三江源地区主要草地类型土壤碳氮沿海拔变化特征及其影响因素

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2006.0059

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以三江源地区主要草地类型为研究对象,分析了不同草地类型土壤有机碳和全氮的变化特征及其与环境因子、土壤特征等的相互关系。结果表明:沿着海拔的逐渐升高,土壤有机碳和全氮含量均呈现出 “V"字形变化规律,即土壤有机碳氮含量在海拔最高处(5 120 m)和最低处(4 176 m)比较高,而在中间海拔梯度较低,土壤有机碳与全氮含量极显著相关( r=0.905)且高寒草甸土壤碳、氮含量高于高山草原土壤碳、氮含量;土壤中有机碳含量和全氮含量均随着土壤含水量的增加而增加,偏相关分析结果表明:对0~30 cm土层中土壤有机碳和土壤全氮影响最大的是土壤含水量,偏相关系数为0.946 5、0.905 9(p<0.01);土壤有机碳含量和全氮含量与植被盖度和草地生产力存在正相关趋势;土壤有机碳含量和全氮含量与土壤pH值和全盐量存在负相关趋势。

关键词: 三江源地区, 土壤有机碳, 土壤全氮, 草地, 影响因素

Abstract:

Soil is an important component of the terrestrial ecosystem and plays a critical role in global carbon cycle. Better understanding the distribution pattern of soil carbon storage along environmental gradients will facilitate the projection of global change on terrestrial C cycling. This study was conducted to examine soil organic carbon and nitrogen contents in major grassland types along elevation gradients in the source region of Yangtze, Yellow and Lantsang Rivers. Soil organic carbon and nitrogen contents were greater at the highest (5 120 m a.s.l.) and lowest (4 176 m a.s.l.) sites and lower at middle site. Soil organic carbon and nitrogen contents increased with soil moisture along the altitudinal gradient. Partial correlation analysis showed that spatial variability of soil organic carbon and nitrogen contents at 0-30 cm soil layers could be primarily explain by soil moisture with partial correlation coefficients of 0.946 5、0.905 9 (p<0.01), respectively. In addition, soil organic carbon and nitrogen contents showed positive linear correlations with plant cover and productivity and negative correlation trend with soil pH and total salt content.

Key words: The source region of Yangtze, Yellow and Lantsang Rivers, Soil organic carbon, Soil total nitrogen, Grassland, Impact factors

王长庭, 龙瑞军, 曹广民, 王启兰, 丁路明, 施建军. 三江源地区主要草地类型土壤碳氮沿海拔变化特征及其影响因素. 植物生态学报, 2006, 30(3): 441-449. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0059

WANG Chang-Ting, LONG Run-Jun, CAO Guang-Min, WANG Qi-Lan, DING Lu-Ming, SHI Jian-Jun. SOIL CARBON AND NITROGEN CONTENTS ALONG ELEVATION GRADIENTS IN THE SOURCE REGION OF YANGTZE, YELLOW AND LANTSANG RIVERS. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2006, 30(3): 441-449. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0059

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2006/V30/I3/441

图/表 6

参考文献 34

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样地号 Plot No.	植物群落类型 Plant community types	海拔 Elevation (m)	纬度 Latitudes	经度 Longitudes	植被类型 Vegetation type	降水量 Precipitation (mm)	土壤类型 Soil type
1	甘肃苔草+异针茅 Carex kansuensis+Stipa aliena	4 176	32°53.247' N	96°46.526' E	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	452	高寒草甸土 Alpine meadow soil
2	小嵩草 Kobresia pygmaea	4 218	37°57.357' N	96°35.456' E	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	400.2	高寒草甸土 Alpine meadow soil
3	小嵩草 Kobresia pygmaea	4 273	33°26.068' N	97°17.296' E	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	410	高寒草甸土 Alpine meadow soil
4	青藏苔草+紫花针茅 Carex moorcroftii+Stipa purpurea	4 285	35°04.756' N	97°44.003' E	高山草原 Alpine steppe	350	高山草原土 Alpine steppe soil
5	青藏苔草+紫花针茅 Carex moorcroftii+Stipa purpurea	4 298	34°54.911' N	98°12.519' E	高山草原 Alpine steppe	350	高山草原土 Alpine steppe soil
6	线叶嵩草 Kobresia capillifolia	4 435	34°26.154' N	100°22.794' E	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	404.7	高山寒漠土 Alpine desert soil
7	小嵩草 Kobresia pygmaea	4 601	34°54.279' N	97°31.876' E	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	503.6	高山寒漠土 Alpine desert soil
8	青藏苔草 Carex moorcroftii	5 120	34°07.632' N	97°39.487' E	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	542	高山寒漠土 Alpine desert soil

样地号 Plot No.	植物群落类型 Plant community types	海拔 Elevation (m)	纬度 Latitudes	经度 Longitudes	植被类型 Vegetation type	降水量 Precipitation (mm)	土壤类型 Soil type
1	甘肃苔草+异针茅 Carex kansuensis+Stipa aliena	4 176	32°53.247' N	96°46.526' E	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	452	高寒草甸土 Alpine meadow soil
2	小嵩草 Kobresia pygmaea	4 218	37°57.357' N	96°35.456' E	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	400.2	高寒草甸土 Alpine meadow soil
3	小嵩草 Kobresia pygmaea	4 273	33°26.068' N	97°17.296' E	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	410	高寒草甸土 Alpine meadow soil
4	青藏苔草+紫花针茅 Carex moorcroftii+Stipa purpurea	4 285	35°04.756' N	97°44.003' E	高山草原 Alpine steppe	350	高山草原土 Alpine steppe soil
5	青藏苔草+紫花针茅 Carex moorcroftii+Stipa purpurea	4 298	34°54.911' N	98°12.519' E	高山草原 Alpine steppe	350	高山草原土 Alpine steppe soil
6	线叶嵩草 Kobresia capillifolia	4 435	34°26.154' N	100°22.794' E	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	404.7	高山寒漠土 Alpine desert soil
7	小嵩草 Kobresia pygmaea	4 601	34°54.279' N	97°31.876' E	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	503.6	高山寒漠土 Alpine desert soil
8	青藏苔草 Carex moorcroftii	5 120	34°07.632' N	97°39.487' E	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	542	高山寒漠土 Alpine desert soil

样地号 Plot No.	植被类型 Vegetation type	土壤有机碳 Soil organic C (%)	土壤全氮 Soil total N (%)
1	甘肃苔草+异针茅Carex kansuensis+Stipa aliena	7.72±0.18^a	1.15±0.06^a
2	小嵩草 Kobresia pygmaea	7.46±0.20^a	0.43±0.02^a
3	小嵩草 Kobresia pygmaea	5.02±0.14^a	0.35±0.01^a
4	青藏苔草+紫花针茅Carex moorcroftii+Stipapurpurea	2.08±0.13^b	0.19±0.01^b
5	青藏苔草+紫花针茅Carex moorcroftii+Stipapurpurea	1.87±0.04^b	0.13±0.01^b
6	线叶嵩草 Kobresia capillifolia	3.99±0.02^a	0.37±0.01^a
7	小嵩草 Kobresia pygmaea	5.52±0.02^a	0.50±0.01^a
8	青藏苔草 Carex moorcroftii	6.48±0.10^a	1.02±0.01^a

样地号 Plot No.	植被类型 Vegetation type	土壤有机碳 Soil organic C (%)	土壤全氮 Soil total N (%)
1	甘肃苔草+异针茅Carex kansuensis+Stipa aliena	7.72±0.18^a	1.15±0.06^a
2	小嵩草 Kobresia pygmaea	7.46±0.20^a	0.43±0.02^a
3	小嵩草 Kobresia pygmaea	5.02±0.14^a	0.35±0.01^a
4	青藏苔草+紫花针茅Carex moorcroftii+Stipapurpurea	2.08±0.13^b	0.19±0.01^b
5	青藏苔草+紫花针茅Carex moorcroftii+Stipapurpurea	1.87±0.04^b	0.13±0.01^b
6	线叶嵩草 Kobresia capillifolia	3.99±0.02^a	0.37±0.01^a
7	小嵩草 Kobresia pygmaea	5.52±0.02^a	0.50±0.01^a
8	青藏苔草 Carex moorcroftii	6.48±0.10^a	1.02±0.01^a

	全N Total N (%)	有机碳 Organic C (%)	pH	全盐量 Total salt (%)	C/N
全N Total N (%)	1.000
有机碳 Organic C (%)	0.905^**	1.000
pH	-0.366	-0.244	1.000
全盐量 Total salt (%)	-0.515	-0.407	0.773^*	1.000
C/N	-0.571	-0.262	0.098	0.132	1.000