太行山典型区不同生境酸枣根系资源获取策略

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2025.0107

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

酸枣(Ziziphus jujuba)作为典型旱生灌木, 明确其根系功能性状的变异规律以及根系性状与土壤理化性质的关系, 可以增进对植物资源获取策略的理解, 为酸枣灌木丛可持续经营提供科学依据。该研究选择酸枣仁道地药材产区邢台市临城县内24个不同生境酸枣灌木丛为研究对象, 测定酸枣根系形态、构型和化学性状及土壤理化性质, 分析酸枣根系性状在不同生境下的变异规律, 阐明酸枣根经济空间理论及与环境的相互关系。研究结果显示: (1)酸枣根系构型性状(分支比和分支强度)的变异幅度显著高于形态(直径和比根长)和化学(根氮和根碳含量)性状。在种内水平上酸枣根系功能性状存在二维根经济空间。第一维度由比根长(比根面积)与根直径(组织密度)权衡主导, 代表着根从自主觅食策略(发育更高的比根长和比根面积)转变为菌根合作的养分获取策略。第二维度由负相关的根组织密度(直径)与根氮(根碳)含量组成, 代表根系防御与资源获取的权衡维度。(2)土壤环境会影响酸枣根系资源获取情况, 在全磷、全钾或砂粒含量较高, pH、含水量或有机碳含量较低的土壤中, 酸枣根系倾向于自主觅食策略, 相反土壤条件下, 酸枣根系倾向于菌根合作获取资源。(3)冗余分析显示, 土壤含水量(9.29%)、全磷(6.12%)、粉粒(3.87%)与黏粒(2.96%)含量是影响酸枣根系性状变异的主要环境因子。在干旱条件下, 酸枣通过增大比根长与比根面积来获取资源, 在低磷环境下酸枣倾向于增大根直径来增强适应性。酸枣通过根系性状的协同调整实现资源获取与生存防御的平衡, 其策略受环境异质性和长期进化筛选双重驱动。

关键词: 根系, 功能性状, 根经济空间, 土壤性质

Abstract:

Aims Ziziphus jujuba is a typical xerophytic shrub. Clarifying the variation of its root functional traits and the relationships between root traits and soil properties can enhance the understanding of plant resource-acquisition strategies and provide a scientific basis for the sustainable management of Z. jujuba shrub.

Methods This study selected 24 Z. jujuba populations in different habitats in the Lincheng County, Xingtai City, which is the genuine medicinal material producing area of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, as the research objects. The morphological, architectural, and chemical traits of Z. jujuba roots and soil properties were measured and analyzed to clarify the root economics space of Z. jujuba and the relationships between root traits and environmental factors.

Important findings (1) The variation in the architectural traits (i.e., branching ratio and branching intensity) of Z. jujuba was significantly higher than that in morphological (i.e., root diameter and specific root length) and chemical (i.e., root nitrogen and carbon content) traits. At the intraspecific level, there was a two-dimensional root economics space for the root functional traits of Z. jujuba. The first dimension was dominated by the trade-off between specific root length/ specific root area and root diameter/ tissue density, representing the transition of root resource-acquisition strategy from autonomous foraging (i.e., developing higher specific root length and specific root area) to mycorrhizal cooperation. The second dimension was composed of negatively correlated root tissue density/diameter and root nitrogen/carbon content, representing the trade-off dimension between root defense and resource acquisition. (2) Soil environments affected the resource acquisition of Z. jujuba roots. In soil with higher total phosphorus, total potassium or sand content and lower pH, water content or organic carbon content, Z. jujuba roots tended to adopt an autonomous foraging strategy. On the contrary, Z. jujuba roots tended to adopt a mycorrhizal cooperative strategy for resource acquisition. (3) Redundancy analysis showed that soil water content (9.29%), total phosphorus content (6.12%), silt content (3.87%), and clay content (2.96%) were the main environmental factors affecting the variation of Z. jujuba root traits. Specific root length and specific root area of Z. jujuba were increased to acquire resource under dry conditions, and root diameter was increased to enhance its adaptability in low-phosphorus environments. There was a balance between resource acquisition and survival defense of Z. jujuba through the synergistic adjustment of root traits. And its resource strategy was driven by both environmental heterogeneity and long-term evolutionary selection.

Key words: root, functional trait, root economics space, soil property

王爽, 陈雅轩, 陈艳梅, 王佳乐, 刘倩愿. 太行山典型区不同生境酸枣根系资源获取策略. 植物生态学报, 2026, 50(2): 374-387. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0107

WANG Shuang, CHEN Ya-Xuan, CHEN Yan-Mei, WANG Jia-Le, LIU Qian-Yuan. Root resource-acquisition strategies of Ziziphus jujuba in different habitats in typical areas of Taihang Mountains. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2026, 50(2): 374-387. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0107

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2025.0107

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2026/V50/I2/374

图/表 9

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采样点 Sampling site	简称 Abbreviation	海拔 Altitude (m)	经纬度 Latitude and longitude	株高(平均值±标准误) Plant height (mean ± SE) (cm)	地径(平均值±标准误) Ground diameter (mean ± SE) (cm)
北孟村 Beimeng Village	BM	62	114.58° E, 37.46° N	198.75 ± 0.24	1.20 ± 0.12
北高村 Beigao Village	BG	65	114.57° E, 37.53° N	188.75 ± 0.28	1.98 ± 0.37
东楼线村 Donglouxian Village	DL	96	114.48° E, 37.42° N	223.75 ± 0.39	3.38 ± 0.63
崆山村 Kongshan Village	KS	98	114.45° E, 37.47° N	446.00 ± 0.18	5.58 ± 1.88
丰乐村 Fengle Village	FL	99	114.56° E, 37.41° N	270.25 ± 0.13	3.88 ± 0.05
李家韩村 Lijiahan Village	LJ	108	114.54° E, 37.53° N	262.50 ± 0.13	2.68 ± 0.25
彭家泉村 Pengjiaquan Village	PJ	110	114.41° E, 37.45° N	162.50 ± 0.18	1.75 ± 0.14
岗头村 Gangtou Village	GT	111	114.46° E, 37.46° N	337.50 ± 0.63	2.88 ± 0.77
东竖村 Dongshu Village	DS	122	114.42° E, 37.47° N	307.50 ± 0.49	4.68 ± 1.02
柏畅村 Bochang Village	BC	123	114.43° E, 37.43° N	172.50 ± 0.26	1.75 ± 0.14
赵家崇村 Zhaojiachong Village	ZJ	132	114.43° E, 37.41° N	265.25 ± 0.06	3.18 ± 1.36
乱木村 Luanmu Village	LM	135	114.41° E, 37.44° N	207.75 ± 0.21	2.55 ± 0.16
绿蕾村 Lülei Village	LL	138	114.50° E, 37.49° N	336.25 ± 0.41	6.72 ± 0.73
南三岐村 Nansanqi Village	NS	155	114.39° E, 37.42° N	192.75 ± 0.19	2.50 ± 0.61
王家辉村 Wangjiahui Village	WJ	165	114.38° E, 37.40° N	170.00 ± 0.14	2.15 ± 0.30
南灰村 Nanhui Village	NH	176	114.33° E, 37.46° N	153.50 ± 0.18	1.90 ± 0.16
水峪村 Shuiyu Village	SY	187	114.35° E, 37.51° N	370.00 ± 0.54	6.40 ± 0.68
上炉子村 Shangluzi Village	SL	196	114.32° E, 37.42° N	297.50 ± 0.49	6.93 ± 0.21
石城村 Shicheng Village	SC	206	114.33° E, 37.40° N	377.50 ± 1.48	2.08 ± 0.43
闫家村 Yanjia Village	YJ	207	114.43° E, 37.53° N	219.00 ± 0.37	3.23 ± 0.50
北沟村 Beigou Village	BO	228	114.39° E, 37.51° N	210.00 ± 0.15	3.78 ± 0.27
郝庄村 Haozhuang Village	HZ	236	114.25° E, 37.47° N	150.00 ± 0.13	1.68 ± 0.11
青羊头村 Qingyangtou Village	QY	258	114.27° E, 37.43° N	224.75 ± 0.22	2.80 ± 0.43
寨沟村 Zhaigou Village	ZG	528	114.16° E, 37.46° N	122.50 ± 0.26	1.65 ± 0.53

采样点 Sampling site	简称 Abbreviation	海拔 Altitude (m)	经纬度 Latitude and longitude	株高(平均值±标准误) Plant height (mean ± SE) (cm)	地径(平均值±标准误) Ground diameter (mean ± SE) (cm)
北孟村 Beimeng Village	BM	62	114.58° E, 37.46° N	198.75 ± 0.24	1.20 ± 0.12
北高村 Beigao Village	BG	65	114.57° E, 37.53° N	188.75 ± 0.28	1.98 ± 0.37
东楼线村 Donglouxian Village	DL	96	114.48° E, 37.42° N	223.75 ± 0.39	3.38 ± 0.63
崆山村 Kongshan Village	KS	98	114.45° E, 37.47° N	446.00 ± 0.18	5.58 ± 1.88
丰乐村 Fengle Village	FL	99	114.56° E, 37.41° N	270.25 ± 0.13	3.88 ± 0.05
李家韩村 Lijiahan Village	LJ	108	114.54° E, 37.53° N	262.50 ± 0.13	2.68 ± 0.25
彭家泉村 Pengjiaquan Village	PJ	110	114.41° E, 37.45° N	162.50 ± 0.18	1.75 ± 0.14
岗头村 Gangtou Village	GT	111	114.46° E, 37.46° N	337.50 ± 0.63	2.88 ± 0.77
东竖村 Dongshu Village	DS	122	114.42° E, 37.47° N	307.50 ± 0.49	4.68 ± 1.02
柏畅村 Bochang Village	BC	123	114.43° E, 37.43° N	172.50 ± 0.26	1.75 ± 0.14
赵家崇村 Zhaojiachong Village	ZJ	132	114.43° E, 37.41° N	265.25 ± 0.06	3.18 ± 1.36
乱木村 Luanmu Village	LM	135	114.41° E, 37.44° N	207.75 ± 0.21	2.55 ± 0.16
绿蕾村 Lülei Village	LL	138	114.50° E, 37.49° N	336.25 ± 0.41	6.72 ± 0.73
南三岐村 Nansanqi Village	NS	155	114.39° E, 37.42° N	192.75 ± 0.19	2.50 ± 0.61
王家辉村 Wangjiahui Village	WJ	165	114.38° E, 37.40° N	170.00 ± 0.14	2.15 ± 0.30
南灰村 Nanhui Village	NH	176	114.33° E, 37.46° N	153.50 ± 0.18	1.90 ± 0.16
水峪村 Shuiyu Village	SY	187	114.35° E, 37.51° N	370.00 ± 0.54	6.40 ± 0.68
上炉子村 Shangluzi Village	SL	196	114.32° E, 37.42° N	297.50 ± 0.49	6.93 ± 0.21
石城村 Shicheng Village	SC	206	114.33° E, 37.40° N	377.50 ± 1.48	2.08 ± 0.43
闫家村 Yanjia Village	YJ	207	114.43° E, 37.53° N	219.00 ± 0.37	3.23 ± 0.50
北沟村 Beigou Village	BO	228	114.39° E, 37.51° N	210.00 ± 0.15	3.78 ± 0.27
郝庄村 Haozhuang Village	HZ	236	114.25° E, 37.47° N	150.00 ± 0.13	1.68 ± 0.11
青羊头村 Qingyangtou Village	QY	258	114.27° E, 37.43° N	224.75 ± 0.22	2.80 ± 0.43
寨沟村 Zhaigou Village	ZG	528	114.16° E, 37.46° N	122.50 ± 0.26	1.65 ± 0.53

根系性状 Root trait	单位 Unit	样本数量 Sample number	最小值 Min	最大值 Max	平均值 Mean	标准误差 Standard error	变异系数 Coefficient of variation
平均直径 Average diameter	mm	96	0.15	0.26	0.19	0.002 3	0.12
根组织密度 Root tissue density	g•cm^-3	96	0.26	1.43	0.83	0.018 7	0.22
比根长 Specific root length	m•g^-1	96	19.67	74.85	40.34	1.157 6	0.28
比根面积 Specific root area	cm²•g^-1	96	125.14	403.93	229.50	4.838 4	0.21
根分支比 Branching ratio	-	96	0.89	6.45	2.08	0.097 1	0.46
根分支强度 Branching intensity	cm^-1	96	0.72	7.80	2.20	0.113 7	0.51
根氮含量 Root nitrogen content	%	96	0.90	1.57	1.12	0.014 7	0.13
根碳含量 Root carbon content	%	96	34.24	45.29	41.95	0.252 3	0.06

根系性状 Root trait	单位 Unit	样本数量 Sample number	最小值 Min	最大值 Max	平均值 Mean	标准误差 Standard error	变异系数 Coefficient of variation
平均直径 Average diameter	mm	96	0.15	0.26	0.19	0.002 3	0.12
根组织密度 Root tissue density	g•cm^-3	96	0.26	1.43	0.83	0.018 7	0.22
比根长 Specific root length	m•g^-1	96	19.67	74.85	40.34	1.157 6	0.28
比根面积 Specific root area	cm²•g^-1	96	125.14	403.93	229.50	4.838 4	0.21
根分支比 Branching ratio	-	96	0.89	6.45	2.08	0.097 1	0.46
根分支强度 Branching intensity	cm^-1	96	0.72	7.80	2.20	0.113 7	0.51
根氮含量 Root nitrogen content	%	96	0.90	1.57	1.12	0.014 7	0.13
根碳含量 Root carbon content	%	96	34.24	45.29	41.95	0.252 3	0.06

土壤 Soil	单位 Unit	数量 Number	最小值 Min	最大值 Max	平均值 Mean	标准误差 Standard error	变异系数 Coefficient of variation
pH	-	96	5.51	9.00	8.13	0.064 0	0.08
土壤含水量 Soil water content	%	96	4.20	25.40	15.99	0.559 6	0.34
土壤有机碳含量 Soil organic carbon content	g•kg^-1	96	3.24	20.37	10.59	0.466 7	0.43
土壤全氮含量 Soil total nitrogen content	g•kg^-1	96	0.41	2.04	1.06	0.039 8	0.37
土壤全磷含量 Soil total phosphorus content	g•kg^-1	96	0.03	3.15	0.47	0.057 5	1.01
土壤全钾含量 Soil total potassium content	g•kg^-1	96	12.20	38.24	22.78	0.475 0	0.20
土壤粉粒含量 Soil silt content	%	96	10.56	79.65	52.52	2.244 8	0.12
土壤砂粒含量 Soil sand content	%	96	8.58	89.33	39.39	2.720 9	0.68
土壤黏粒含量 Soil clay content	%	96	0.06	19.85	8.10	0.535 1	0.65