干旱半干旱地区灌区玉米农田土壤植物大气连续体系统氢氧稳定同位素特征及其影响因素

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0037

植物生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2): 256-267.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0037 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2024.0037

干旱半干旱地区灌区玉米农田土壤植物大气连续体系统氢氧稳定同位素特征及其影响因素

赵梦扬¹, 庄淏然¹, 许德浩¹, 马国荣¹, 马永成¹, 冯克鹏¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,^*()

¹宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院, 银川 750021
²旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心, 银川 750021
³宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心, 银川 750021
⁴宁夏黄河水联网数字治水重点实验室, 银川 750021

收稿日期:2024-02-04 接受日期:2024-05-22 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-02-20
通讯作者: ^*冯克鹏: (E-mail: fengkp@nxu.edu.cn)
基金资助:
宁夏自然科学基金(2021AAC02007);宁夏自然科学基金(2022AAC02007);国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1900600);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设项目(NXYLXK2021A03)

Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope characteristics of maize fields in arid and semi-arid oasis irrigation areas with SPAC system: variability traits and influencing factors

ZHAO Meng-Yang¹, ZHUANG Hao-Ran¹, XU De-Hao¹, MA Guo-Rong¹, MA Yong-Cheng¹, FENG Ke-Peng¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,^*()

¹School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
²Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Areas, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750021, China
³Ningxia Engineering Research Center for Water-saving Irrigation and Water Resources Control, Yinchuan 750021, China
⁴Key Laboratory of the Internet of Water and Digital Water Governance of the Yellow River in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China

Received:2024-02-04 Accepted:2024-05-22 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-02-20
Supported by:
Ningxia Natural Science Foundation(2021AAC02007);Ningxia Natural Science Foundation(2022AAC02007);National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD1900600);Ningxia Higher Education Institutions First-Class Discipline Construction Project(NXYLXK2021A03)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究干旱半干旱地区灌区玉米(Zea mays)农田土壤植物大气连续体(SPAC)系统各组分氢氧稳定同位素(D、¹⁸O)的变化特征及其影响因素, 该研究以宁夏青铜峡灌区作为研究区, 通过采集玉米生育期内土壤水、植株水、大气水、灌溉水及大气降水样本, 分析其D和¹⁸O组成, 运用灌溉水线、土壤水线、玉米根茎部水线以及当地大气降水线, 结合相关分析、Craig-Gordon模型以及同位素分离蒸散组分方法, 研究了农田、土壤、大气水分的同位素变化特征及其与环境因素的关系。结果表明: (1)大气降水、灌溉和蒸发作用可以直接影响土壤水氢氧稳定同位素比值(δD、δ¹⁸O); 地表风速是影响土壤水δD、δ¹⁸O的主要环境因素。(2)玉米根部和茎部水分来源一致, 玉米根部在吸水过程中相对于0-100 cm混合土壤水发生同位素富集, 水分在由玉米根部向茎部运输的过程中氢氧稳定同位素出现贫化。(3)玉米农田生态系统大气2 m处δ¹⁸O在整个研究时期内大于大气10 m处, 表现出分层现象, 大气水δD相对于δ¹⁸O对环境因素的变化更为敏感, 10 m处大气水同位素比值更容易受到环境因素的影响。

关键词: 氢稳定同位素, 氧稳定同位素, Craig-Gordon模型, 蒸散组分分离, 大气降水线

Abstract:

Aims To examine stable isotope (D, ¹⁸O) variations in different water pools along the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) in irrigated maize (Zea mays) farmland of arid and semi-arid oasis regions and the influencing factors.

Methods The isotopic compositions of water sampled from the above-referred SPAC system were analyzed to partition those related to evapotranspiration using local meteoric water line, correlation analysis, the Craig-Gordon model, and isotopic mass balance.

Important findings (1) The isotopic composition of soil water was directly influenced by atmospheric precipitation, irrigation, and evapotranspiration. Surface wind speed had a significant effect on the isotopic values of soil water. (2) Water transported from maize roots to stems underwent stable isotope depletion. Maize roots and stems shared a common water source, with the former exhibiting isotopic enrichment relative to the mixed soil water within the 0-100 cm depth profile. (3) Atmospheric water oxygen stable isotope ratio (δ¹⁸O) showed vertical stratification, with its value at 2 m height being consistently higher than that at the 10 m height throughout the study, and the environmental sensitivity of hydrogen stable isotope ratio (δD) at 10 m being greater than that of δ¹⁸O.

Key words: stable hydrogen isotope, stable oxygen isotope, Craig-Gordon model, evapotranspiration component separation, atmospheric precipitation line

赵梦扬, 庄淏然, 许德浩, 马国荣, 马永成, 冯克鹏. 干旱半干旱地区灌区玉米农田土壤植物大气连续体系统氢氧稳定同位素特征及其影响因素. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(2): 256-267. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0037

ZHAO Meng-Yang, ZHUANG Hao-Ran, XU De-Hao, MA Guo-Rong, MA Yong-Cheng, FENG Ke-Peng. Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope characteristics of maize fields in arid and semi-arid oasis irrigation areas with SPAC system: variability traits and influencing factors. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 49(2): 256-267. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0037

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0037

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I2/256

图/表 9

图1 青铜峡灌区玉米农田大气降水线(LMWL)、灌溉水线(IWL) (A)和0-100 cm土壤水线(SWL) (B)。δD, 氢稳定同位素比值; δ18D, 氧稳定同位素比值。

Fig. 1 Local atmospheric precipitation line (LMWL), irrigation water line (IWL) (A) and a 0-100 cm soil water line (SWL) (B) of maize farmland in the Qingtongxia irrigation area. δD, hydrogen stable isotope ratio; δ18D, oxygen stable isotope ratio.

图2 表层土壤(0-10 cm)水的水线氘差(lc-excess)随时间变化。

Fig. 2 Line-conditioned excess (lc-excess) of topsoil (0-10 cm) water changes over time.

图3 土壤水氧稳定同位素比值(δ18O) (A)和水线氘差(lc-excess) (B)的时间变化。

Fig. 3 Soil water oxygen stable isotope ratio (δ18O) (A) and line-conditioned excess (lc-excess) (B) vary over time.

图4 玉米根部、茎部水与0-100 cm土壤水氢稳定同位素比值(δD)、氧稳定同位素比值(δ18O)时间变化和玉米根部水线(RWL)、玉米茎部水线(MSWL)、0-100 cm土壤水线(SWL)。

Fig. 4 Changes in hydrogen stable isotope ratio (δD), oxygen stable isotope ratio (δ18O) and waterline of maize root water (RWL), stem water (MSWL) and 0-100 cm soil water (SWL).

图5 2和10 m处的大气水氢稳定同位素比值(δD)、氧稳定同位素比值(δ18O)及0-10 cm土壤水δD的时间变化。

Fig. 5 Variations of hydrogen stable isotope ratio (δD), oxygen stable isotope ratio (δ18O) at 2 and 10 m above the ground in the atmosphere and δD in 0-10 cm soil water over time.

图6 玉米生育期内土壤植物大气连续体(SPAC)系统氧稳定同位素比值(δ18O)均值。

Fig. 6 Mean oxygen stable isotope ratio (δ18O) in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) system during the maize growth period.

图7 月累计降水量与不同深度土壤稳定同位素比值相关性。δD, 氢稳定同位素比值; δ18O, 氧稳定同位素比值。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01。

Fig. 7 Monthly cumulative precipitation and correlations of stable isotope ratio in different soil depths. δD, hydrogen stable isotope ratio; δ18O, oxygen stable isotope ratio. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.

图8 1 m处饱和水汽压差(VPD1 m)、空气温度(Ta1 m)、风速(WS1 m)、相对湿度(RH1 m)、5 cm处土壤热通量(SHF5 cm)和不同深度土壤水氢稳定同位素比值(δD)、氧稳定同位素比值(δ18O)的相关关系。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01。

Fig. 8 Correlations between vapor pressure deficit (VPD1 m), atmospheric temperature (Ta1 m), relative humidity (RH1 m), wind speed (WS1 m) at 1 m and soil heat flux at 5 cm above the ground (SHF5 cm) and soil water hydrogen stable isotope ratio (δD), oxygen stable isotope ratio (δ18O) in different soil depths. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.

图9 大气水氢稳定同位素比值(δD)、氧稳定同位素比值(δ18O)与2 m和10 m处风速(WS)、相对湿度(RH)、气温(Ta)、饱和水汽压差(VPD)的相关系数。Δ, 差值。*, p < 0.05。

Fig. 9 Correlation coefficients between the hydrogen stable isotope ratio (δD), oxygen stable isotope ratio (δ18O) of atmospheric water and wind speed (WS), relative humidity (RH), atmospheric temperature (Ta), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) at 2 m and 10 m. Δ, difference. *, p < 0.05.

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干旱半干旱地区灌区玉米农田土壤植物大气连续体系统氢氧稳定同位素特征及其影响因素

Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope characteristics of maize fields in arid and semi-arid oasis irrigation areas with SPAC system: variability traits and influencing factors

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