spatial correlations of different diameter classes of Picea crassifolia in Pailugou Watershed of Qilian Mountains, China. g12(r), the bivariate pair-correlation function.

图4 祁连山排露沟流域内青海云杉种群不同个体属性间的标记相关函数分析。Im(r), Schlather’s Im(r)函数; Kmm(r), 标记相关函数; γm(r), 标记变异函数。

Fig. 4 Mark correlation function analysis between individual characteristics of Picea crassifolia in Pailugou Watershed of Qilian Mountains, China. Im(r), Schlather’s Im(r) function; Kmm(r), marked correlation function; γm(r), marked variogram function.

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祁连山排露沟流域青海云杉种群种内竞争与促进作用分析

Analyses of intraspecific competition and facilitation of Picea crassifolia in Pailugou Watershed of Qilian Mountains, China

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