银杉花粉生命力及其变异

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2007.0149

植物生态学报 ›› 2007, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 1199-1204.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0149

银杉花粉生命力及其变异

王红卫¹^,²(), 邓辉胜¹^,³, 谭海明⁴, 覃琨⁴, 张定亨⁵, 葛颂¹^,^*()

1 中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室,北京 100093
2 河南农业大学植物保护学院,郑州 450002
3 柳州师范高等专科学校,广西柳州 545004
4 广西大瑶山国家级自然保护区管理局,广西金秀 545700
5 花坪国家级银杉自然保护区,广西龙胜 541700

收稿日期:2006-07-21 接受日期:2006-07-21 出版日期:2007-07-21 发布日期:2007-11-30
通讯作者: 葛颂
作者简介:* E-mail: gesong@ibcas.ac.cn
E-mail: wghwcas@yahoo.com.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目"长江流域生物多样性变化、可持续性利用与区域生态安全"(C2046805);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-414)

POLLEN VIABILITY AND VARIATION IN CATHAYA ARGYROPHYLLA

WANG Hong-Wei¹^,²(), DENG Hui-Sheng¹^,³, TAN Hai-Ming⁴, QIN Kun⁴, ZHANG Ding-Heng⁵, GE Song¹^,^*()

¹State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
²College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
³Liuzhou Teachers College, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545004, China
⁴Dayaoshan Mountain National Nature Reserve, Jinxiu, Guangxi 545700, China
⁵Huaping National Nature Reserve, Longsheng, Guangxi 541700, China

Received:2006-07-21 Accepted:2006-07-21 Online:2007-07-21 Published:2007-11-30
Contact: GE Song

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国特有植物银杉(Cathay argyrophylla)是最濒危的松杉类植物之一。研究表明,受精前胚珠的高败育率是银杉生殖效率低的重要原因之一,但迄今对银杉花粉活力及其变异仍不得而知。由于花粉活力对授粉、受精、种子产量和质量以及后代适合度都有直接影响,该研究采用TTC染色和体外萌发法测定了来自大瑶山(Dayaoshan, DYS)和花坪(Huaping, HP)两个地区7个种群16个个体52份银杉花粉样品的生活力。结果表明银杉花粉的活力水平(93.3%)与其它裸子植物相当,干燥低温条件下银杉的花粉活力比较稳定,体外萌发的适宜蔗糖浓度在13%左右。ANOVA分析揭示种群内个体间的花粉活力差异不大(p>0.05),而地区内的种群间及地区间的花粉活力有显著差异(p<0.05)。银杉花粉活力与其生殖成功没有相关性。在上述基础上,从控制授粉的角度讨论了银杉的保护策略和复壮的可能性。

关键词: 银杉, 花粉活力, 濒危, 保护

Abstract:

Aims Cathaya argyrophylla is one of the most endangered conifers endemic to China. Previous studies showed that this species was characterized by unusually low fertility and high embryonic mortality, which may be factors leading to its endangerment. Because knowledge of pollen viability is important for successful reproduction of plant species, we investigated pollen viability in natural populations of C. argyrophylla.

Methods We collected pollen samples from 16 individuals of seven populations in two locations, Dayaoshan (DYS) in Sichuan and Huaping (HP) in Guangxi. We evaluated pollen viability using the TTC method and analyzed its variation based on ANOVA.

Important findings Pollen viability of C. argyrophylla is comparable to other gymnosperms. Viability was stable in dry and low temperature conditions, and the optional sucrose concentration for pollen germination was about 13%. We found low variation of pollen viability among individuals within populations (p>0.05) but significant differentiation between populations within regions and among regions (p<0.05). The pollen viability ofC. argyrophylla is normal and thus not likely relevant to its endangerment. We proposed artificial crossings between genetically distinct populations as a potential conservation strategy for the population recovery of this endangered species.

Key words: Cathaya argyrophylla, pollen viability, endangerment, conservation

王红卫, 邓辉胜, 谭海明, 覃琨, 张定亨, 葛颂. 银杉花粉生命力及其变异. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(6): 1199-1204. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0149

WANG Hong-Wei, DENG Hui-Sheng, TAN Hai-Ming, QIN Kun, ZHANG Ding-Heng, GE Song. POLLEN VIABILITY AND VARIATION IN CATHAYA ARGYROPHYLLA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2007, 31(6): 1199-1204. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0149

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2007.0149

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2007/V31/I6/1199

图/表 3

表1 银杉花粉活力检测取样及检测结果

Table 1 Pollen samples of Cathaya argyrophylla collected in the study and their viability

种群 Population	个体 Individual	雄球花数目 No. of male flowers	花粉活力范围(平均值) Pollen viability (average)
大瑶山1(DYS1)	DYS1-1	4	84.4~92.8 (87.9)
大瑶山3(DYS3)	DYS3-1	3	89.3~92.7 (91.5)
大瑶山4(DYS4)	DYS4-1	5	86.7~93.0 (90.1)
	DYS4-2	1	86.9
			88.5^*
大瑶山5(DYS5)	DYS5-1	3	85.4~86.9(87.7)
	DYS5-2	3	90.1~95.2 (92.4)
	DYS5-5	6	85.9~93.4 (90.9)
	DYS5-6	5	89.1~92.9 (91.2)
	DYS5-8	3	90.2~95.9 (90.3)
			90.5^*
大瑶山7(DYS7)	DYS7-1	1	98.1
大瑶山总数或平均 Total or average in DYS	10	34	91.3
花坪1(HP2)	HP2-1	3	95~96 (95.7)
	HP2-2	3	92~96 (94.0)
	HP2-3	3	92~95 (93.3)
			94.3^*
花坪2(HP3)	HP3-1	3	96 (96)
	HP3-2	3	95~97 (96)
	HP3-3	3	95~97 (96)
			96^*
花坪总数或平均 Total or average in HP	6	18	95.2
物种总数或平均 Total or average in species	16	52	93.3

图1 花粉活力随时间的变化花粉样品来自大瑶山,第一个数字代表种群,第二个数字代表个体,第三个数字代表雄球花。例如DYS5-2-1是指大瑶山地区5号种群2号样树的1号雄球花

Fig.1 The change of pollen viability with time Pollen samples come from Dayaoshan. The first number stands for population, the second for individual, the third for male flower. For example, DYS5-2-1 stands for male flower 1 of tree 2 in population 5

图2 不同蔗糖浓度下银杉花粉萌发率(大瑶山混合花粉)

Fig.2 Percentage of pollen germination at different sucrose concentrations (Mixed pollen grains from Dayaoshan)

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银杉花粉生命力及其变异

POLLEN VIABILITY AND VARIATION IN CATHAYA ARGYROPHYLLA

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