哀牢山湿性常绿阔叶林木质藤本植物地上部分 生物量及其对人为干扰的响应

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.05.003

植物生态学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 852-859.DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.05.003

哀牢山湿性常绿阔叶林木质藤本植物地上部分生物量及其对人为干扰的响应

袁春明¹^,²^,⁴, 刘文耀¹^,³^,^*(), 李小双¹, 杨国平¹

1 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园热带森林生态学重点实验室,云南勐腊 666303
2 中国科学院研究生院,北京 100049
3 Curtin University of Technology, Perth WA 6845, Australia
4 云南省林业科学院,昆明 650204

收稿日期:2008-12-30 修回日期:2009-05-15 出版日期:2009-12-30 发布日期:2009-09-30
通讯作者: 刘文耀
作者简介:*(liuwy@xtbg.ac.cn)
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-YW-N-066-03);国家自然科学基金(30470305);中国科学院“百人计划”项目

ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS OF LIANAS AND ITS RESPONSE TO ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCES IN MOIST EVERGREEN BROAD-LEAVED FORESTS IN THE AILAO MOUNTAINS OF SOUTHWESTERN CHINA

YUAN Chun-Ming¹^,²^,⁴, LIU Wen-Yao¹^,³^,^*(), LI Xiao-Shuang¹, YANG Guo-Ping¹

¹Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
²Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
³Curtin University of Technology, Perth WA 6845, Australia
⁴Yunnan Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650204, China

Received:2008-12-30 Revised:2009-05-15 Online:2009-12-30 Published:2009-09-30
Contact: LIU Wen-Yao

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

木质藤本植物是森林, 尤其是热带和亚热带森林中的重要组分。由于野外调查的困难, 对其生态学的研究相对较少。对哀牢山原生山地湿性常绿阔叶林和4类次生林中的藤本植物进行了调查, 利用48株藤本植物样木实测数据, 采用样本回归分析法, 选取藤本植物的不同参数作为自变量, 分别对冠层和林下两类藤本混合种生物量模型进行了拟合比较, 结合样地内长度≥50 cm的所有藤本植物的调查资料估算了各森林群落藤本植物地上部分生物量, 探讨了原生林中藤本植物地上部分生物量的组成与分布特征, 以及人为干扰对藤本植物地上部分生物量的影响。结果表明: 1)以藤本基径为自变量建立幂函数回归模型, 其相关系数较高, 具有较高的实用价值; 2)该区山地湿性常绿阔叶林中藤本植物地上部分生物量为9.82×10³ kg·hm^-2, 其中冠层藤本(基径≥1.0 cm, 长度≥5.0 m)生物量占藤本植物总生物量的99.70%, 林下藤本(基径＜1.0 cm, 长度＜5.0 m)的地上部分生物量很低; 3)人为干扰后林下藤本植物的生物量相对增加, 而冠层藤本植物的地上部分生物量显著减少; 经过约100年恢复演替的老龄栎类萌生林藤本植物地上部分生物量才达到接近原生林的水平。

关键词: 藤本植物, 生物量回归模型, 地上部分生物量, 山地湿性常绿阔叶林, 人为干扰

Abstract:

Aims Lianas (woody vines) are important floristic and ecological elements in forests throughout the world, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. However, ecological studies on lianas are relatively scarce because field research is difficult. Our objectives were to develop liana biomass regression models, examine liana biomass composition and distribution in a natural moist evergreen broad-leaved forest, and assess the effects of anthropogenic disturbances on the biomass of lianas.
Methods We compared power functional models for biomass of canopy lianas (length ≥5.0 m) and understory lianas (length ＜5.0 m) based on 48 samples of lianas, using variables of basal diameter, length, and squared basal diameter × length. In the Ailao Mountains of southwestern China, we established three 20 × 20 m sample plots in each of a natural undisturbed moist evergreen broad-leaved primary forest and four secondary forests: old (100 a) and younger (50 a) secondary Lithocarpus forests, a Populus bonatii secondary forest and an Alnus nepalensis secondary forest. In each plot, we enumerated all liana stems ≥0.5 m in length (from the roots) and measured their basal diameters (30 cm along the stem from roots).
Important findings The regression model developed by liana basal diameters had the highest correlation coefficients and is preferred for practical use because measurement of liana basal diameter is easy and accurate. The total aboveground biomass of lianas in the natural moist evergreen broad-leaved forest was 9.82×10³ kg·hm^-2, 99.70% of which was canopy lianas. Anthropogenic disturbances result in the decrease of liana biomass. The biomass of understory lianas was relatively greater in younger secondary forests, but the biomass of lianas (especially large canopy lianas) was significantly lower. The aboveground biomass of lianas in the old secondary Lithocarpus forest was 91.03% of that of the natural moist evergreen broad-leaved forest, after about 100 years of restoration succession.

Key words: Lianas, biomass regression models, aboveground biomass, moist evergreen broad-leaved forest, anthropogenic disturbances

袁春明, 刘文耀, 李小双, 杨国平. 哀牢山湿性常绿阔叶林木质藤本植物地上部分生物量及其对人为干扰的响应. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(5): 852-859. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.05.003

YUAN Chun-Ming, LIU Wen-Yao, LI Xiao-Shuang, YANG Guo-Ping. ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS OF LIANAS AND ITS RESPONSE TO ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCES IN MOIST EVERGREEN BROAD-LEAVED FORESTS IN THE AILAO MOUNTAINS OF SOUTHWESTERN CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(5): 852-859. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.05.003

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.05.003

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2009/V33/I5/852

图/表 6

参考文献 31

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项目 Items		回归模型 Regression models	标准误 SE	相关系数 Correlation coefficients	p	样本数 Sample number
冠层藤本 Canopy lianas	茎 Stem	Ln (W) = -2.041 + 2.723 Ln (D)	0.469	0.9597	＜ 0.001	18
	枝 Branch	Ln (W) = -2.888 + 2.891 Ln (D)	0.401	0.9735	＜ 0.001	18
	叶 Leaf	Ln (W) = -3.474 + 2.363 Ln (D)	0.479	0.9450	＜ 0.001	18
	全株 All	Ln (W) = -1.423 + 2.155 Ln (D)	0.358	0.9767	＜ 0.001	18
林下藤本 Understory lianas	茎 Stem	Ln (W) = -1.604 + 2.292 Ln (D)	0.812	0.7210	＜ 0.001	30
	叶 Leaf	Ln (W) = -3.713 + 1.518 Ln (D)	1.007	0.4245	＜ 0.001	30
	全株 All	Ln (W) = -1.423 + 2.155 Ln (D)	0.735	0.7364	＜ 0.001	30

项目 Items		回归模型 Regression models	标准误 SE	相关系数 Correlation coefficients	p	样本数 Sample number
冠层藤本 Canopy lianas	茎 Stem	Ln (W) = -2.041 + 2.723 Ln (D)	0.469	0.9597	＜ 0.001	18
	枝 Branch	Ln (W) = -2.888 + 2.891 Ln (D)	0.401	0.9735	＜ 0.001	18
	叶 Leaf	Ln (W) = -3.474 + 2.363 Ln (D)	0.479	0.9450	＜ 0.001	18
	全株 All	Ln (W) = -1.423 + 2.155 Ln (D)	0.358	0.9767	＜ 0.001	18
林下藤本 Understory lianas	茎 Stem	Ln (W) = -1.604 + 2.292 Ln (D)	0.812	0.7210	＜ 0.001	30
	叶 Leaf	Ln (W) = -3.713 + 1.518 Ln (D)	1.007	0.4245	＜ 0.001	30
	全株 All	Ln (W) = -1.423 + 2.155 Ln (D)	0.735	0.7364	＜ 0.001	30

项目 Items	冠层藤本 Canopy lianas	林下藤本 Understory lianas	合计 Total
生物量 Biomass (×10³ kg?hm^-2)	9.803 (4.570)	0.020 (0.012)	9.823 (4.559)
百分数 Percentage (%)	99.70	0.30	100

项目 Items	冠层藤本 Canopy lianas	林下藤本 Understory lianas	合计 Total
生物量 Biomass (×10³ kg?hm^-2)	9.803 (4.570)	0.020 (0.012)	9.823 (4.559)
百分数 Percentage (%)	99.70	0.30	100

项目 Items	茎 Stem	枝 Branch	叶 Leaf	合计 Total
生物量 Biomass (×10³ kg?hm^-2)	5.718 (2.647)	3.586 (1.700)	0.519 (0.234)	9.823 (4.570)
百分数 Percentage (%)	58.21	36.51	5.28	100

哀牢山湿性常绿阔叶林木质藤本植物地上部分生物量及其对人为干扰的响应

ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS OF LIANAS AND ITS RESPONSE TO ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCES IN MOIST EVERGREEN BROAD-LEAVED FORESTS IN THE AILAO MOUNTAINS OF SOUTHWESTERN CHINA

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项目 Items	＜5 cm	5-10 cm	>10 cm	合计 Total
生物量 Biomass (×10³ kg?hm^-2)	0.420 (0.673)	6.165 (1.342)	3.238 (3.189)	9.823 (4.559)
百分数 Percentage (%)	4.28	62.76	32.96	100

物种 Species	生物量 Biomass (×10³ kg?hm^-2)	百分比 Percentage (%)	变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%)
常绿蔷薇 Rosa longicuspis	2.418 (2.698)	22.12	111.58
南蛇藤 Celastrus angulatus	2.232 (1.934)	18.53	86.65
山羊桃 Actinidia callosa	1.366 (2.366)	12.95	173.21
五风藤 Holboellia latifolia	0.901 (0.409)	12.46	45.39
圆锥悬钩子 Rubus paniculatus	0.764 (0.761)	10.04	99.61
香花崖豆藤 Millettia dielsiana	0.318 (0.550)	6.48	172.96
石宝茶藤 Euonymus vagans	0.315 (0.537)	6.38	170.48
三叶爬山虎 Parthenocissus himalayana	0.812 (1.405)	5.83	173.03
冷饭团 Kadsura coccinea	0.540 (0.935)	3.87	173.15
圆头牛奶菜 Marsdenia tsaiana	0.071 (0.123)	0.67	173.24
高山花椒 Zanthoxylum alpinum	0.044 (0.070)	0.44	159.09
云南清风藤 Sabia yunnanensis	0.012 (0.021)	0.11	175.00
毛狭叶崖爬藤 Tetrastigma obtectum	0.005 (0.005)	0.05	100.00
川西尾叶素馨 Jasminum urophyllum	0.002 (0.003)	0.02	150.00
华肖菝葜 Heterosmilax chinensis	0.001 (0.002)	0.02	200.00
粗糙菝葜 Smilax lebrunii	0.001 (0.002)	0.02	200.00
短柱肖菝葜 Heterosmilax yunnanensis	0.001 (0.002)	0.01	200.00
合苞铁线莲 Clematis napaulensis	0.001 (0.002)	0.01	200.00
合计 Total	9.803 (4.570)	100.00

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哀牢山湿性常绿阔叶林木质藤本植物地上部分 生物量及其对人为干扰的响应

ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS OF LIANAS AND ITS RESPONSE TO ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCES IN MOIST EVERGREEN BROAD-LEAVED FORESTS IN THE AILAO MOUNTAINS OF SOUTHWESTERN CHINA

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哀牢山湿性常绿阔叶林木质藤本植物地上部分生物量及其对人为干扰的响应