博斯腾湖湖滨带水盐梯度下植物功能性状及生态化学计量特征分析

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0434

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

湖滨湿地植物叶片功能性状和叶片生态化学计量特征的分析对掌握植物的生长速率及植物对土壤养分的吸收和利用效率具有重要意义。为探讨不同水盐环境对植物功能性状及其生态化学计量特征的影响, 该研究以博斯腾湖西岸湖滨带湿地为研究区, 以该地区优势植物及土壤环境因子为研究对象, 阐明该地区植物适应环境的策略。设置18个样地进行植物多样性的调查, 共调查到植物24种, 其中灌木8种, 草本16种。采用冗余分析法对植物叶片功能性状与土壤环境因子间的关系进行分析, 通过分析植物功能性状在不同水盐环境下的变化特征及其对植物功能性状的影响, 发现: 随着水盐含量的增加, 不同植物叶片功能性状变化较大, 其中叶绿素含量(SPAD)、叶片厚度(LT)和比叶面积(SLA)在低水低盐环境下最大; 叶片含水量(LWC)、叶干物质含量(LDMC)和叶干质量(LDM)在中水中盐、高水高盐环境下较大; 植物叶片碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量及其化学计量比变化较大, C:N范围为9.35-26.51, C:P的范围为50.13-228.95, N:P的范围为2.31-11.99, 其中C:P的变化范围最大; 叶片C含量与LT、LDMC、LDM均显著正相关, 叶片N含量与SPAD、LT显著正相关, 叶片P含量与LWC显著正相关, C:N、C:P均与LDMC显著正相关, 而N:P与叶片功能性状指标均不相关, SLA与叶片生态化学计量特征均不相关; 对环境因子与优势植物叶片功能性状的相关性分析发现, 影响种间植物功能性状的环境因子不同且各有差异。

关键词: 水盐梯度, 功能性状, 化学计量特征, 湿地

Abstract:

Aims In order to explore the effects of different water and salt environments on the plant functional traits and their ecological stoichiometric characteristics at the lakeshore zone of Bosten Lake. The dominant plants and soil environmental factors in this area were selected to clarify the strategy of plant adaptation to the environments in this region.

Methods Eighteen sample plots were set up to investigate plant diversity. A total of 24 plant species including 8 shrubs and 16 herbaceous species were examined. The relationship between functional traits of plant leaves and soil environmental factors was tested using redundancy analysis method.

Important findings Our results showed that leaf functional traits varied considerably with the increasing water and salt content. Among plant traits, the chlorophyll content (SPAD), leaf thickness (LT) and specific leaf area (SLA) were the greatest in low water and salt environments, while the leaf water content (LWC), leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and leaf dry mass (LDM) were greater in medium and high water and salt environments. The content of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) of plant leaves and their stoichiometric ratios were highly variable, with the C:N being 9.35-26.51 and the range of C:P being 50.13-228.95. The range of N:P was 2.31-11.99, with the largest variation in C:P. The Leaf C content was significantly and positively correlated with LT, LDMC and LDM, and leaf N content was significantly and positively correlated with SPAD and LT, while leaf P content was significantly and positively correlated with LWC. Whereas, C:N and C:P were both significantly and positively correlated with LDMC, while N:P was not correlated with any of the leaf functional traits. SLA was not correlated with any of the leaf ecological stoichiometric characteristics. The correlation between environmental factors and the functional traits of the dominant plant leaves revealed that the environmental factors affecting the functional traits of plants differed between species.

Key words: water-salt gradient, functional trait, stoichiometric characteristic, wetland

王军强, 刘彬, 常凤, 马紫荆, 樊佳辉, 何想菊, 尤思学, 阿尔孜古力·阿布都热西提, 杨滢可, 沈欣艳. 博斯腾湖湖滨带水盐梯度下植物功能性状及生态化学计量特征分析. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(8): 961-970. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0434

WANG Jun-Qiang, LIU Bin, CHANG Feng, MA Zi-Jing, FAN Jia-Hui, HE Xiang-Ju, YOU Si-Xue, Aerziguli ABUDUREXITI, YANG Ying-Ke, SHEN Xin-Yan. Plant functional traits and ecological stoichiometric characteristics under water-salt gradient in the lakeshore zone of Bosten Lake. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(8): 961-970. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0434

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2021.0434

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2022/V46/I8/961

图/表 7

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样地编号 Site Number	群落类型 Community type	主要植物 Main plant
1	V	刚毛柽柳、盐穗木 Tamarix hispida, Halostachys caspica
2	IV	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、海乳草 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Glaux maritima
3	III	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、盐地碱蓬、海乳草、狗尾草 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Suaeda salsa, Glaux maritima, Setaria viridis
4	I	刚毛柽柳、芦苇、乳菀、芨芨草 Tamarix hispida, Phragmites australis, Galatella songorica, Achnatherum splendens
5	IV	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、盐地碱蓬、芦苇 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Suaeda salsa, Phragmites australis
6	I	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、白刺、芦苇 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Nitraria tangutorum, Phragmites australis
7	V	刚毛柽柳、盐穗木 Tamarix hispida, Halostachys caspica
8	V	盐穗木、尖叶盐爪爪、盐地碱蓬 Halostachys caspica, Kalidium cuspidatum, Suaeda salsa
9	V	盐穗木、盐地碱蓬 Halostachys caspica, Suaeda salsa
10	III	刚毛柽柳、盐地碱蓬、芦苇 Tamarix hispida, Suaeda salsa, Phragmites australis
11	III	刚毛柽柳、白刺、盐穗木、盐地碱蓬 Tamarix hispida, Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica, Suaeda salsa
12	VI	白刺 Nitraria tangutorum
13	VI	白刺、盐穗木 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica
14	V	刚毛柽柳、盐穗木 Tamarix hispida, Halostachys caspica
15	VI	白刺、盐穗木 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica
16	II	盐穗木、芦苇 Halostachys caspica, Phragmites australis
17	II	白刺、盐穗木、芦苇、戟叶鹅绒藤 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica, Phragmites australis, Cynanchum sibiricum
18	II	白刺、盐穗木、芦苇、戟叶鹅绒藤 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica, Phragmites australis, Cynanchum sibiricum

样地编号 Site Number	群落类型 Community type	主要植物 Main plant
1	V	刚毛柽柳、盐穗木 Tamarix hispida, Halostachys caspica
2	IV	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、海乳草 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Glaux maritima
3	III	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、盐地碱蓬、海乳草、狗尾草 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Suaeda salsa, Glaux maritima, Setaria viridis
4	I	刚毛柽柳、芦苇、乳菀、芨芨草 Tamarix hispida, Phragmites australis, Galatella songorica, Achnatherum splendens
5	IV	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、盐地碱蓬、芦苇 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Suaeda salsa, Phragmites australis
6	I	刚毛柽柳、黑果枸杞、白刺、芦苇 Tamarix hispida, Lycium ruthenicum, Nitraria tangutorum, Phragmites australis
7	V	刚毛柽柳、盐穗木 Tamarix hispida, Halostachys caspica
8	V	盐穗木、尖叶盐爪爪、盐地碱蓬 Halostachys caspica, Kalidium cuspidatum, Suaeda salsa
9	V	盐穗木、盐地碱蓬 Halostachys caspica, Suaeda salsa
10	III	刚毛柽柳、盐地碱蓬、芦苇 Tamarix hispida, Suaeda salsa, Phragmites australis
11	III	刚毛柽柳、白刺、盐穗木、盐地碱蓬 Tamarix hispida, Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica, Suaeda salsa
12	VI	白刺 Nitraria tangutorum
13	VI	白刺、盐穗木 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica
14	V	刚毛柽柳、盐穗木 Tamarix hispida, Halostachys caspica
15	VI	白刺、盐穗木 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica
16	II	盐穗木、芦苇 Halostachys caspica, Phragmites australis
17	II	白刺、盐穗木、芦苇、戟叶鹅绒藤 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica, Phragmites australis, Cynanchum sibiricum
18	II	白刺、盐穗木、芦苇、戟叶鹅绒藤 Nitraria tangutorum, Halostachys caspica, Phragmites australis, Cynanchum sibiricum

物种 Species	水盐水平 Water and salt level	叶绿素含量 SPAD	叶片厚度 LT (mm)	比叶面积 SLA (cm²·g^-1)	叶片含水量 LWC (g·g^-1)	叶干物质含量 LDMC (g·g^-1)	叶干质量 LDM (g)
芦苇 Phragmites australis	SW1	48.106	0.314	0.207	0.535	0.466	0.170
芦苇 Phragmites australis	SW2	55.822	0.195	0.225	0.636	0.364	0.582
黑果枸杞 Lycium ruthenicum	SW1	19.689	1.101	0.868	0.857	0.143	0.081
黑果枸杞 Lycium ruthenicum	SW2	33.133	0.820	0.524	0.890	0.110	0.033
盐穗木 Halostachys caspica	SW2	7.112	2.300	0.623	0.917	0.083	0.040
盐穗木 Halostachys caspica	SW3	12.577	1.507	0.159	0.824	0.176	0.175
白刺 Nitraria tangutorum	SW1	25.433	0.757	0.739	0.874	0.126	0.062
	SW2	63.350	2.233	0.556	0.690	0.310	0.062
	SW3	21.922	0.720	0.340	0.813	0.187	0.089
刚毛柽柳 Tamarix hispida	SW1	3.208	0.319	1.049	0.499	0.502	0.101
	SW2	1.842	0.347	1.400	0.779	0.222	0.033
	SW3	4.450	0.358	0.628	0.437	0.563	0.362
盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	SW1	3.017	0.579	0.904	0.887	0.113	0.015
盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	SW3	4.000	0.542	1.224	0.936	0.064	0.021

物种 Species	水盐水平 Water and salt level	叶绿素含量 SPAD	叶片厚度 LT (mm)	比叶面积 SLA (cm²·g^-1)	叶片含水量 LWC (g·g^-1)	叶干物质含量 LDMC (g·g^-1)	叶干质量 LDM (g)
芦苇 Phragmites australis	SW1	48.106	0.314	0.207	0.535	0.466	0.170
芦苇 Phragmites australis	SW2	55.822	0.195	0.225	0.636	0.364	0.582
黑果枸杞 Lycium ruthenicum	SW1	19.689	1.101	0.868	0.857	0.143	0.081
黑果枸杞 Lycium ruthenicum	SW2	33.133	0.820	0.524	0.890	0.110	0.033
盐穗木 Halostachys caspica	SW2	7.112	2.300	0.623	0.917	0.083	0.040
盐穗木 Halostachys caspica	SW3	12.577	1.507	0.159	0.824	0.176	0.175
白刺 Nitraria tangutorum	SW1	25.433	0.757	0.739	0.874	0.126	0.062
	SW2	63.350	2.233	0.556	0.690	0.310	0.062
	SW3	21.922	0.720	0.340	0.813	0.187	0.089
刚毛柽柳 Tamarix hispida	SW1	3.208	0.319	1.049	0.499	0.502	0.101
	SW2	1.842	0.347	1.400	0.779	0.222	0.033
	SW3	4.450	0.358	0.628	0.437	0.563	0.362
盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	SW1	3.017	0.579	0.904	0.887	0.113	0.015
盐地碱蓬 Suaeda salsa	SW3	4.000	0.542	1.224	0.936	0.064	0.021

指标 Indicator	C	N	P	C:N	C:P	N:P
SPAD	0.386	0.522^**	-0.062	-0.126	0.143	0.309
LT	0.485^*	0.441^*	0.368	-0.638^**	-0.576^**	-0.050
SLA	-0.196	-0.333	0.076	0.172	0.028	-0.154
LWC	-0.611^**	0.096	0.428^*	-0.403^*	-0.519^**	-0.248
LDMC	0.611^**	-0.096	-0.428^*	0.403^*	0.519^**	0.248
LDM	0.600^**	0.200	-0.074	0.141	0.225	0.151