地理来源与生物化学属性对泥炭地植物残体分解的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2018.0029

植物生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 713-722.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0029

地理来源与生物化学属性对泥炭地植物残体分解的影响

刘媛媛^1,^2,³,马进泽^1,^2,³,卜兆君^1,^2,^3,^*(),王升忠^1,^2,^3,^*(),张雪冰¹,张婷玉¹,刘莎莎^1,^2,³,付彪¹,康媛^1,^2,³

1 东北师范大学地理科学学院泥炭沼泽研究所, 长春 130024
2 国家环境保护湿地生态与植被恢复重点实验室, 长春 130024
3 长白山湿地生态过程与环境变化吉林省重点实验室, 长春 130024

出版日期:2018-07-20 发布日期:2018-11-03
通讯作者: 卜兆君,王升忠
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41371103);国家自然科学基金(41471043);国家自然科学基金(41601085);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0500407)

Effect of geographical sources and biochemical traits on plant litter decomposition in a peatland

LIU Yuan-Yuan^1,2,3, MA Jin-Ze^1,2,3, BU Zhao-Jun^1,2,3,*(), WANG Sheng-Zhong^1,2,3,*(), ZHANG Xue-Bing¹, ZHANG Ting-Yu¹, LIU Sha-Sha^1,2,3, FU Biao¹, KANG Yuan^1,2,3

1 Institute for Peat and Mire Research, School of Geographical Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
2 Key Laboratory for Wetland Conservation and Vegetation Restoration, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Changchun 130024, China
3 Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecological Processes and Environmental Change in the Changbai Mountains, Changchun 130024, China

Online:2018-07-20 Published:2018-11-03
Contact: Zhao-Jun BU,Sheng-Zhong WANG
Supported by:
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41371103);Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41471043);Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41601085);the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC0500407)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

不同地理来源的泥炭地植物残体在同一环境中的分解速率一直缺乏比较研究。该研究沿纬度梯度, 选择大九湖、哈泥和满归3处泥炭地, 以三地的10种植物为分解材料, 使用分解袋包装, 埋藏于长白山哈泥泥炭地, 开展为期1年的分解实验, 研究地理来源及生物化学属性对泥炭地植物残体分解的影响。结果表明, 如不考虑物种差异, 从总体上看, 随着纬度增加, 3处泥炭地植物残体的初始氮(N)含量下降, 初始木质素含量、碳氮比(C/N)和木质素/N上升。经一年分解后残体分解速率因植物类群不同而不同, 桦木属(Betula)和薹草属(Carex)植物残体的干质量损失率均接近50%, 远大于泥炭藓属(Sphagnum)植物(约为10%)。3处来源地植物残体干质量损失率总体上无差异, 但比较同种植物残体发现, 来自中纬度泥炭地哈泥的中位泥炭藓(S. magellanicum)的干质量损失率(19%)远高于来自高纬度泥炭地满归的(9%)。制约残体分解的因素因植物类群不同而不同, 残体初始总酚/N是决定属间残体干质量损失率差异的重要指标。薹草属植物初始N含量和C/N与残体分解速率、泥炭藓属植物初始Klason木质素含量和总酚/N与残体分解速率均呈正相关关系。该研究一定程度上表明, 若以纬度降低指代气候变暖, 当前持续的气候变暖可能通过改变高纬度泥炭地的植物组成和植物的生物化学属性, 来改变植物残体分解速率, 进而影响泥炭地的碳汇功能。

关键词: 纬度梯度格局, 植物功能群, 泥炭地, 生物化学品质

Abstract:

Aims Few comparative studies have been conducted on the decomposition of the plant litters from different geographical sources in the same site. We aimed to understand the effect of geographical sources and biochemical traits of peatland plants on litter decomposition.

Methods Along a latitudinal gradient, we collected plant materials from three peatlands, Dajiuhu, Hani and Mangui, to carry out a one-year decomposition experiment with litter bags in Hani Peatland, Changbai Mountains.

Important findings When species identity was not considered, we found that overall initial nitrogen (N) content decreased while initial lignin content, carbon nitrogen ratio (C/N) and lignin/N increased with latitude in the litters from 3 peatlands. Litter decomposition differed with plant functional groups. After one year of decomposition, dry mass loss of both birch and sedge (ca. 50%) was higher than that of peat mosses (ca. 10%). No significant difference was observed in litter dry mass loss among different geographical sources. However, dry mass loss of Sphagnum magellanicum from the middle latitudinal peatland (19%) was higher than that from the high latitudinal site (9%). The factors affecting litter decomposition differed among plant functional groups. Initial total phenolics/N was the important factor to determine the difference in litter dry mass loss among the 3 genera. The initial N content and C/N, and Klason lignin content and total phenolics/N were positively related to litter decomposition of Carex and Sphagnum, respectively. If the decrease in latitude is used to indicate climate warming, to some extent, our study suggests that current climate warming, by changing the plant composition and biochemical traits, may alter litter decomposition and even carbon accumulation in high latitudinal peatlands.

Key words: latitudinal gradient pattern, plant functional group, peatland, biochemical quality

刘媛媛, 马进泽, 卜兆君, 王升忠, 张雪冰, 张婷玉, 刘莎莎, 付彪, 康媛. 地理来源与生物化学属性对泥炭地植物残体分解的影响. 植物生态学报, 2018, 42(7): 713-722. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0029

LIU Yuan-Yuan, MA Jin-Ze, BU Zhao-Jun, WANG Sheng-Zhong, ZHANG Xue-Bing, ZHANG Ting-Yu, LIU Sha-Sha, FU Biao, KANG Yuan. Effect of geographical sources and biochemical traits on plant litter decomposition in a peatland. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2018, 42(7): 713-722. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0029

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2018.0029

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2018/V42/I7/713

图/表 8

表1 实验用植物残体的来源地与埋放地

Table 1 The sites for litter collection and litter decomposition

埋放地 Site for decomposition	来源地 Site for collection	物种 Species
哈泥 Hani	大九湖 Dajiuhu	泥炭藓 Sphagnum palustre
		签草 Carex doniana
		红桦 Betula albosinensis
	哈泥 Hani	中央泥炭藓 S. centrale
		中位泥炭藓 S. magellanicum
		毛薹草 C. lasiocarpa
		油桦 B. fruticosa var. ruprechtiana
	满归 Mangui	中位泥炭藓 S. magellanicum
		锈色泥炭藓S. fuscum
		瘤囊薹草 C. schmidtii
		柴桦 B. fruticosa

图1 泥炭地每种植物残体及每处泥炭地所有植物残体的初始化学组成(平均值±标准误差, n = 5)。Ball, 桦木属; Ba, 红桦; Br, 油桦; Bf, 柴桦; Call, 薹草属; Cd, 签草; Cl, 毛薹草; Cs, 瘤囊薹草; Sall, 泥炭藓属; Sp, 泥炭藓; Sc, 中央泥炭藓; Sf, 锈色泥炭藓。D, 来源地为大九湖的平均值; H, 来源地为哈泥的平均值; M, 来源地为满归的平均值。不同大写字母表示不同属之间初始化学组成差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示不同种和不同来源地之间初始化学组成差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Initial chemical composition of each plant litter in a peatland and initial chemical composition of all the plant litters from each peatland (mean ± SE, n = 5). Ball, the mean of Betula; Ba, B. albosinensis; Br, B. fruticosa var. ruprechtiana; Bf, B. fruticosa; Call, the mean of Carex; Cd, C. doniana; Cl, C. lasiocarpa; Cs, C. schmidtii; Sall, the mean of Sphagnum; Sp, S. palustre; Sc, S. centrale; Sm, S. magellanicum; Sf, S. fuscum. D, the mean of Dajiuhu; H, the mean of Hani; M, the mean of Mangui. Different capital letters indicate significant differences in initial chemical composition among genera (p < 0.05), and different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in initial chemical composition between both species in a genus or average of all the species among three sites (p < 0.05).

图2 泥炭地每种植物残体及每处泥炭地所有植物残体平均的初始化学计量比(平均值±标准误差, n = 5)。不同大写字母表示不同属之间初始化学计量比差异显著(p < 0.05)。不同小写字母表示不同种和3处来源地之间初始化学计量比差异显著(p < 0.05)。图注同图1。

Fig. 2 Initial stoichiometric ratio of each plant litter in a peatland and average initial stoichiometric ratios of all the plant litters from each peatland (mean ± SE, n = 5). Different capital letters indicate significant differences in initial stoichiometric ratios among genera (p < 0.05). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in initial stoichiometric ratios between both species in a genus and average of all the species from three sources (p < 0.05). See Fig. 1 for notes.

表2 泥炭地植物种、属和来源地对残体初始化学组成及其化学计量比影响的单因素方差分析

Table 2 One-way analysis of variance for the effect of species, genus and source of plants on initial chemical index and stoichiometric ratios of litters

因素 Factor		相关系数 Correlation coefficient
因素 Factor		C	N	总酚 Total phenolics	木质素 Lignin	C/N	总酚/C Total phenolics /C	木质素/C Lignin/C	总酚/N Total phenolics/N	木质素/N Lignin/N	总酚/木质素Total phenolics/Lignin
种 Species	B	106.293^***	41.509^***	62.296^***	0.400	19.628^***	69.213^***	3.821	45.356^***	24.485^***	25.207^***
	B	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.679	<0.001	<0.001	0.052	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	C	2.657	8.308^**	45.047^***	4.476^*	16.272^***	40.042^***	5.066^*	18.049^***	15.195^**	16.497^***
	C	0.111	0.005	<0.001	0.035	<0.001	<0.001	0.025	<0.001	0.001	<0.001
	S	0.827	52.314^***	6.552^*	3.242^*	73.627^***	6.765^**	2.544	1.109	34.728^***	9.823^**
	S	0.461	<0.001	0.012	0.075	<0.001	0.011	0.120	0.361	<0.001	0.003
属 Genus	-	129.384^***	43.542^***	257.553^***	21.628^***	24.742^***	229.423^***	47.086^***	84.932^***	28.998^***	184.473^***
属 Genus	-	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
来源地 Source	-	0.660	3.341^*	0.346	2.324	7.034^**	0.462	1.294	2.473	5.306^**	0.200
来源地 Source	-	0.522	0.045	0.709	0.110	0.002	0.633	0.285	0.097	0.009	0.819

表3 泥炭地植物种、属和来源地对残体分解影响的单因素方差分析

Table 3 One-way analysis of variance for the effect of species, genus and source of plant litters on decomposition in a peatland

因素 Factor		干质量损失 Dry mass loss (%)		C损失 Carbon loss (%)		N损失 Nitrogen loss (%)		总酚损失 Total phenolics loss (%)		木质素损失 Lignin loss (%)
因素 Factor		F	p	F	p	F	p	F	p	F	p
种 Species	B	1.411	0.282	0.920	0.425	0.990	0.400	0.020	0.980	4.726*	0.031
	C	16.381^***	<0.001	14.883**	0.001	15.432***	<0.001	8.005**	0.006	2.229	0.150
	S	2.524	0.122	2.902	0.094	38.145***	<0.001	4.842*	0.029	18.463***	<0.001
属 Genus	-	57.069^***	<0.001	50.719***	<0.001	0.387	0.681	417.741***	<0.001	3.235*	0.049
来源地 Source	-	0.046	0.995	0.025	0.976	1.598	0.214	0.201	0.818	1.804	0.177

图3 物种及来源地对植物残体干质量(A)、C (B)、N (C)、总酚(D)和木质素(E)损失的影响(平均值±标准误差, n = 5)。不同大写字母表示不同属之间在干质量、C、N、总酚和木质素损失存在显著差异(p < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示属内不同种和不同来源地所有植物物种之间在干质量、C、N、总酚和木质素损失存在显著差异(p < 0.05)。图注同图1。

Fig. 3 The effects of species and source on losses of litter dry mass (A), C (B), N (C), total phenolics (D) and lignin (E)(mean ± SE, n = 5). Different capital letters indicate significant differences in the effects of different genera on dry mass, C, N, total phenolics and lignin loss (p < 0.05). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in dry mass, C, N, total phenolics and lignin losses between different species in a same genus and among all species from different sources (p < 0.05). See Fig. 1 for notes.

图4 来源地对中位泥炭藓植物残体干质量(A)、C (B)、N (C)、总酚(D)和木质素(E)损失的影响(平均值±标准误差, n = 5)。**, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001。

Fig. 4 Effect of plant litter source on the losses of dry mass (A), C (B), N (C), total phenolics (D) and lignin (E) of Sphagnum magellanicum litters (mean ± SE, n = 5). **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.

表4 泥炭地植物残体干质量损失与初始化学组分的相关分析

Table 4 Correlation analysis between dry mass loss and initial chemical traits in plant litters

	相关系数 Correlation coefficient
	C	N	总酚 Total phenolics	木质素 Lignin	C/N	总酚/C Total phenolics/C	木质素/C Lignin/C	多酚/N Total phenolics/N	木质素/N Lignin/N	多酚/木质素 Total phenolics/Lignin
B	-0.291	-0.301	0.370	0.264	0.286	0.404	0.280	0.433	0.281	0.345
C	0.400	0.720^**	0.002	-0.526^*	-0.787^**	-0.014	-0.518^*	-0.784^**	-0.740^**	0.251
S	0.469	-0.493	-0.403	0.544^*	0.516^*	-0.403	0.543^*	0.472	0.523^*	-0.444
总体 Total	0.796^*	0.531	0.801^**	-0.793^**	-0.555	0.815^**	-0.840^**	0.870^**	-0.655	0.793^*

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地理来源与生物化学属性对泥炭地植物残体分解的影响

Effect of geographical sources and biochemical traits on plant litter decomposition in a peatland

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