黑河上游高寒退化草地狼毒种群小尺度点格局分析

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.11.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植被斑块化是自然界的一种普遍现象, 斑块的形成和变化对植物种群格局的形成和变化具有重要影响。在黑河上游祁连山北坡高寒退化草地, 采用点格局分析方法, 研究了小尺度上狼毒(Stellera chamaejasme)种群的种群密度、组成格局以及分布格局。结果表明: 随着狼毒种群分盖度的增大, 种群密度、领地密度和组成格局呈现规律性的变化, 斑块内部狼毒种群的数量出现增减交替变化趋势, 组成格局规律明显; 狼毒种群的分布格局表现出与尺度关联的变化趋势, 在31%-40%分盖度下, 狼毒种群在所有尺度上表现为随机分布, 在41%-50%、51%-60%、61%-70%、71%-80%分盖度下随着尺度增大, 分布格局的基本模式为: 随机—聚集—随机或均匀—随机—聚集—随机分布, 在聚集状态下, 聚集强度不同。以成株为核心的斑块内部种群表现为随机分布或均匀分布, 相对于外部表现为聚集分布, 随着成株个体数量的逐渐增多, 种群竞争关系由种间竞争转化为种内竞争, 促进了斑块扩张与合并、斑块增多与吞并, 从而实现了种群扩散。

关键词: 祁连山北坡, 斑块, 种群扩散, 空间分布格局, 狼毒种群

Abstract:

Aims The formation and changes of patches has an important effect on population patterns. Our objectives are to determine 1) how patches are formed during the process of Stellera chamaejasme population dispersion, 2) what is the effect on pattern during forming and changing of the patch and 3) what roles the formation and changes of the patches play in population dispersion.
Methods We studied five 2 m × 2 m plots of different S. chamaejasme cover in the upper reaches of Heihe, China, using the point pattern method to analyze population pattern, size and density.
Important findings With increasing cover, the population density and territory density tended to increase, decrease, and then increase and the number of the S. chamaejasme population tended to increase and decrease in turn. In the study area, the pattern under 31%-40% cover at all scales was a random distribution. Under the cover of 41%-50%, 51%-60%, 61%-70% and 71%-80%, the distribution pattern was random—clumped—random or regular—random—clumped—random and the clumped density was different. It formed patches during the process of S. chamaejasme population dispersion, which was clumped for external and random or regular for internal S. chamaejasme population dispersion through which patches combine and annex.

Key words: northern slope of Qilian Mountains, patch, population dispersion, spatial distribution pattern, Stellera chamaejasme population

赵成章, 高福元, 王小鹏, 盛亚萍, 石福习. 黑河上游高寒退化草地狼毒种群小尺度点格局分析. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(11): 1319-1326. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.11.009

ZHAO Cheng-Zhang, GAO Fu-Yuan, WANG Xiao-Peng, SHENG Ya-Ping, SHI Fu-Xi. Fine-scale spatial patterns of Stellera chamaejasme population in degraded alpine grassland in upper reaches of Heihe, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34(11): 1319-1326. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.11.009

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.11.009

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2010/V34/I11/1319

图/表 4

图1 样方内狼毒植株的地面投影图。A, 分盖度为31%-40%。B, 分盖度为41%-50%。C, 分盖度为51%-60%。D, 分盖度为61%-70%。E, 分盖度为71%-80%。

Fig. 1 Projection drawing of Stellera chamaejasme plant in plot. A, Subcoverage of 31%-40%. B, Subcoverage of 41%-50%. C, Subcoverage of 51%-60%. D, Subcoverage of 61%-70%. E, Subcoverage of 71%-80%.

图2 狼毒种群的斑块特征。a, 分盖度为31%-40%; b, 分盖度为41%-50%; c, 分盖度为51%-60%; d, 分盖度为61%-70%; e, 分盖度为71%-80%。

Fig. 2 Patch characteristics of Stellera chamaejasme population. a, subcoverage of 31%-40%; b, subcoverage of 41%-50%; c, subcoverage of 51%-60%; d, subcoverage of 61%-70%; e, subcoverage of 71%-80%.

表1 狼毒斑块的种群大小组成

Table 1 The size composition of Stellera chamaejasme population patches

分盖度 Subcoverage	株级/株 Class/Plant
分盖度 Subcoverage	I	II	III	IV	V
31%-40%	58	11	3	0	0
41%-50%	77	13	3	1	0
51%-60%	128	15	4	2	0
61%-70%	90	18	5	2	1
71%-80%	126	15	4	4	2

图3 狼毒种群点格局分析结果。A, 分盖度为31%-40%。B, 分盖度为41%-50%。C, 分盖度为51%-60%。D, 分盖度为61%-70%。E, 分盖度为71%-80%。

Fig. 3 Results of point pattern analysis for Stellera chamaejasme population. A, Subcoverage of 31%-40%. B, Subcoverage of 41%-50%. C, Subcoverage of 51%-60%. D, Subcoverage of 61%-70%. E, Subcoverage of 71%-80%.

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