祁连山大野口流域青海云杉种群空间格局及其关联性

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2020.0177

植物生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (11): 1172-1183.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0177

祁连山大野口流域青海云杉种群空间格局及其关联性

拓锋¹^,², 刘贤德¹^,²^,^*(), 刘润红³, 赵维俊², 敬文茂², 马剑², 武秀荣², 赵晶忠², 马雪娥²

¹甘肃农业大学林学院, 兰州 730070
²甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院(甘肃祁连山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 甘肃祁连山森林生态监测与评估国际科技合作基地, 甘肃省森林生态与冻土水文水资源重点实验室, 甘肃省祁连山森林生态系统野外科学观测研究站), 甘肃张掖 734000
³兰州大学生命科学学院, 兰州 730000

收稿日期:2020-06-01 接受日期:2020-06-01 出版日期:2020-11-20 发布日期:2020-10-16
通讯作者: 刘贤德
作者简介:*liuxiande666@163.com
基金资助:
甘肃省自然科学基金(18JR4RA002)

Spatial distribution patterns and association of Picea crassifolia population in Dayekou Basin of Qilian Mountains, northwestern China

TA Feng¹^,², LIU Xian-De¹^,²^,^*(), LIU Run-Hong³, ZHAO Wei-Jun², JING Wen-Mao², MA Jian², WU Xiu-Rong², ZHAO Jing-Zhong², MA Xue-E²

¹College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
²Gansu Province Qilian Water Resource Conservation Forest Research Institute (Gansu Qilian Mountain Forest Eco-system of the State Research Station, Gansu Qilian Mountain Forest Ecological Monitoring and Evaluation International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Key Laboratory of Hydrology and Water Resources of Forest Ecology and Frozen Soil of Gansu Province, Gansu Qilian Mountain Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station), Zhangye, Gansu 734000, China
³School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2020-06-01 Accepted:2020-06-01 Online:2020-11-20 Published:2020-10-16
Contact: LIU Xian-De
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(18JR4RA002)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究青海云杉(Picea crassifolia)种群不同发育阶段的空间分布格局及其关联性, 能揭示其种群的发展规律, 推断其潜在的生态学过程或影响机制, 进而为该种群的配置、种植和森林的经营与管理等提供指导。该研究基于祁连山大野口流域10.2 hm²青海云杉动态监测样地调查资料, 分析了青海云杉群落的物种组成和径级结构, 并采用点格局方法, 通过单变量成对相关函数和双变量成对相关函数对不同年龄阶段青海云杉种群的空间分布格局及其空间关联性进行分析。结果表明: (1)青海云杉种群的径级结构呈倒“J”型分布, 属增长型种群, 种群自然更新状况良好。(2)青海云杉种群4个径级的个体在小尺度上呈聚集分布, 但随着空间尺度的增大, 聚集强度逐渐减弱, 趋向随机分布; 较小径级的个体常呈聚集分布, 而随着径级增大, 也趋向于随机分布。(3)青海云杉大树个体在小尺度(<4 m)范围内与其他径级个体都呈负关联, 随着尺度的增加, 大树与幼树表现出正关联且关联性随尺度的增加而减弱, 而与小树、中树则表现为无关联或者微弱的负关联; 径级相近的个体空间关联性为正关联或无关联, 随着个体径级间差距增大, 空间关联性转变为无关联或负关联。研究表明, 祁连山大野口流域青海云杉种群的分布格局及其关联性随空间尺度和发育阶段而变化, 这是由种群自身的生物生态学特性、种内种间关系以及环境条件共同作用的结果。

关键词: 祁连山, 青海云杉种群, 成对相关函数, 径级结构, 空间分布格局, 空间关联

Abstract:

Aims Exploring the spatial distribution pattern and the association among different developmental stages of Picea crassifolia populations can reveal the succession patterns of the populations, infer their potential ecological mechanisms, and thus provide guidance for the configuration, planting, forest management and management of the populations.
Methods Based on the survey data of a P. crassifolia dynamic monitoring plot (10.2 hm²) in Dayekou basin, Qilian Mountains, China. The species composition and diameter structure of the community were analyzed, and the point pattern method was used to analyze the spatial distribution pattern and spatial correlation of P. crassifolia populations at different age stages through univariate pairwise correlation functions and bivariate pairwise correlation functions.
Important findings The results showed that: (1) The diameter class structure of P. crassifolia population was an inverted “J” shape, indicating that the population was a growing population and the population was in good natural renewal status. (2) The individuals of four diameter classes in the P. crassifolia population were aggregated at a small scale, but as the spatial scale increased, the aggregation intensity gradually weakened and tended to be randomly distributed. Moreover, individuals of smaller diameter classes used to be aggregated, but as the diameter increased, they also tended to be randomly distributed. (3) The big trees in the P. crassifolia population were negatively correlated with other diameter classes at a small scale (<4 m). As the scale increased, the big trees and young trees showed a positive association and the correlation decreased with increasing scale. However, as the scale increased, big trees showed no or weakly negative correlation with small and medium trees. In addition, the spatial association of individuals with similar diameter classes showed positive or no association. As the difference between individual diameter classes increased, their spatial association changed to no or negative association. In conclusion, the spatial distribution patterns and association of P. crassifolia population in Dayekou Basin of Qilian Mountains varied with the spatial scale and developmental stage, which was the result of the combined effects of the population’s bioecological characteristics, intraspecific and interspecific relationships, and environmental conditions.

Key words: Qilian Mountains, Picea crassifolia population, pairwise correlation function, diameter structure, spatial distribution patterns, spatial association

拓锋, 刘贤德, 刘润红, 赵维俊, 敬文茂, 马剑, 武秀荣, 赵晶忠, 马雪娥. 祁连山大野口流域青海云杉种群空间格局及其关联性. 植物生态学报, 2020, 44(11): 1172-1183. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0177

TA Feng, LIU Xian-De, LIU Run-Hong, ZHAO Wei-Jun, JING Wen-Mao, MA Jian, WU Xiu-Rong, ZHAO Jing-Zhong, MA Xue-E. Spatial distribution patterns and association of Picea crassifolia population in Dayekou Basin of Qilian Mountains, northwestern China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2020, 44(11): 1172-1183. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0177

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2020.0177

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2020/V44/I11/1172

图/表 4

图1 祁连山大野口流域10.2 hm2森林动态监测样地青海云杉种群不同径级个体的空间分布图。I, 径级I (幼树); II, 径级II (小树); III, 径级III (中树); IV, 径级IV (大树)。

Fig. 1 Spatial distribution of Picea crassifolia individuals with different diameter at breast height (DBH) in the forest dynamics plot of 10.2 hm2 in Dayekou Basin of Qilian Mountains, northwestern China. I, diameter class I (saplings); II, diameter class II (small trees); III, diameter class III (medium trees); IV, diameter class IV (big trees).

图2 祁连山大野口流域10.2 hm2森林动态监测样地内各物种的径级结构。按胸径划分个体大小。I, 1-5 cm; II, 5-12.5 cm; III, 12.5-22.5 cm; IV, ≥22.5 cm。

Fig. 2 Size structure of all individuals in the forest dynamics plot of 10.2 hm2 in Dayekou Basin of Qilian Mountains, northwestern China. The size of individuals was estimated by their diameter at breast height (DBH). I, 1-5 cm; II, 5-12.5 cm; III, 12.5-22.5 cm; IV, ≥22.5 cm.

图3 祁连山大野口流域10.2 hm2森林动态监测样地内青海云杉种群不同径级个体间的空间格局。A, 径级I (幼树)。B, 径级II (小树)。C, 径级III (中树)。D, 径级IV (大树)。r, 以目标树为圆点的取样圆半径; ?gobs(r), 单变量成对相关函数g(r)的函数值; gtheo(r), g(r)函数的期望值; 灰色阴影部分为99%的置信区间。

Fig. 3 Spatial distribution pattern of Picea crassifolia individuals with different diameter at breast height (DBH) in the forest dynamics plot in Dayekou Basin of Qilian Mountains, northwestern China. A, DBH class I (saplings). B, DBH class II (small trees). C, DBH class III (medium trees). D, DBH class IV (big trees). r, the radius of the sampling circle with the target tree as the centroid; ?gobs(r), the function value of the pair-correlation function (g(r)); gtheo(r), the expected value of the g(r) function; the gray shaded part is the 99% confidence interval.

图4 祁连山大野口流域10.2 hm2森林动态监测样地内青海云杉种群不同径级个体间的空间关联性。A, 幼树与小树。B, 幼树与中树。C, 幼树与大树。D, 小树与中树。E, 小树与大树。F, 中树与大树。r, 以目标树为圆点的取样圆半径; ?gobs(r), 双变量成对相关函数g12(r)的函数值; gtheo(r), g12(r)函数的期望值; 灰色阴影部分为99%的置信区间; 1-4表示4个径级。

Fig. 4 Spatial association of Picea crassifolia individuals with different diameter at breast height in the forest dynamics plot in Dayekou Basin of Qilian Mountains, northwestern China. A, Saplings and small trees. B, Saplings and medium trees. C, Saplings and big trees. D, Small trees and medium trees. E, Small trees and big trees. F, Medium trees and big trees. r, the radius of the sampling circle with the target tree as the dot; ?gobs(r), the function value of the bivariate pair-correlation function (g12(r)); gtheo(r), the theoretical value of the g12(r) function; the gray shaded part is the 99% confidence interval; 1-4 indicate four different diameter classes.

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祁连山大野口流域青海云杉种群空间格局及其关联性

Spatial distribution patterns and association of Picea crassifolia population in Dayekou Basin of Qilian Mountains, northwestern China

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